Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany: research report 20022233
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
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Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin
Umweltbundesamt
2002
|
Schriftenreihe: | Texte / Umweltbundesamt
2002,55 Environmental research of the Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 137 - 151. - Dt. Ausg. u.d.T.: Schwermetalleinträge in die Oberflächengewässer Deutschlands |
Beschreibung: | IX, 164 S. graph. Darst., Kt. : 30 cm |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany |b research report 20022233 |c Umweltbundesamt. [Inst. involved Institute for Aquatic Environmental Engineering, University Karlsruhe ; Forschungszentrum Umwelt]. By Stephan Fuchs ... [Ed. by: Section II 3.2] |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Titel: Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany
Autor: Fuchs, Stephan
Jahr: 2002
I
Summary.............................................................................................................................................1
PARTI INTRODUCTION............................................................................4
1 Motive and objective of the project....................................................................................4
PART II MATERIAL AND METHODS........................................................8
2 Calculation approaches for the emission method..............................................................8
2.1 Point sources.................................................................................................................... 10
2.1.1 Municipal wastewater treatment plants..................................................................10
2.1.2 Direct industrial discharges....................................................................................11
2.1.3 Historic mining activities.......................................................................................12
2.2 Diffuse pathways.............................................................................................................12
2.2.1 Direct input on the water surface by atmospheric deposition................................13
2.2.2 Seepage on farmyards and spraydrift.....................................................................13
2.2.3 Runoff from unpaved areas....................................................................................14
2.2.4 Erosion...................................................................................................................14
2.2.5 Drainages...............................................................................................................15
2.2.6 Groundwater..........................................................................................................16
2.2.7 Urban areas: Sewer systems and not connected inhabitants.........................:........16
2.2.7.1 Separate sewer systems.....................................................................................16
2.2.7.2 Combined sewer systems..................................................................................17
2.2.7.3 Sewers not connected to wastewater treatment plants.......................................18
2.2.7.4 Not connected households.................................................................................18
2.2.8 Shipping.................................................................................................................19
3 Heavy metals.......................................................................................................................20
3.1 Heavy metal inputs via point sources..............................................................................20
3.1.1 Municipal wastewater treatment plants..................................................................20
3.1.2 Direct industrial discharges....................................................................................29
3.1.3 Contaminated sites of historic mining activities....................................................30
3.2 Heavy metal input via diffuse sources.............................................................................33
3.2.1 Direct input on water surface areas via atmospheric deposition............................33
3.2.2 Seepage on farmyards and spraydrift.....................................................................36
3.2.3 Runoff from unpaved areas...................................................................................40
3.2.4 Erosion.................................................................;.................................................42
3.2.5 Drainages..............................................................................................................,49
3.2.6 Groundwater..........................................................................................................50
3.2.7 Urban areas: Sewer systems and not connected inhabitants..................................53
3.2.7.1 Separate sewer systems.....................................................................................58
3.2.7.2 Combined sewer systems..................................................................................59
3.2.7.3 Sewer systems not connected to wastewater treatment plants...........................61
II
3.2.7.4 Not connected households.................................................................................61
3.2.8 Shipping.................................................................................................................62
4 Lindane (y-HCH)................................................................................................................63
4.1 Characteristics and application of lindane.......................................................................63
4.1.1 Behaviour of lindane in the environment...............................................................63
4.1.2 Extent of use, production.......................................................................................64
4.1.3 Applied masses......................................................................................................65
4.2 Lindane input into surface waters....................................................................................68
4.2.1 Lindane input via point sources.............................................................................69
4.2.1.1 Municipal wastewater treatment plants.............................................................69
4.2.1.2 Direct industrial discharges...............................................................................70
4.2.2 Lindane emissions via diffuse sources...................................................................70
4.2.2.1 Atmospheric deposition on the water surface...................................................70
4.2.2.2 Seepage on farmyards and spraydrift................................................................72
4.2.2.3 Runoff from unpaved areas...............................................................................72
4.2.2.4 Erosion..............................................................................................................73
4.2.2.5 Drainages..........................................................................................................74
4.2.2.6 Groundwater......................................................................................................75
4.2.2.7 Urban areas: Sewer systems and not connected inhabitants..............................75
5 Immission and retention....................................................................................................77
5.1 Calculation of the loads of rivers.....................................................................................77
5.2 Retention within the river system....................................................................................78
5.3 Immission analysis for the estimation of load shares from point and diffuse sources.....80
PART III RESULTS..................................................................................83
6 Emissions of heavy metals into German river basins......................................................83
6.1 Overview of the emissions..............................................................................................83
6.2 Heavy metal emissions from point sources...................................................................102
6.2.1 Heavy metal emissions from municipal wastewater treatment plants..................102
6.2.2 Heavy metal emissions from direct industrial discharges....................................106
6.2.3 Heavy metal emissions from historic mining activities.......................................110
6.3 Heavy metal emissions from diffuse sources................................................................Ill
6.3.1 Heavy metal emissions by atmospheric deposition on the water surface.............Ill
6.3.2 Heavy metal emissions via seepage on farmyards and spraydrift........................115
6.3.3 Heavy metal emissions via runoff from unpaved areas.......................................115
6.3.4 Heavy metal emissions via erosion......................................................................116
6.3.5 Heavy metal emissions via drainages..................................................................118
6.3.6 Heavy metal emissions via groundwater inflow..................................................119
6.3.7 Diffuse heavy metal emissions from urban areas.................................................119
6.3.8 Heavy metal emissions originating from shipping activity..................................124
Ill
6.4 Comparison of the calculated heavy metal emissions with the loads measured at the
quality monitoring stations..........................................................................................................125
7 Lindane emissions in the river basins of Germany.......................................................130
7.1 Overview of lindane emissions......................................................................................130
7.2 Comparison of calculated lindane emissions with loads measured at quality monitoring
stations .......................................................................................................................................134
PART IV REFERENCES AND APPENDIX.............................................137
8 References.........................................................................................................................137
9 Appendix...........................................................................................................................152
Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................................164
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physical | IX, 164 S. graph. Darst., Kt. : 30 cm |
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series2 | Texte / Umweltbundesamt Environmental research of the Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety |
spelling | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 Umweltbundesamt. [Inst. involved Institute for Aquatic Environmental Engineering, University Karlsruhe ; Forschungszentrum Umwelt]. By Stephan Fuchs ... [Ed. by: Section II 3.2] Berlin Umweltbundesamt 2002 IX, 164 S. graph. Darst., Kt. : 30 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2002,55 Environmental research of the Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety Literaturverz. S. 137 - 151. - Dt. Ausg. u.d.T.: Schwermetalleinträge in die Oberflächengewässer Deutschlands Oberflächengewässer (DE-588)4172246-2 gnd rswk-swf Schwermetall (DE-588)4053963-5 gnd rswk-swf Schadstoffeintrag (DE-588)4510651-4 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Oberflächengewässer (DE-588)4172246-2 s Schwermetall (DE-588)4053963-5 s Schadstoffeintrag (DE-588)4510651-4 s DE-604 Fuchs, Stephan Sonstige (DE-588)1151840459 oth Universität Karlsruhe (TH) Institut für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft Sonstige (DE-588)2014356-4 oth Umweltbundesamt Texte 2002,55 (DE-604)BV005532599 2002,55 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010292705&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 Oberflächengewässer (DE-588)4172246-2 gnd Schwermetall (DE-588)4053963-5 gnd Schadstoffeintrag (DE-588)4510651-4 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4172246-2 (DE-588)4053963-5 (DE-588)4510651-4 (DE-588)4011882-4 |
title | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 |
title_auth | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 |
title_exact_search | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 |
title_full | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 Umweltbundesamt. [Inst. involved Institute for Aquatic Environmental Engineering, University Karlsruhe ; Forschungszentrum Umwelt]. By Stephan Fuchs ... [Ed. by: Section II 3.2] |
title_fullStr | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 Umweltbundesamt. [Inst. involved Institute for Aquatic Environmental Engineering, University Karlsruhe ; Forschungszentrum Umwelt]. By Stephan Fuchs ... [Ed. by: Section II 3.2] |
title_full_unstemmed | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany research report 20022233 Umweltbundesamt. [Inst. involved Institute for Aquatic Environmental Engineering, University Karlsruhe ; Forschungszentrum Umwelt]. By Stephan Fuchs ... [Ed. by: Section II 3.2] |
title_short | Emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of Germany |
title_sort | emissions of heavy metals and lindane into river basins of germany research report 20022233 |
title_sub | research report 20022233 |
topic | Oberflächengewässer (DE-588)4172246-2 gnd Schwermetall (DE-588)4053963-5 gnd Schadstoffeintrag (DE-588)4510651-4 gnd |
topic_facet | Oberflächengewässer Schwermetall Schadstoffeintrag Deutschland |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010292705&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV005532599 |
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