Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
2002
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Clinics in chest medicine
23,3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII S., S. 529 - 694 Ill., graph. Darst. |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections |c Antonino Catanzaro ... guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 2002 | |
| 300 | |a XII S., S. 529 - 694 |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Clinics in chest medicine |v 23,3 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Infecties |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Longziekten |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Mycobacteria |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lung Diseases |x etiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lungs |x Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mycobacterial diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mycobacterium Infections | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mycobacterium kansasii | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Catanzaro, Antonino |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Clinics in chest medicine |v 23,3 |w (DE-604)BV000001084 |9 23,3 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129572524916736 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface xi
Antonino Catanzaro and Charles L. Daley
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in the Environment 529
Joseph O. Falkinham III
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental opportunistic pathogens of
humans that are found in waters, soil, and aerosols. NTM cause pulmonary, skin, soft tis¬
sue, and disseminated infections. A variety of lung disorders predispose humans to pul¬
monary infection. They are disinfectant and antibiotic resistant and adapted to survival
in both the environment and in infected humans.
Epidemiology of Human Pulmonary Infection with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria 553
Theodore K. Marras and Charles L. Daley
A great deal of study has gone into the assessment of the epidemiology of non¬
tuberculous mycobacteria infection and disease in many different parts of the world.
Review of the available studies provides insight into the frequency of this clinical prob¬
lem as well as important limitations in current data. Study methods have varied greatly,
undoubtedly leading to differing biases. In general, reported rates of infection and
disease are likely underestimates, with the former probably less accurate than the latter,
given that people without significant symptoms are not likely to have intensive investi¬
gations to detect infection.
Pathogenesis of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection 569
Jeffery McGarvey and Luiz E. Bermudez
Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species are being increasing¬
ly identified. Mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium katisasii, Mycobactcrium chckmac,
Mycobacterium fortiiitum, Mycobacterium avium, and Mycobacterium intracellulare are
responsible for the great majority of the infections by NTM. The syndromes associated
with the infection range from chronic localized disease to potentially fatal entities. A few
of the pathogenic mechanisms of M avium and M intracellulare, as well as M kansasii, are
now beginning to be described. This article presents a summary of what is currently
known about pathogenic mechanisms of M kansasii, M chelonae, M avium, and M intra¬
cellulare infections.
VOLUME 23 • NUMBER 3 • SEPTEMBER 2002 v
Laboratory Diagnosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria 585
Akos Somoskovi, Judit Mester, Yvonne M. Hale, Linda M. Parsons,
and Max Salfinger
Mycobacterial diseases continue to be a serious public health problem. Besides
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are being recovered
with increasing frequency from both immunocompromised and immunocompetent
patients. In addition, cases of mycobacterial disease are becoming more difficult to diag¬
nose or treat, especially when drug resistant strains or fastidious NTM are involved.
Laboratory testing for evidence of mycobacterial diseases has experienced many signif¬
icant changes in recent years. Clinicians should use the best available resources to deter¬
mine the most appropriate care for their patients; however, it is a challenge to determine
which laboratory assays for NTM will be most useful. The goal of this article is to sum¬
marize the recent improvements in laboratory diagnosis and susceptibility testing of
NTM in order to provide guidance for the clinician.
Diagnosis, Differentiating Colonization, Infection, and Disease 599
Antonino Catanzaro
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are found commonly in respiratory specimens. In
many clinical laboratories, the majority of mycobacteria recovered from respiratory
samples are NTM. Perhaps this is because NTM are common in the environment. The
water that we drink or shower in often contains NTM; consequently, we often find NTM
in respiratory secretions. The term colonization has been used when NTM are recovered
more than once even though a specific disease cannot be demonstrated. Under these
circumstances, it is never quite clear whether a low grade infection exists or if secretions
are simply contaminated by environmental organisms; however, colonization can be
discerned from infection by focusing on the elements of making the diagnosis of an
NTM related disease, rather than simply finding the organism in respiratory samples.
Radiology of Pulmonary Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Complex 603
David L. Levin
The classic radiographic appearance of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
complex (MAC) is indistinguishable from pulmonary tuberculosis. Atypical radiographic
appearances include bronchiectasis with associated small nodules, and focal masses. In
the immunocompromised patient, there is a wide range of radiographic appearances,
including diffuse parenchymal disease and adenopathy. Normal radiographs also are
common with pulmonary MAC in this patient population.
Management of Disease Due to Mycobacterium Kansasii 613
David E. Griffith
Mycobacterium kansasii presents clinically in a manner most resembling tuberculosis.
Diagnosis is usually not difficult; however, the significance of M kansasii isolates from
some patients may be hard to determine. Usually, the presence of even one respiratory
culture positive for M kansasii is sufficient to make a diagnosis, though few patients can
have single respiratory culture positive for M kansasii without evidence of active
disease. If not started on medication, these patients must be followed closely. Effective
treatment can usually be accomplished with a rifampin based regimen, or a rifabutin
based regimen for HIV seropositive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Short
course and intermittent regimens for treating M kansaii disease show promise but are not
yet recommended for routine use.
vi CONTENTS
Pulmonary Disease Caused by Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria 623
Charles L. Daley and David E. Griffith
The rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) differ from slow growing mycobacteria such
as Mycobacterium tuberculosis by virtue of their more rapid growth in culture media and
their in vitro resistance to standard antituberculosis drugs. The RGM can produce
numerous infections including chronic lung disease. The most common causes of pul¬
monary disease are Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium fortuitum. This article
reviews the management of patients with lung disease caused by RGM.
Medical Management of Pulmonary Disease Caused by Mycobacterium
Avium Complex 633
Michael D. Iseman
The current medical therapy for Mycobacterium avium complex is controversial.
American Thoracic Society recommendations advocate empiric therapy with drug
susceptibility testing only for clarithromycin. At National Jewish, where we mainly see
cases complicated by treatment failure and drug intolerance, we use in vitro suscepti¬
bility testing and therapeutic drug monitoring to optimize efficacy and reduce toxicity.
Mycobacterium Avium Complex Pulmonary Disease in Patients with
Pre existing Lung Disease 643
Timothy R. Aksamit
Patients with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC PD) and
pre existing lung disease represent a distinct subgroup of MAC PD patients from the
more common and recently recognized group of predominantly middle to older aged
women without pre existing lung disease. Those with pre existing disease are expected
to have more sputum positivity and slower conversion of sputum with treatment, and
they may require combined medical treatment with surgical resection for optimal
results. Attention to bronchial hygiene, avoidance of unnecessary use of macrolides,
and treatment of underlying esophageal and lung disease can result in marked symp¬
tomatic improvement in many cases. Appropriate consideration must be given to
mycobacterial antibiotic treatment, and awareness must be maintained for other
processes such as bronchogenic cancer in select groups of high risk patients.
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in the Setting of Cystic Fibrosis 655
Deborah L. Ebert and Kenneth N. Olivier
The diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease can be difficult to
make in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, who have chronic pulmonary infections and
underlying lung disease. Current diagnosis and treatment guidelines for NTM pul¬
monary disease are based on data from non CF patients. The authors review both the
CF and non CF literature and offer recommendations specific to this population.
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in the HIV Infected Patient 665
Denis Jones and Diane V. Havlir
In this article, we address the changing epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria
(NTM), new approaches to prophylaxis and treatment, and the newly described
immune reconsititution syndrome associated with NTM.
CONTENTS vii
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Women, Young and Old 675
Worakij Chalermskulrat, Jack G Gilbey, and James F. Donohue
The spectrum of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease has been increas¬
ingly appreciated in patients without predisposing factors, especially in middle aged
to elderly women, and termed Lady Windermere syndrome. The awareness and
understanding by physicians of this entity has been limited. Recent studies have
revealed distinct anatomic and physiologic abnormalities, and they have set off
the understanding of its immunopathogenesis. A less common manifestation of
pulmonary disease caused by NTM, hot tub Mycobacterium avium complex, more often
occurs in younger women and also is discussed here.
Index 687
viii CONTENTS
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| physical | XII S., S. 529 - 694 Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections Antonino Catanzaro ... guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 2002 XII S., S. 529 - 694 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Clinics in chest medicine 23,3 Infecties gtt Longziekten gtt Mycobacteria gtt Lung Diseases etiology Lungs Diseases Mycobacterial diseases Mycobacterium Infections Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection Mycobacterium kansasii Catanzaro, Antonino Sonstige oth Clinics in chest medicine 23,3 (DE-604)BV000001084 23,3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=010013479&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections Clinics in chest medicine Infecties gtt Longziekten gtt Mycobacteria gtt Lung Diseases etiology Lungs Diseases Mycobacterial diseases Mycobacterium Infections Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection Mycobacterium kansasii |
| title | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections |
| title_auth | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections |
| title_exact_search | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections |
| title_full | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections Antonino Catanzaro ... guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections Antonino Catanzaro ... guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections Antonino Catanzaro ... guest ed. |
| title_short | Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections |
| title_sort | lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections |
| topic | Infecties gtt Longziekten gtt Mycobacteria gtt Lung Diseases etiology Lungs Diseases Mycobacterial diseases Mycobacterium Infections Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection Mycobacterium kansasii |
| topic_facet | Infecties Longziekten Mycobacteria Lung Diseases etiology Lungs Diseases Mycobacterial diseases Mycobacterium Infections Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection Mycobacterium kansasii |
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