Economics for health care management:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Prentice Hall
1998
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xii, 203 p. ill. : 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 0132094614 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Clewer, Ann |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Economics for health care management |c Ann Clewer and David Perkins |
| 264 | 1 | |a London |b Prentice Hall |c 1998 | |
| 300 | |a xii, 203 p. |b ill. : 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Economische analyse |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Gezondheidszorg |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Management |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Santé publique - Administration - Aspect économique |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Santé, Services de - Administration - Aspect économique | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Services de santé - Aspect économique |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Économie de la santé | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Économie de la santé |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gesundheitswesen | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Health services administration -- Economic aspects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Medical economics | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009976319 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129456609034240 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Introduction xi
1. The basic economic questions 1
Introduction 1
1.1 Health care and health 5
What is health? 6
The costs of poor health 6
1.2 Demand for health care 7
1.3 Production of health 7
1.4 Requirements of health services 8
Economy 8
Effectiveness 8
Efficiency 8
Value for money 9
Equity 9
Ethical issues 10
1.5 Health care and economics 10
1.6 Economics and management 12
References 12
Questions for consideration 13
2. Basic economic concepts 15
Introduction 15
2.1 Scarcity and choice 16
2.2 Opportunity cost 17
2.3 Economic choices 17
How are decisions to be made? 18
The best use of resources 21
v
vi ¦ Contents
2.4 Conclusion 23
References 23
Questions for consideration 24
3. Efficiency 25
Introduction 25
3.1 Aspects of efficiency 26
Productive efficiency 26
Technical efficiency 26
Effectiveness and efficiency 27
Allocative efficiency 29
Social efficiency 29
Distribution of output 29
3.2 Efficiency and externalities 31
3.3 Efficiency in health care systems 32
3.4 Measuring efficiency in the NHS 34
3.5 Value for money and efficiency 36
3.6 Summary of efficiency measures 36
Appendix: Calculation of measures of bed utilization 37
References 39
Questions for consideration 40
4. Introduction to demand and supply analysis 42
Introduction 42
4.1 Demand 43
Types of products 43
Assumptions about consumers 43
Factors determining demand 44
4.2 Supply 49
Factors determining supply 50
4.3 Demand and supply in health care 52
4.4 Elasticity 53
Price elasticity of demand 54
Factors affecting the value of the price elasticity of demand 55
Price elasticity and revenue 56
References 58
Questions for consideration 58
5. The determination of price 60
Introduction 60
5.1 The determination of price 60
5.2 The effect of price restrictions 62
Effect of a maximum price 62
Effect of a minimum price 65
Contents ¦ vii
5.3 The effect of changes in the conditions of demand and supply 65
5.4 The price mechanism and the allocation of resources 67
5.5 The determination of prices and the price mechanism in health care 68
References 69
Questions for consideration 69
6. The economic analysis of production 71
Introduction 71
6.1 The production function 71
Examples of the use of production function analysis in health care 72
Example of the use of production functions in social care 72
Average and marginal product 73
The short run in economic analysis 73
The law of diminishing marginal returns 74
The long run in economic analysis 76
Substitutability of inputs 76
Varying the skill mix 79
6.2 Returns to scale 80
6.3 Measurement of output in health care 81
Average and marginal product 82
Returns to scale 83
Substitution of inputs 83
References 84
Questions for consideration 84
7. The economic analysis of costs 85
Introduction 85
7.1 The classification of costs 85
Fixed costs 85
Variable costs 86
Semi variable costs 86
7.2 Direct and indirect costs 87
7.3 Allocation of indirect costs 87
7.4 Total, average and marginal cost 88
7.5 Short run cost curves 89
The total cost curve 89
Total fixed costs and marginal cost 89
The average cost curves 91
Average cost and marginal cost 91
7.6 Marginal cost and decision making 94
Costs and pricing 97
7.7 Long run costs 99
Economies of scale 99
The long run average cost curve 100
viii ¦ Contents
Economies of scope 1°2
7.8 Other cost concepts 103
Sunk costs 103
Incremental costs 103
Historical costs 1°3
7.9 Estimating cost functions 104
References 104
Questions for consideration 105
8. Marginal analysis 107
Introduction 1°7
8.1 Marginal analysis and efficiency 108
8.2 Marginal analysis and revenue maximization 111
Total, average and marginal revenue 111
8.3 Marginal analysis and employment 11
8.4 Marginal analysis and profit maximization 114
8.5 Marginal analysis and maximization of output subject to a minimum
profit constraint 114
8.6 Marginal analysis and isoquants 11^
The marginal rate of technical substitution (MRTS) 116
8.7 Marginal analysis and the optimal combination of outputs 11?
Summary of chapter results 11 ^
References 11
9. Market structures 120
Introduction 120
9.1 Market structures 121
Buyers and sellers 121
Product 121
Information 122
Barriers to entry and exit 122
9.2 Types of market structure 123
Perfect competition 123
Monopoly 124
Monopolistic competition 12^
Monopsony 1
Bilateral monopoly 12^
Oligopoly 127
9.3 Quasi markets 127
Efficiency 127
Responsiveness 127
Choice 128
Equity 128
9.4 Market failure 128
Contents :|I ix
Market structure 128
Information problems 131
Transaction costs and uncertainty 132
Objectives 133
Externalities 133
Mobility of factors of production 133
9.5 Markets and hierarchies 133
9.6 Transaction cost economics 134
The nature of transaction costs 134
The assumptions of transaction cost economics 134
Dimensions of transactions 135
Market or organization? 135
9.7 Contracts 136
Types of contract 136
Forms of contract in the health service 137
Features of types of contract 138
References 139
Questions for consideration 140
10. The firm and its objectives 142
Introduction 142
10.1 Alternatives to profit maximization as an objective of the firm 143
10.2 Hospital objectives 144
10.3 Other health care providers 147
References 149
11. Measurement and valuation in health care 150
Introduction 150
11.1 Health status measurement 151
11.2 Scales of measurement 151
Ordinal scales 152
Cardinal scales 152
Measures of health status 153
11.3 Health profiles 154
Nottingham health profile 154
11.4 Valuation in health care 155
11.5 Attempts to identify shared values 156
Quality adjusted life years 156
11.6 Matrix of illness state ratings 157
Making decisions about treatment 160
Common values 161
References 162
Questions for consideration 163
x ft Contents
12. Financial analysis and economic appraisal 166
Introduction 166
12.1 Decision rules in financial analysis 167
Net present value 167
The net benefit investment ratio 168
The internal rate of return !68
The benefit cost ratio 169
12.2 Economic appraisal 1^9
Types of analysis 1
12.3 Why not leave it to the market? 170
Social efficiency 171
Measuring benefits in money terms 172
Time preference and discounting 173
Risk and uncertainty 174
Aggregation and equity 176
12.4 The stages of economic appraisal 176
The choice of a project 177
References 181
Questions for consideration 181
13. Financing health care 182
Introduction 182
13.1 Patterns of health service financing ^3
13.2 National patterns of health care 186
Tax finance 186
Compulsory social insurance 18^
Private insurance based schemes 188
13.3 Financing patterns and the key economic questions 189
What services should be provided? 189
How should goods and services be provided? 190
Who should receive goods and services 191
13.4 Key objectives of health care reform 192
Cost control 192
Equity 193
Provider efficiency 194
Appendix: Health financing 195
Levels of health expenditure 195
Increasing health expenditure/cost control comparisons 195
References 196
Review exercises 198
Index 199
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:05:26Z |
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| isbn | 0132094614 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Clewer, Ann Verfasser aut Economics for health care management Ann Clewer and David Perkins London Prentice Hall 1998 xii, 203 p. ill. : 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Economische analyse gtt Gezondheidszorg gtt Management gtt Santé publique - Administration - Aspect économique ram Santé, Services de - Administration - Aspect économique Services de santé - Aspect économique ram Économie de la santé Économie de la santé ram Gesundheitswesen Health services administration -- Economic aspects Medical economics Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 gnd rswk-swf Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd rswk-swf Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 s Management (DE-588)4037278-9 s DE-604 Perkins, David A. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009976319&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Clewer, Ann Economics for health care management Economische analyse gtt Gezondheidszorg gtt Management gtt Santé publique - Administration - Aspect économique ram Santé, Services de - Administration - Aspect économique Services de santé - Aspect économique ram Économie de la santé Économie de la santé ram Gesundheitswesen Health services administration -- Economic aspects Medical economics Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 gnd Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020775-4 (DE-588)4037278-9 |
| title | Economics for health care management |
| title_auth | Economics for health care management |
| title_exact_search | Economics for health care management |
| title_full | Economics for health care management Ann Clewer and David Perkins |
| title_fullStr | Economics for health care management Ann Clewer and David Perkins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Economics for health care management Ann Clewer and David Perkins |
| title_short | Economics for health care management |
| title_sort | economics for health care management |
| topic | Economische analyse gtt Gezondheidszorg gtt Management gtt Santé publique - Administration - Aspect économique ram Santé, Services de - Administration - Aspect économique Services de santé - Aspect économique ram Économie de la santé Économie de la santé ram Gesundheitswesen Health services administration -- Economic aspects Medical economics Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 gnd Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Economische analyse Gezondheidszorg Management Santé publique - Administration - Aspect économique Santé, Services de - Administration - Aspect économique Services de santé - Aspect économique Économie de la santé Gesundheitswesen Health services administration -- Economic aspects Medical economics |
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