Introduction to comparative government:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York ; Munich [u.a.]
Longman
2003
|
| Ausgabe: | 5. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXXIII, 734 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0321104781 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129979044200448 |
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| adam_text | Titel: Introduction to comparative government
Autor: Curtis, Michael
Jahr: 2003
Detailed Contents
Preface xxxi
CHAPTERl INTRODUCTION Michael Curtis 1
Why Study Comparative Politics and Government? 2
REVIEW 1.1 Approaches to the Study of Comparative Government 3
Toward a Theory of Comparative Government 3
REVIEW 1.2 Globalization—What s Really New? 5
A CLOSER LOOK 1.1 Geography and Development 6
Our Analytical Approach 7
REVIEW 1.3 A Choice of Subjects to Study 7
A CLOSER LOOK 1.2 European States Formerly under Soviet Control
What Theory to Use 8
Classification of Systems 9
The Number and Kinds ofRulers 9
Political Culture 10
A CLOSER LOOK 1.3 The Clash of Civilizations 11
Political Development 11
A CLOSER LOOK 1.4 Africa 14
A CLOSER LOOK 1.5 The Human Development Index 15
REVIEW 1.4 World Population Profile 15
MenandWomen 16
REVIEW 1.5 Women in Society and Politics, 2002 18
The Economic System 18
A CLOSER LOOK 1.6 Women Heads of State or Government 19
A CLOSER LOOK 1.7 The Sum Totals: GDP and GNP 20
Constitutional Democracies 21
Authoritarian Systems 21
Totalitarian Systems 22
Communist and Non-Communist Systems 23
REVIEW 1.6 Useful Classification in Comparative Politics 25
Third World or Developing Countries 25
The Political Process 25
Functional Representation 26
A CLOSER LOOK 1.8 Referendums 26
Territorial Representation 27
Interest Groups 27
Political Parties 28
A CLOSER LOOK 1.9 Can You Tell Your Left from Your Right? 28
Political Institutions 30
A CLOSER LOOK 1.10 Federalism in Germany 31
XI
DETAILED CONTENTS
The Political Executive 31
A CLOSER LOOK 1.11 Central Government Grows Weaker 31
Legislatures and Parliamentary Assemblies 33
The Judicial Branch 35
A CLOSER LOOK 1.12 How Judges Are Chosen 35
Public Policy 36
Multiple Affairs of State 36
Why Do Public Policies Differ? 36
A CLOSER LOOK 1.13 The Welfare State 37
Conclusion 37
THINKING CRITICALLY 37
Key Terms 38
Further Readings 38
Part 1 INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACIES
CHAPTER2 THE GOVERNMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN Michael Curtis 41
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 44
Historical Background 44
A CLOSER LOOK 2.1 Magna Carta 44
Evolution of the Political System 46
Britain as a Model in Politics 48
The Importance of Consensus and Its Limits 49
Political Stability 50
Political Culture 50
Deference of the People 50
Pattern of Authority 50
Relative Deprivation 51
Effect ofGeography 51
The Unified System 51
A New Pluralistic System? 52
A CLOSER LOOK 2.2 The Good Friday Agreement 52
REVIEW 2.1 The Irish Problem 54
A CLOSER LOOK 2.3 The West Lothian Question 5 5
Political Problems 56
REVIEW 2.2 A Summary of Recent Constitutional Change 57
A CLOSER LOOK 2.4 Rritish Sovereignty 57
The Nature of British Society 58
A Postindustrial Society 58
A Class Society 59
A Pluralistic Religious Society 59
A Multicultural Society 61
A Welfare State 61
A Mixed Economy 61
DETAILED CONTENTS xiii
The Socialization Process 62
Education and Class 62
A Changing Britain 63
THINKING CRITICALLY 64
Key Terms 65
Further Readings 65
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 66
Voting 66
Is the Electoral System Working? 69
Elections 70
A CLOSER LOOK 2.5 The June 2001 General Election 71
Who Are the Candidates? 72
A CLOSER LOOK 2.6 Some Record Postwar Elections 72
The Nature of Voting 73
A CLOSER LOOK 2.7 Party Identification and Class 75
Political Parties 76
Party Organizations 77
Local and Regional 77
National Organization 78
The Parties in Parliament 80
Party Leadership 80
Power within the Parties 81
Interest Groups 82
Business 82
Trade Unions 83
The Executive 84
The Monarchy 84
REVIEW 2.3 Long Live the Queen: A European Time Line 85
The Government 85
The Cabinet 87
REVIEW 2.4 Some Key Terms in British Politics 88
Cabinet Membership 89
Procedure in the Cabinet 89
A CLOSER LOOK 2.8 The Cabinet, 2002 89
The Prime Minister 90
Functions 91
A CLOSER LOOK 2.9 Tony Blair: Labour Leader and Prime Minister 91
7s the Prime Minister a Quasi President? 92
REVIEW 2.5 The Center of British Government 93
The Civil Service 94
REVIEW 2.6 QUANGOS (Quasi Autonomous Nongovernmental Organizations) or
Nondepartmental Public Bodies 95
The Role of the Civil Service 95
xiv DETAILED CONTENTS
A CLOSER LOOK 2.10 Civil Servants and Policy Advice 96
The Legislature 96
Composition of Parliament 97
House of Lords 97
House of Commons 98
A CLOSER LOOK 2.11 The House of Lords: Interim Reform 98
Who Becomes an MP? 99
A CLOSER LOOK 2.12 Did I Hear a Word? 99
MPs and Political Parties 100
The Opposition 101
How Important Is the MP? 102
An Assenting Assembly 102
Judges and Politics 103
THINKING CRITICALLY 104
Key Terms 104
Further Readings 105
C. PUBLIC POLICY 106
The Mixed Economy 106
The Decline of Nationalized Industries 107
Economic Planning 108
REVIEW 2.7 Thatcher and Blair Economics 109
The Welfare State 109
Social Security 109
REVIEW 2.8 Economic and Social Policies of the Blair Government,
1997-2002 110
The National Health Service 111
Foreign Affairs 112
From Special Relationship to Ally 112
From Empire to Commonwealth 113
A CLOSER LOOK 2.13 Splitting the Rock 116
Britain and the European Union 116
Conclusion 118
THINKING CRITICALLY 119
Key Terms 119
Abbreviations 119
Further Readings 120
Web Sites 120
CHAPTER3 THE GOVERNMENT OF FRANCE JeanBlondel 123
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 126
History and Society: Traditions and Contradictions in French Politics 126
The Instability of French Politics through the 1960s 126
Social and Economic Development 126
DETAILED CONTENTS xv
The Clash between Liberalism and Authoritarianism 126
Nationalism and Internationalism 127
Centralization and Decentralization 128
A CLOSER LOOK 3.1 French Culture and the French Language 128
The Historical Perspective of French Politics 129
The Revolution of 1789 129
Traditionalists and Liberais in the Nineteenth Century 129
The Napoleonic Tradition 130
Republicanism and Its Elements 131
The Second World War and Its Consequences: The Vichy Regime,
the Resistance, and the Fourth Republic 131
The Fall of the Fourth Republic 131
The Background of the Social Order 132
Peasant Origins 132
Regional Sectionalism and the Influence of Paris 133
Social Class 134
Church and State 135
The Administrative and Cultural Centralization of Modern France 136
THINKING CRITICALLY 137
Key Terms 137
Further Readings 137
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 138
Interest Groups 138
Trade Unions 138
Business Organizations 140
Farmers Organizations 142
Other Groups 142
A CLOSER LOOK 3.2 The Weakness of Protest Groups in France 143
Groups and the Political System 144
The Party System 145
Streamlining the Parties: Gaullists and Socialists 145
The Effect of the Electoral System 146
The Right and Center 146
The Resilience ofthe Center 148
The Extreme Right 149
TheLeft 150
The Spirit ofthe Constitution of 1958 154
De Gaulle and the Constitution ofl958 154
A Hybrid System of Executive Power 154
A CLOSER LOOK 3.3 De Gaulle and Mitterrand 155
President and Government 156
The Formal Powers of the President 156
The Presidential Power of Dissolution 156
Constitutional Amendments and Referendums 156
Emergency Powers 158
Populär Election of the President 158
xvi DETAILED CONTENTS
A CLOSER LOOK 3.4 The Populär Election of the President May Weaken
Political Parties 158
The Government 159
The Role of the Prime Minister 159
The Structure and Composition ofthe Government 160
President, Prime Minister, and Government in the Fifth Republic 161
The Extent of Presidential Intervention 161
The Semipresidential Character of the Fifth Republic 162
Cohabitation 162
The Legislature 163
The Traditional Role of the French Parliament 163
Parliamentary Organization in the Fifth Republic 164
Scope of Legislation 165
The Legislative Struggle 165
Parliamentary Committees 166
The Power ofthe Government to Curb Debate 166
The Vote of Censure 167
The Constitutional Council 168
The New Equilibrium of Powers 168
A CLOSER LOOK 3.5 The Judiciary and Politicians 169
THINKING CRITICALLY 170
Key Terms 170
Further Readings 170
C. PUBLIC POLICY 171
The Organization of the State 171
The Civil Service 171
The Idea of the State 171
The Civil Service and Its Characteristics 172
The Grands Corps 172
The Grandes Ecoles 172
The Role ofthe Grands Corps in the Nation 173
A CLOSER LOOK 3.6 Education: Still Strongly Elitist 173
Civil Service Control 174
Local Government 174
Departement and Commune 175
Regionalism 175
A CLOSER LOOK 3.7 The French Media 176
Economic Intervention and Public Enterprise 176
The Plan 176
The Size of the Public Sector 177
The Move toward Privatization 178
Foreign Policy 178
De Gaulle s Worldwide Policy 178
Pompidou s Greater Realism 178
France s Role in World Affairs 179
France and the European Union 179
DETAILED CONTENTS xvii
Conclusion 180
THINKING CRITICALLY 182
Key Terms 182
Further Readings 183
Web Sites 183
CHAPTER4 THE GOVERNMENT OF GERMANY Donald Kommers
and A. James McAdams 185
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 188
Historical Background: Molding the German Nation 188
The First Reich (800-1806) 188
Napoleon to Bismarck (1806-1871) 189
The Second Reich (1871-1918) 189
The Weimar Republic (1919-1933) 190
The Third Reich (1933-1945) 191
Toward a New Framework of Government 191
The Occupation (1945-1949) 191
Reuniflcation 192
A CLOSER LOOK 4.1 Incompatible Social Realities? 193
Society and Economy 193
Economic Background 193
A CLOSER LOOK 4.2 The Social Market Economy 195
Territory and Population 195
From Bonn to Berlin and In Between 197
Economic and Social Stratification 198
Security and Equality 199
Women, Law, and Society 201
Ethnic Minorities 204
A CLOSER LOOK 4.3 Not Quite a Melting Pot 205
Culture: Social and Civic 205
Education and the Media 205
Religion and the Churches 206
Political Attitudes and Participation 207
Politics and Literature: A Footnote 209
Conclusion 210
THINKING CRITICALLY 210
Key Terms 210
Further Readings 211
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 212
Political Parties 212
Christian Democrats 212
Social Democrats 213
Free Democrats 214
Splinter Parties 215
xviii DETAILED CONTENTS
Greens 215
Party of Democratic Socialism 216
A CLOSER LOOK 4.4 The PDS Takes Root 216
Party Organization 217
Party Finance 217
Interest Groups 219
Citizen Initiatives (Bürgerinitiativen) 220
Major Interest Aggregations 220
Electoral Politics 222
The Electoral System 222
Split-Ticket Voting 224
Candidate Selection 224
Campaign Styles and Techniques 224
German Politics in Transition 225
The Postwar Years to Reunification 225
A Change of Government 227
Policy-Making Institutions 229
The Federal President 229
The Federal Government 231
REVIEW 4.1 The Basic Law: Selected Basic Rights 231
The Bundestag: Legislative Brauch 234
The Law-Making Process 236
Federalism and Bureaucracy 236
The Bundesrat 237
An Emerging Instrument of Opposition 238
The Legal System and the Judiciary 239
THINKING CRITICALLY 241
Key Terms 241
Further Readings 242
C. PUBLIC POLICY 243
Civil Liberties: An Ordering of Constitutional Values 243
A CLOSER LOOK 4.5 Article 65 of the Basic Law—The Chancellor 243
Asylum and Citizenship 244
Public Administration: Decentralized Federalism 246
Social and Economic Policy 246
Fiscal Policy 246
General Economic Policy 247
A CLOSER LOOK 4.6 Germany s Social Code 249
Social Welfare Policy 249
Summary 250
Foreign Policy, National Unity, and the Road to Normalcy 250
Resolving the German Problem 250
Gorbachev and Glasnost 251
The Progress and Politics of German Unity 252
A CLOSER LOOK 4.7 An Indivisible Nation 252
DETAILED CONTENTS xix
REVIEW 4.2 The Patii to German Unity 254
Post-Unification Foreign Policy 256
A CLOSER LOOK 4.8 Foreign Policy: A Special Responsibility to History 257
Conclusion 258
THINKING CRITICALLY 258
Key Terms 258
Further Readings 258
WebSites 259
CHAPTER5 THE GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN Theodore McNelly 261
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 264
Distinctive Characteristics of Politics in Japan 264
The Land and the People 264
Prehistory 265
Chinese Influence 266
Feudalism 266
The Tokugawa Regime 267
The Imperial Restoration 267
The Imperial Constitution 268
Taisho Democracy 269
The Rise of Militarism 269
The Allied Occupation 270
Democratization 270
The Democratic Constitution 271
A CLOSER LOOK 5.1 Women in Japanese Politics 272
Populär Acceptance of the Democratic Constitution 273
The Return of Independence 273
The Emperor System Today 274
Hirohito 274
The Imperial Family 275
A Modern Monarchy 275
The Bürden of History 276
Minorities 276
Religion 277
THINKING CRITICALLY 278
Key Terms 278
Further Readings 278
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 280
Political Parties in Modern Japan 280
The Electoral System for the Lower House 280
Problems with the Single Nontransferable Vote System 282
Electoral Reform for the Lower House 282
xx DETAILED CONTENTS
Upper House Elections 284
The Liberal Democratic Party 286
Factions in the EDP 286
Scandals 287
The Splintering of the EDP 288
The New EDP Hegemony 289
Koizumi 291
The Social Democratic Party of Japan 292
Murayama s Coalition Cabinet 293
Decline of the SPDJ 294
The Democratic Socialists 294
The Communists 294
The Komeito 295
The Democratic Party of Japan 296
The Liberal Party 296
TheDiet 297
The Legislative Process 297
The Cabinet 299
Responsible Government 299
A CLOSER LOOK 5.2 Automatic Approval of Treaties 299
The Prime Minister 300
REVIEW 5.1 Parliamentary Democracy According to the Japanese Constitution 300
REVIEW 5.2 Japan s Prime Ministers, 1945-2001 301
Cabinet Ministers 302
The Koizumi Cabinet 302
Dissolutions 303
The Bureaucracy 304
The Courts 304
Judicial Review 304
Article9 304
Local Government 305
THINKING CRITICALLY 306
Key Terms 306
Further Readings 307
C. PUBLIC POLICY 308
The Japanese Economy 308
The Economic Miracle 308
The Korean War Boom 308
Government Involvement 309
Globalization 309
The Structure of the Japanese Economy 310
The Collapse of the Bubble Economy 310
Reform and Privatization 311
DETAILED CONTENTS xxi
The Welfare State 312
Education 312
Higher Education 313
Foreign Policy 313
Alignment with the United States 313
Relations with Russia 314
Relations with the Two Chinas 315
Relations with the Two Koreas 317
The United Nations 317
National Defense 318
Article9 318
The Self-Defense Forces 318
The Mission ofthe Self-Defense Forces 319
Nuclear Nonproliferation 320
Military Technology 320
The War against Terrorism 321
THINKING CRITICALLY 321
Key Terms 322
Further Readings 322
Web Sites 322
CHAPTER6 THE EUROPEAN UNION MichaelCurtis 325
Historical Background 327
A United States of Europe? 328
European Goal and Steel Community 329
REVIEW 6.1 Key Terms in European Integration 330
The European Economic Community 331
A CLOSER LOOK 6.1 The Council of Europe 331
REVIEW 6.2 The Single European Act (SEA) 332
The Maastricht Treaty 332
A CLOSER LOOK 6.2 The European Economic Area (EEA) 332
REVIEW 6.3 Major Features of Maastricht 333
The Basic Structure ofthe European Union 333
REVIEW 6.4 Key Events in European Integration 335
A CLOSER LOOK 6.3 The European Communities and the EU 336
EU Financial Structure 337
The Institutions of the EU 339
The European Commission 339
A CLOSER LOOK 6.4 Romano Prodi—President of the European Commission 339
The Council of Ministers 341
Other Executive Bodies 342
The European Parliament 343
A CLOSER LOOK 6.5 Who Makes EU Policy? 344
xxii DETAILED CONTENTS
The Court of Justice 345
Other Agencies 346
The Single or Common Market 346
EU Policy Issues 346
A Common Currency 346
REVIEW 6.5 A Tale of Seven Cities 348
Security and Defense 348
A CLOSER LOOK 6.6 No More Franc, No More Lira—Now the Euro 349
Justice and Home Affairs 349
Common Agricultural Policy 350
REVIEW 6.6 Major Features of the European Union 350
Foreign Affairs 351
Trade 351
Diplomatie Relations and Development Programs 351
A CLOSER LOOK 6.7 Central and Eastern Europe 351
The EU s Future 352
THINKING CRITICALLY 354
Key Terms 354
Further Readings 355
Web Sites 355
Palt 2 COMMUNIST AND POST-COMMUNIST SYSTEMS
chapter 7 THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Roger E. Kanet and John S. Reshetar Jr. 357
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 360
A CLOSER LOOK 7.1 Vladimir Putin 361
The Political Setting 361
The Soviet Legacy 362
The Imperial Legacy 364
The Price of Empire 364
A CLOSER LOOK 7.2 Solzhenitsyn on the Burdens of Empire 365
The Geographie Setting 365
The People 366
Nationalities 366
Social Classes 370
Russian Political Values and Soviet Political Culture 373
Key Russian Syndromes 374
Centralized Power and Absolutist Rule 374
Truth Seeking 376
Resistance, Sectarianism, and Anarchy 377
Alienation of the Intelligentsia 377
DETAILED CONTENTS xxiii
Russia s Identity 378
Pretense and Mendacity 378
Psychocultural Theories 379
Leninism—The Russian Version of Marxism 380
Tenets of Leninism 380
Relevance of Marxism-Leninism 382
Leninism in Retreat 382
THINKING CRITICALLY 383
Key Terms 384
Further Readings 384
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 385
Party Leadership 386
The Failed Model 389
The Partocracy 389
The Reckoning 390
Gorbachev: Reformer in Spite of Himself 390
Contradictions in the Reform Process 392
Gorbachev s Errors and Failures 393
Success in Failure 395
The New Office of President 396
The Rise of Boris Yeltsin 397
The August 1991 Coup 399
The End of the Soviet Union 401
REVIEW 7.1 The Decline of Empire 403
Building the Russian Federation 404
A CLOSER LOOK 7.3 Renaming the USSR 404
Nation Building in the Russian Federation and the CIS 405
Democratization and Political Institution Building 409
A CLOSER LOOK 7.4 Russian Governmental Institutions 413
REVIEW 7.2 Key Political Figures in Russia 416
Toward a Market Economy 418
Toward the Future 422
THINKING CRITICALLY 423
Key Terms 423
Further Readings 423
C. PUBLIC POLICY 426
Public Policy in the Soviet Union 426
The Soviet View of International Relations 427
Strategie Retreat: From Superpower to Supplicant 428
Coordination of Foreign and Domestic Policies 429
Building a New Public Policy 432
Russian Foreign Policy 433
xxiv DETAILED CONTENTS
Russian Domestic Policy 441
Toward the Future 444
THINKING CRITICALLY 445
Key Terms 445
Further Readings 445
Web Sites 446
CHAPTER8 THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA JosephFewsmith 449
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 452
The Decline of Imperial China 453
The Self-Strengthening Movement 454
Toward Social and National Revolution 455
Nationalist Revolution 455
Mass Nationalism 455
The Nationalist and Communist Revolutions 456
Rural Revolution 456
Mao Zedong Thought 457
Consolidation and Radicalization 459
Political Factors 460
The Great Leap Forward 461
The Cultural Revolution 462
China under Reform 462
THINKING CRITICALLY 464
Key Terms 464
Further Readings 465
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 466
The Party 466
Historical Legacy 466
Organization 467
Central Military Commission 470
Locol Party Organizations 471
The State 471
State Council, Ministries, and Commissions 471
REVIEW 8.1 Key Abbreviations in Chinese Politics 472
Party Control of the State 472
The National People s Congress 4 73
The Emergence of Economic Reform 473
Rural Reform 475
Industrial Reform 476
The Politics of Economic Reform 477
Opening to the Outside World 478
A CLOSER LOOK 8.2 How Wealthy Is China? 480
Political and Social Tensions 480
Tiananmen 482
DETAILED CONTENTS xxv
The Post-Tiananmen Era 484
THINKING CRITICALLY 486
Key Terms 486
Further Readings 487
C. PUBLIC POLICY 488
A CLOSER LOOK 8.3 Tension in the Taiwan Straits 488
Pressures for Political Change 489
Generational Change 489
State-Society Relations 490
Village Democracy 492
Globalization 494
Ethnic Conflict and Human Rights 496
THINKING CRITICALLY 498
Key Terms 498
Further Readings 498
Web Sites 499
Pait 3 DEVELOPINC COUNTRIES
chapter9 GOVERNMENTS OF THE MIDDLE EAST Michael Curtis 501
Historical Background 503
A CLOSER LOOK 9.1 A League of Nations Mandate 503
REVIEW 9.1 Organization of the Islamic Conference 504
The Role of Religion 508
A CLOSER LOOK 9.2 The Kurds 509
REVIEW 9.2 The League of Arab States 510
Historical Divisions 511
Political Divisions 513
Democratic States 513
Partly Democratic States 516
Authoritarian but Not Dictatorial States 517
Authoritarian States or Dictatorships 519
Monarchies with Limited Consultation 521
A CLOSER LOOK 9.3 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 522
A CLOSER LOOK 9.4 Gulf Cooperation Council 523
Monarchies with Representative Elements 523
Theocracy 524
The Arab-Israeli Conflict and the Peace Process 525
Regional Issues 527
The Arab Human Development Report 2002 530
Population 531
Health 532
xxvi DETAILED CONTENTS
Education and Knowledge 533
Economics 533
Women s Empowerment 533
Politics 533
THINKING CRITICALLY 534
Key Terms 534
Further Readings 535
WebSites 535
CHAPTER 10 THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA BernardE. Brown 537
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 540
Traditional Society in India 541
The Impact of British Rule 543
Toward Independence 547
REVIEW 10.1 Key Events in the History of India before Independence 551
THINKING CRITICALLY 551
Key Terms 552
Further Readings 552
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 553
Interest Groups 553
Voting 553
Election Results and Party System 556
Domination by the Congress Party 557
The Center Does Not Hold 557
The Center Holds—For Now 560
The Major Parties 561
The Congress Party 561
The Janata Party 564
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJPJ 565
The Communist Parties of India 567
Regional Parties 568
Evolution of the Party System 569
The Constitution of India 569
The President and Vice President 573
REVIEW 10.2 Presidents of India 573
The Parliament 574
The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers 575
REVIEW 10.3 Prime Ministers of India 576
The Supreme Court 578
A CLOSER LOOK 10.1 Structure of Government in India 578
The Bureaucracy 579
DETAILED CONTENTS xxvii
THINKING CRITICALLY 580
Key Terms 580
Further Readings 580
C. PUBLIC POLICY 581
Modernization: A Balance Sheet 581
Modernization and Democracy 587
Foreign Affairs 588
Mainsprings oflndian Foreign Policy 588
THINKING CRITICALLY 592
Key Terms 592
Further Readings 592
Web Sites 593
CHAPTER 11 THE GOVERNMENT OF MEXICO Martin C. Needler 595
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 598
Historical Summary to 1910 599
The Mexican Revolution: The Early Years 601
REVIEW 11.1 Presidents of Mexico 603
The Cardenas Era 604
The Era of Stable Development 605
The System Enters Permanent Crisis 607
THINKING CRITICALLY 611
Key Terms 611
Further Readings 611
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 612
The Single-Party System 612
Major Features of the Single-Party System 613
Economic and Social Changes during the Single-Party Years 614
A CLOSER LOOK 11.1 Political and Social Issues of Women in Mexico 615
How the System Evolved, Struggled to Survive, and Failed 615
A CLOSER LOOK 11.2 Corruption and Abuse of Power in Mexico 617
Interest Groups 619
Political Parties 620
Voting and Elections 621
Constitutional Structure and Norms 623
State and Local Government 624
The President and the Presidency 625
THINKING CRITICALLY 628
xxviii DETAILED CONTENTS
Key Terms 628
Further Readings 628
C. PUBLIC POLICY 629
Agriculture and Land Reform 629
General Economic Policy 631
A CLOSER LOOK 11.3 The North American Free Trade Area 632
Foreign Debt and Income Distritution 633
The Mexican Oil Industry 634
Oil Policy 635
Foreign Policy 636
Conclusion 638
THINKING CRITICALLY 638
Key Terms 639
Further Readings 639
Web Sites 639
CHAPTER 12 THE GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIA Stephen Wright 641
A. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 644
A CLOSER LOOK 12.1 The 1991-1993 Census 645
Historical Influences on Political Development 646
British Colonial Rule 647
The First Republic, 1960-1966 648
Military Government, 1966-1979 649
Returning to Civilian Rule 650
The Second Republic, 1979-1983 650
Military Government and Transition Programs, 1984-1999 651
The Fourth Republic 652
Societal Agendas 653
A National Identity 653
Religious Tolerance 654
Political Economy 656
A CLOSER LOOK 12.2 A Nigerian Development Model? 657
Socialization and Gender 657
THINKING CRITICALLY 658
Key Terms 658
Further Readings 658
B. POLITICAL PROCESSES AND INSTITUTIONS 659
Civilian Elite 659
Military Leadership 661
DETAILED CONTENTS xxix
A CLOSER LOOK 12.3 The Civil War 662
The First Republic, 1960-1966 663
Political Parties 663
Elections 664
Institutions of the First Republic 665
The President 665
The Prime Minister 665
The House of Representatives 665
The Senate 666
Regional Houses ofAssembly 666
Military Government, 1966-1979 666
Institutions of Military Governments 667
The Second Republic, 1979-1983 667
Political Parties 667
The 1979 Elections 669
The 1983 Elections 669
Institutions of the Second Republic 669
The 1979 Constitution 670
The President 670
The National Assembly 671
State Governments 671
Military Governments, 1984-1999 671
Babangida s Government 672
A CLOSER LOOK 12.4 Open Ballot Elections 674
Abacha andAbubakar 674
The Fourth Republic 675
Political Parties 675
The 1999 Elections 676
Government Policies 676
Judiciary and Legal Rights 677
Local Government 678
Interest Groups 678
Civil Society Groups 678
Business Groups 679
Labor Unions 679
The Media 680
Religious Groups 680
Universities 681
THINKING CRITICALLY 681
Key Terms 681
Further Readings 682
C. PUBLIC POLICY 683
The Economy 683
Oil Bonanza 684
Oil Bust: Rethinking Development Priorities 685
xxx DETAILED CONTENTS
Revenue Allocation 687
A CLOSER LOOK 12.5 The Environment 688
Foreign Policy 689
The 1960s 689
A CLOSER LOOK 12.6 The Case of Ogoniland 690
A CLOSER LOOK 12.7 Nigeria and ECOWAS 691
The 1970s 691
The 1980s 692
The 1990s 692
The 2000s 693
Conclusion 694
THINKING CRITICALLY 694
Key Terms 694
Further Readings 694
WebSites 695
chapter 13 CONCLUSION 697
The Larger Questions on the Agenda of Humanity 697
Credits 701
Index 703
|
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| spelling | Introduction to comparative government Michael Curtis, general ed. Jean Blondel ... 5. ed. New York ; Munich [u.a.] Longman 2003 XXXIII, 734 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Comparative government Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4137685-7 gnd rswk-swf Systemvergleich (DE-588)4058813-0 gnd rswk-swf Vergleichende Regierungslehre (DE-588)4187735-4 gnd rswk-swf Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 s Systemvergleich (DE-588)4058813-0 s DE-604 Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4137685-7 s 2\p DE-604 Vergleichende Regierungslehre (DE-588)4187735-4 s 3\p DE-604 Curtis, Michael Sonstige oth Blondel, Jean 1929-2022 Sonstige (DE-588)119254662 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010312627&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 3\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Introduction to comparative government Comparative government Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4137685-7 gnd Systemvergleich (DE-588)4058813-0 gnd Vergleichende Regierungslehre (DE-588)4187735-4 gnd Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4137685-7 (DE-588)4058813-0 (DE-588)4187735-4 (DE-588)4046584-6 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Introduction to comparative government |
| title_auth | Introduction to comparative government |
| title_exact_search | Introduction to comparative government |
| title_full | Introduction to comparative government Michael Curtis, general ed. Jean Blondel ... |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to comparative government Michael Curtis, general ed. Jean Blondel ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to comparative government Michael Curtis, general ed. Jean Blondel ... |
| title_short | Introduction to comparative government |
| title_sort | introduction to comparative government |
| topic | Comparative government Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4137685-7 gnd Systemvergleich (DE-588)4058813-0 gnd Vergleichende Regierungslehre (DE-588)4187735-4 gnd Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Comparative government Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft Systemvergleich Vergleichende Regierungslehre Politisches System Einführung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010312627&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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