Pollen biology and biotechnology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Enfield, NH [u.a.]
Science Publ.
2003
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 301 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 1578082412 1578082420 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129722091700224 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Pollen Biology
and
Biotechnology
K R Shivanna
% Science Publishers, Inc
Plymouth, UK Enfield (NH), USA
Contents
Preface
Part 1: Pollen Biology
1 Pollen Development
Differentiation of Anther Layers
Microsporogenesis
Initiation of Meiosis
Synthesis of Macromolecules
Cytoplasmic Reorganization
Syncytium and Isolation
Significance of Cytoplasmic Reorganization and Isolation
Microgametogenesis
Vegetative and Generative Cells
Sperm Cells
Dimorphism of sperm cells and organization of male germ unit
Tapetum
Secretory Tapetum
Plasmodial Tapetum
Tapetal Membrane ~
Role of Tapetum
Supply of nutrients to developing pollen
Breakdown of callose wall around microspore tetrads
Supply of sporopollehin precursors to pollen exine
Supply of pollen coat substances and exine proteins
Gene Expression during Anther Development
Transmission of Pathogens through Pollen
Pollen Maturation and Anther Dehiscence
2 Pollen Morphology and Aeropalynology
Pollen Morphology
Applications
x Pollen Biology and Biotechnology
Petroleum exploration 26
Archaeology 26
Criminology 26
Testing purity of honey 27
Three Domains of Pollen Wall 27
Intine 27
Exine 27
Pollen coat substances 29
Pollen Wall Morphogenesis 29
Control of exine pattern 31
Pollen wall proteins 33
Pollen Analysis 33
Pollen size and shape 33
Compound pollen 36
Polarity 37
Apertures 38
Exine sculpture 39
LO analysis 39
Aeropalynology 40
Allergic Response 41
Diagnostic Tests 43
Allergens 43
Biological Standardization of Allergens 44
3 Pollen Viability and Vigour 45
Pollen Viability 45
Tests for Viability 46
Fruit- and seed-set 46
Pollen germination and pollen tube growth in the pistil 47
Non-vital stains and other tests of limited use 47
Tetrazolium test 47
In-vitro germination test 49
Fluorescein diacetate test 49
Causes for Loss of Viability 50
Loss of membrane integrity- - - 51
Quantitative changes in phospholipids 53
Phase transition and membrane integrity 53
Pollen Vigour 56
Tests for Vigour 56
In-vitro germination 56
Semivivo technique 57
In-vivo pollen germination and pollen tube growth 57
Effects of Environmental Stresses on Pollen Quality 58
4 In-vitro Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth 61
Germination Requirements 61
Hydration 61
Contents xi
Carbohydrate Source 62
Boron 64
Calcium 65
Effects of other Physical and Chemical Factors 66
Phases of Germination and Tube Growth 67
Lag Phase 67
Pollen Tube Emergence 68
Pollen Tube Growth 69
Role of cytoskeleton and calcium in tip growth 70
In-vitro vs in-vivo Tube Growth 72
Release of Metabolites 73
RNA and Protein Synthesis 73
In-vitro Pollen Germination Assay to Study the Effects of Toxic Chemicals 76
5 Pollen Sterility 77
Genie Male Sterility 77
Phenotypic Effects of GMS 77
Structural and Biochemical Changes 78
Hormonal Changes 80
Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod 80
Induction of Pollen Sterility through Recombinant DNA Technology 80
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility 82
Alterations in Mitochondrial Genome 84
Structural and Biochemical Changes 85
Mechanism of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility 87
Environmentally Induced Pollen Sterility 89
Chemically Induced Pollen Sterility 89
6 Pistil 90
Stigma 90
Style 93
Ovule and Embryo Sac 98
7 Pollination 102
Breeding Systems 104
Outbreeding Devices 104
Secondary Pollen Presentation 104
Pollen:Ovule Ratio 105
Modes of Pollination 105
Anemophily 105
Hydrophily 105
Zoophily 106
Evolutionary Significance of Insect Pollination 109
Floral Attractants and Rewards 110
Floral Thermogenicity 111
Pollen Travel and Gene Flow 111
Pollination Postulates 113
xii Pollen Biology and Biotechnology
Pollination Efficiency 113
8 Pollen-Pistil Interaction and Fertilization 114
Significance of pollen-Pistil Interaction 114
Screening for Compatibility 115
Screening for Quality 115
Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity 117
Events on Stigma Surface 118
Pollen Adhesion and Hydration 118
Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Entry into Stigma 119
Pollination Stimulus 120
Pollen Tube Growth through Style 121
Regulation of Pollen Tube Number 124
Internal Geitonogamy 125
Pollen Tube Guidance 125
On Stigma Surface 127
In Ovary 128
Pollen Tube Entry into Ovule and Embryo Sac 130
Double Fertilization 131
Preferential Fertilization 131
Inheritance of Plastids 132
Positional Effect of Ovules 133
In-vitro Pollination and Fertilization 133
In-vitro Pollination 134
Pollination of cultured pistils 134
Pollination of cultured ovules 134
In-vitro Fertilization 137
Applications of in-vitro Pollination and Fertilization 138
9 Self-incompatibility 140
Evolution of SI 140
Homomorphic SI 141
Genetics 141
Cytology 144
Physiological and Biochemical Studies 146
Temporal Expression of SI 148
Operation of SI 149
Characterization of S-allele Products and S-alleles in Pistil 149
Sporophytic systems 149
Gametophytic systems 152
Papaver system 153
S-allele-specific components in pollen 153
Basis of S-allele Specificity 154
Mechanism of Pollen Recognition and Inhibition 154
Heteromorphic SI 158
Dimorphic Systems 158
Trimorphic Systems 163
Contents xiii
Zone of Inhibition 163
Mechanism of Inhibition 165
Passive inhibition 165
Combination of passive and active inhibition 166
10 Interspecific Incompatibility 167
Prefertilization Barriers 167
Unilateral Incompatibility 167
Incongruity/Passive Inhibition 168
Mechanism of Passive Inhibition 170
Post-fertilization Barriers 175
Part II: Pollen Biotechnology
11 Optimization of Crop Yield 181
Enhancing Populations of Native Pollinators through Habitat Management 181
Use of Commercially Managed Pollinators 162
Spraying Pollinator Attractants on Target Crop 183
Introduction of Pollinators _ 184
Supplementary Pollination/Assisted Pollination 184
12 Commercial Production of Hybrid Seeds 186
Use of Genie Male Sterility 187
Vegetative/Micropropagation of F§male Lines 188
Use of Phenefypic Markers 189
Environinental/Hormonal Induction of Male Ferti lffy 189
Use of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility 189
Use of Self-incompatibility 190
Methods to Overeeme SI 191
Selection of Lines with Strong SI Alleles 193
Transfer of SI Alleles to Self-compatible Species 193
Hybrid Seed Production In Monoecious Species 193
Manipulation of i§X=§Xpression for Yield Improvement 194
Use of Pollen Sterility Induced through r-DNA Technology I94
Use of Pollen Sterility Induced through Chemical Hybridizing Agents 194
Proline Analogues 19®
Phenyl Pyfidazones 195
Phenylcinnoline Carboxylates 196
LY 195259 196
MON 21200 196
Potential of Apofinixis in Hybrid Seed TechftOtegy 198
13 Transfer of Useful Genes to Crop Species 199
Use of Pollen for Identifying Plants With Desirable Genes 200
Production of Hybrids 202
Effective Techniques to Overcome Physical Barriers 203
Pollen storage 2®4
Effective Techniques to Overcome Prefertilization Barriers 206
xiv Pollen Biology and Biotechnology
Application of growth substances and other chemicals 207
Use of mentor pollen 208
Stump pollination 208
Stylar grafting 209
Bridge crosses 209
Bud pollination 210
Intraovarian pollination 210
In-vitro pollination of ovules 210
In-vitro fertilization 210
Methods to Overcome Post-fertilization Barriers 211
Multiplication of Hybrids 211
Identification of Hybrids at Seedling Stage 212
Induction of Amphiploidy 212
Handling of Backcross Generations 212
Application of selection pressure to pollen 213
Stabilization of Recombinants 215
Use of Pollen for Genetic Transformation 215
Mature Pollen Grains 216
Microspores and Microspore-derived Embryos 217
14 Induction of Haploids from Pollen Grains 219
Importance of Haploids 219
Production of Homozygous Diploids 219
Recovery of Novel Recombinants 219
Mutation Research 220
Model System to Study Embryogenesis 220
Production of Artificial Seeds and Genetic Transformation 220
Production of Haploids 220
Use of Genetic Lines 220
Chromosome Elimination 221
Culture of Anthers and Microspores 222
Optimal Conditions for Induction of Pollen Embryos 223
Pollen dimorphism 225
Diploidization 225
Developmental Pathways — -- 225
Production of Haploids through Gynogenesis 227
Utilization of Haploids 229
15 Production of Other Economic Products 231
Pollen as Health Food Supplement 231
Pollen as Medicine 231
Pollen Grains/Pollen Allergens for Diagnosis and Therapy 233
Treatment of Pollen Allergy 233
Pollen Calendars 234
References 237
Index 285
|
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| spelling | Shivanna, Kundaranahalli R. Verfasser (DE-588)10431642X aut Pollen biology and biotechnology K.R. Shivanna Enfield, NH [u.a.] Science Publ. 2003 XIV, 301 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pollen Pollen Biotechnology Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 gnd rswk-swf Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd rswk-swf Pollen (DE-588)4046628-0 gnd rswk-swf Pollen (DE-588)4046628-0 s Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 s DE-604 Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010125092&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Shivanna, Kundaranahalli R. Pollen biology and biotechnology Pollen Pollen Biotechnology Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 gnd Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd Pollen (DE-588)4046628-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4069491-4 (DE-588)4006851-1 (DE-588)4046628-0 |
| title | Pollen biology and biotechnology |
| title_auth | Pollen biology and biotechnology |
| title_exact_search | Pollen biology and biotechnology |
| title_full | Pollen biology and biotechnology K.R. Shivanna |
| title_fullStr | Pollen biology and biotechnology K.R. Shivanna |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pollen biology and biotechnology K.R. Shivanna |
| title_short | Pollen biology and biotechnology |
| title_sort | pollen biology and biotechnology |
| topic | Pollen Pollen Biotechnology Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 gnd Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd Pollen (DE-588)4046628-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pollen Pollen Biotechnology Biotechnologie Biologie |
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