Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Eschborn
GTZ
2001
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Schriftenreihe: | Tropenökologisches Begleitprogramm : Tropical forest research
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. 123 - 132 |
Beschreibung: | XII, 162 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. : 21 cm |
ISBN: | 398010673X |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand |c Horst Weyerhäuser. [Publ. by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Im Auftr. des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ)] |
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adam_text | Titel: Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand
Autor: Weyerhäuser, Horst
Jahr: 2001
Content
Contents
Figures.......................................................................................................V
Tables.....................................................................................................VII
Abbreviations....................................................................................VIII
Summary.................................................................................................DC
1 Introduction....................................................................................1
2 Problem statement and research outline............................ 5
2.1 General problem statement...............................................................5
2.2 Research needs................................................................................9
2.3 Aim of research.............................................................................10
3 Review (Utilisation of forest resources in the past
and presence).................................................................................13
3.1 Concessions...................................................................................14
3.2 Plantations.....................................................................................17
3.3 Management systems of the past....................................................19
3.4 Present management systems..........................................................20
3.5 Thai Forestry Master Plan..............................................................21
3.6 Previous inventories.......................................................................22
3.7 Species importance for the regional timber trade.............................23
3.8 Past and present influence by local communities.............................25
4 Choice of research site The Huay Kha Khaeng
(HKK) Wildlife Sanctuary ......................................................27
4.1 Location........................................................................................28
4.2 History of land use in Huay Kha Khaeng........................................29
4.3 Research site..................................................................................30
4.4 The main forest types in the valley..................................................31
Potential of Semi-Natural Management of Deciduous Forests in Thailand
4.5 Geomorphology.............................................................................32
4.6 Climate.........................................................................................32
5 Data assessment of structure and species
composition in mdf and ddf...................................................37
5.1 Methods........................................................................................37
5.1.1 Interpretation of aerial photographs.....................................................37
5.1.2 Research site selection...........................................................................39
5.1.3 Placement of temporary plots................................................................39
5.2 Floristic assessment and forest type stratification............................42
5.2.1 Statistical methods applied for the analysis.........................................42
5.2.2 Assessment of the temporary plots.......................................................44
5.2.3 Resulting dominance-types....................................................................48
5.2.4 Verification via correspondence analysis............................................52
6 Assessment of the research plots..........................................55
6.1 Methods........................................................................................56
6.1.1 Establishment of 5 permanent plots.....................................................56
6.1.2 Establishment of a 2 ha plot in the Mixed Deciduous Forest...........5 7
6.2 Auxiliary data collected in all permanent plots................................58
6.2.1 Fish eye photographs..............................................................................58
6.2.2 Increment assessment via borings........................................................61
6.2.3 Soil Survey...............................................................................................63
6.3 Analysis of the permanent plots......................................................64
6.3.1 Species composition and dominance....................................................64
6.3.2 Natural regeneration and its dynamics in the permanent plots.........66
6.3.3 Distribution of individuals with respect to Social Position...............68
6.3.4 Diameter distribution..............................................................................71
6.3.5 Basal area and increment.......................................................................74
6.3.6 Volume.....................................................................................................76
6.3.7 Crown characteristics and crown projection area...............................76
6.4 Selection of potential crop trees......................................................79
6.4.1 Methods....................................................................................................79
6.4.2 Basal area of the potential crop trees....................................................82
6.5 Discussion.....................................................................................83
Content
6.5.1 Permanent plots and their characteristics.............................................83
6.5.2 Selection and establishment of permanent plots.................................84
6.5.3 Structure and species composition of selected permanent plots.......84
6.5.4 Natural regeneration...............................................................................85
6.5.5 Available light.........................................................................................86
6.5.6 Diameter increment via analysis of bore cores...................................87
6.5.7 Distribution of individuals across the social position.........................88
6.5.8 Diameter distribution of stands.............................................................89
6.5.9 Basal area and volume of stands...........................................................90
6.5.10 Crown characteristics and crown projection of stands.......................91
6.5.11 Distribution of potential crop trees in stands.......................................91
Growth prognosis for the Mixed Deciduous Forest
and silvicultural considerations.........................................93
7.1 Deriving empirical models for future stand assessments..................94
7.2 Development of diameter increment functions.................................97
7.3 Development of height increment functions..................................100
7.4 Restricted prognosis of the growth potential in Mixed
Deciduous Forests........................................................................101
7.5 Growth and yield of potential crop trees........................................103
7.6 Growth and yield of remaining stand (post liberation and
refining)......................................................................................105
Discussion.....................................................................................109
8.1 Comparability of the Huay Kha Khaeng study site........................109
8.1.1 Forest-type delineation and differentiation........................................109
8.1.2 The characteristics of prevailing forest types....................................110
8.1.3 Growth prognosis..................................................................................112
8.2 Silvicultural implications of the study...........................................113
8.3 Necessary preconditions for deciduous forest management in the
region ........................................................................................117
8.4 Research needs............................................................................119
8.4.1 Ecological...............................................................................................119
8.4.2 Methodological......................................................................................119
8.4.3 Silvicultural............................................................................................120
in
Potential of Semi-Natural Management of Deciduous Forests in Thailand
8.5 Final conclusion..........................................................................120
9 Bibliography...............................................................................123
10 Appendix........................................................................................133
10.1 Species list and their respective code (sorted by their CODE)........133
10.2 Growth and Yield of the permanent plots......................................139
10.3 Forest types and their distribution.................................................144
10.3.1 Mixed Deciduous Forests....................................................................147
10.3.2 Deciduous Forests.................................................................................150
10.3.3 Evergreen Forests.................................................................................154
10.3.4 Tropical Rain Forests...........................................................................155
10.3.5 Dry Evergreen Forest...........................................................................156
10.3.6 Hill Evergreen Forest...........................................................................158
10.3.7 Particular Edaphic Forest Formations................................................159
10.3.8 Coniferous Forest..................................................................................162
Figures
Figures
Figure 1: Import of timber to Thailand (1978-99), (RFD, 2000)........................10
Figure 2: Economic importance of species (Production in m3, RFD 1992)
(for species code refer to Appendix 1)...............................................24
Figure 3: Local farmers fake house ..............................................................25
Figure 4: Map of Thailand and the study area Huay Kha Khaeng......................27
Figure 5: Research area at Huay Kha Khaeng, at the Song Thang valley.
View from the southern ridge, with the bordering western ridge.........30
Figure 6: Mean monthly precipitation at Huay Kha Khaeng (1980-95).............33
Figure 7: Annual Precipitation at Huay Kha Khaeng, Thailand
(1980-1995).....................................................................................34
Figure 8: Outline of temporary plot design, representing Baseline 2..................40
Figure 9: Temporary Plot................................................................................41
Figure 10: Species curve over all samples (76 plots).........................................48
Figure 11: Dominance-types as derived from cluster analysis of the data
DBH 5cm....................................................................................49
Figure 12: Group-structure of sample plots as derived from cluster
analysis of the data DBH 5 cm.......................................................50
Figure 13: Position of individual species (horizontal axis = dimension 1,
vertical axis dimension 2); CA of basal-area data for trees 5
cmDBH..........................................................................................51
Figure 14: Position of the 5 permanent plots in relation to all temporary
plots ..............................................................................................53
Figure 15: Permanent plot design.....................................................................57
Figure 16: Hemispherical Photograph, taken in the Mixed Deciduous
Forests.............................................................................................59
Potential of Semi-Natural Management of Deciduous Forests in Thailand
Figure 17: Available amount of light in PP1-5 and the 2ha plot.........................60
Figure 18: Light map of the 2 ha plot...............................................................60
Figure 19: Bore core sample of Shorea obtusa..................................................62
Figure 20: Species distribution in the DDF- plots PP1-3...................................65
Figure 21: Species distribution in the MDF- plots PP4 + 5 and the 2ha plot.......67
Figure 22: Distribution of all individuals across the Social Position..................69
Figure 23: Distribution of main DDF species across the Social Positions...........70
Figure 24: DBH Distribution across all DBH classes........................................72
Figure 25: Crown maps of all plots representing the real crown radii.................78
Figure 26: All individuals of the 2ha plotted by their X and Y coordinate
with appr. 130 potential crop trees across the whole stand.................80
Figure 27: Distribution of Potential Crop Trees-PCT s across the DBH
range ..............................................................................................81
Figure 28: Comparison of the height curves of selected MDF species................97
Figure 29: Diameter increment of selected species............................................99
Figure 30: Changes in stem number diameter distribution in the first
(year) prognosis period..................................................................103
Figure 31: Stem number diameter distribution of removal stand......................105
Figure 32: Mixed Deciduous Forests, picture taken during a helicopter
flight in May 1997.........................................................................149
Figure 33: Cycus siamensis in a fire affected DDF stand................................151
Figure 34: Previously logged and fire affected DDF stand..............................152
VI
Tables
Tables
Table 1: Decrease in Forest Area (Selected Years)..........................................13
Table 2: Timber value of selected species.......................................................24
Table 3: Results of the floristic inventory.......................................................45
Table 4: Relative abundance (%) of the five most abundant species per
diameter group and their presence in other groups.............................46
Table 5: Distribution of all individuals across the DBH-classes,
represented as%/plot......................................................................73
Table 6: Development of the Basal Area from 1995 to 1997...........................74
Table 7: Volume (solid volume over bark) in the permanent plots...................76
Table 8: * Basal area and percentage of individuals represented as potential
crop trees,........................................................................................83
Table 9: Selected species for calculating stand height curves...........................94
Table 10: Results of the non-linear regression fitting the stand height
curves for MDF species....................................................................95
Table 11: Regression results of the increment functions....................................98
Table 12: Volume increment table for the 2ha plot, all individuals..................102
Table 13: Volume increment for the potential crop trees.................................104
Table 14: Volume increment table for the 2ha plot, competition and bad
quality trees removed.....................................................................106
Table 15: Differences in structure and occurrence of DDF and MDF...............111
VII
|
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spelling | Weyerhäuser, Horst Verfasser aut Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand Horst Weyerhäuser. [Publ. by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Im Auftr. des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ)] Eschborn GTZ 2001 XII, 162 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. : 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Tropenökologisches Begleitprogramm : Tropical forest research Literaturverz. S. 123 - 132 Forstliche Planung gtt Laubwald gtt Thailand gtt Waldökosystem gtt Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd rswk-swf Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 gnd rswk-swf Laubwald (DE-588)4166893-5 gnd rswk-swf Thailand (DE-588)4078228-1 gnd rswk-swf Thailand (DE-588)4078228-1 g Laubwald (DE-588)4166893-5 s Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 s Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010015840&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Weyerhäuser, Horst Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand Forstliche Planung gtt Laubwald gtt Thailand gtt Waldökosystem gtt Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 gnd Laubwald (DE-588)4166893-5 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4326464-5 (DE-588)4061655-1 (DE-588)4166893-5 (DE-588)4078228-1 |
title | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand |
title_auth | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand |
title_exact_search | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand |
title_full | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand Horst Weyerhäuser. [Publ. by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Im Auftr. des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ)] |
title_fullStr | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand Horst Weyerhäuser. [Publ. by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Im Auftr. des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ)] |
title_full_unstemmed | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand Horst Weyerhäuser. [Publ. by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Im Auftr. des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ)] |
title_short | Potential of semi-natural management of deciduous forests in Thailand |
title_sort | potential of semi natural management of deciduous forests in thailand |
topic | Forstliche Planung gtt Laubwald gtt Thailand gtt Waldökosystem gtt Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd Umweltverträglichkeit (DE-588)4061655-1 gnd Laubwald (DE-588)4166893-5 gnd |
topic_facet | Forstliche Planung Laubwald Thailand Waldökosystem Nachhaltigkeit Umweltverträglichkeit |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010015840&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT weyerhauserhorst potentialofseminaturalmanagementofdeciduousforestsinthailand |