Verfügbarkeit: Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean

Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean: recent and past

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Lisicyn, Aleksandr Petrovič 1923- (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English Russian
Veröffentlicht:	Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Pa Springer 2002
Schlagworte:	Géologie sous-marine Sédiments marins Varves Marine sediments Submarine geology Glaziomarine Sedimentation
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	VI, 563 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
ISBN:	3540679650

Internformat

MARC


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100	1		\|a Lisicyn, Aleksandr Petrovič \|d 1923- \|e Verfasser \|0 (DE-588)124011535 \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean \|b recent and past \|c Alexander P. Lisitzin
246	1	3	\|a Sea-ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean
264		1	\|a Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Pa \|b Springer \|c 2002
300			\|a VI, 563 S. \|b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
336			\|b txt \|2 rdacontent
337			\|b n \|2 rdamedia
338			\|b nc \|2 rdacarrier
650		4	\|a Géologie sous-marine
650		4	\|a Sédiments marins
650		4	\|a Varves
650		4	\|a Marine sediments
650		4	\|a Submarine geology
650		4	\|a Varves
650	0	7	\|a Glaziomarine Sedimentation \|0 (DE-588)4157508-8 \|2 gnd \|9 rswk-swf
689	0	0	\|a Glaziomarine Sedimentation \|0 (DE-588)4157508-8 \|D s
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Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1804129451824381952
adam_text	CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 PART I THE EARTHS CRYOSPHERE AND PECULIARITIES OF SEDIMENTATION IN IT . . . . . . . . . 11 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3 THE CRYOSPHERE AND THE PECULIARITIES OF GLACIAL ENVIRONMENT FRESH-WATER AND SEA ICE CONTINENTAL ICE (GLACIERS AND PERMAFROST) . . . . . . 17 3.1 FRESH-WATER AND SEA ICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.2 CONTINENTAL GLACIERS AND MARINE GLACIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4 TYPES OF CONTINENTAL AND MARINE GLACIATIONS PREPARATION AND TRANSPORTATION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL LITHOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF WEATHERING CRUSTS IN ICE ZONES TRANSPORTATION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN CONTINENTAL DRAINAGE BASINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.1 PECULIARITIES OF MOBILIZATION AND TRANSPORTATION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN ICE-CATCHMENT BASINS OF CRYOGENIC ZONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.2 LITHOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF WEATHERING CRUSTS AND SOILS IN PERMAFROST ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 4.3 GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION * CRYOGENIC DISINTEGRATION (ALEURITIZATION, ACQUISITION OF LOESSIAL APPEARANCE) OF ROCKS AND MINERALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 4.4 FORMATION OF CRYOGENIC AGGREGATES (CRYOGENIC COAGULATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.5 MINERALOGY OF CRYOGENIC WEATHERING CRUSTS CRYOGENIC RESISTANCE OF MINERALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.6 DIAGENETIC ALTERATION IN WEATHERING CRUSTS AND DEPOSITS OF THE DRAINAGE AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.7 PECULIAR GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF DRAINAGE AREAS IN ICE ZONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.7.1 IRON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.7.2 ORGANIC MATTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.8 TRANSPORTATION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN CONTINENTAL DRAINAGE BASINS . . . . 47 4.8.1 TRANSPORTATION ALONG SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.8.2 TRANSPORTATION BY RIVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.9 QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESSES OF SEDIMENT PREPARATION IN DRAINAGE BASINS OF ICE ZONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 PART II SEA-ICE SEDIMENTATION IN THE OCEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 5 SUPPLY OF RIVERINE SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN ICE ZONES ARCTIC MARGINAL FILTERS SEDIMENT INPUT DUE TO CRYOABRASION LONGSHORE DRIFT OF SEDIMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.1 SUPPLY OF RIVERINE SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.2 MARGINAL FILTERS IN THE ARCTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.3 SEDIMENT SUPPLY DUE TO COASTAL ABRASION AND LONGSHORE DRIFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.4 LONGSHORE DRIFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 VIII CONTENTS 6 STAGES OF LITHOGENESIS IN ICE ZONES THREE TYPES OF SEA ICE SEDIMENTATION AND TWO VERTICAL LEVELS OF THE PROCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 6.1 STAGE I: SEDIMENT INCORPORATION BY SEA ICE TYPES OF INCORPORATION . . . . . . . . 79 6.1.1 CONTACT MECHANISMS OF SEDIMENT INCORPORATION BY SEA ICE . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 6.1.2 CONTACTLESS MECHANISM OF SEDIMENT INCORPORATION BY SEA ICE . . . . . . . . . 93 6.2 STAGE II: SEDIMENT TRANSPORTATION AT TWO VERTICAL LEVELS: OVER THE SEA SURFACE AND WITH BOTTOM NEPHELOIDS TRANSFORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL DURING TRANSPORTATION CRYODIAGENESIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 6.2.1 SEDIMENT (CRYOSOL) TRANSPORTATION OVER THE SEA SURFACE DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION OF CRYOSOL PROCESSES OF CRYODIAGENESIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 6.2.2 TRANSPORTATION OF SEDIMENTS WITH BOTTOM BRINES FORMED AT ICE FREEZE-UP (NEPHELOID LAYER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 6.3 STAGE III: RELEASE OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL FROM SEA ICE DURING MELTING SEDIMENT RELEASE FROM ONE-YEAR ICE (CARPET-LIKE RELEASE) ON THE SHELF SEDIMENT RELEASE FROM PACK ICE IN REMOTE ZONES GLOBAL FRONTS OF PACK ICE SEDIMENT RELEASE AND THERMODEPOCENTRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 6.3.1 CRYOSOL RELEASE IN REMOTE ZONES * THE FRAM STRAIT (CRYOSOLS, HYDROSOLS, BOTTOM SEDIMENTS) . . . . . . . . . . . 110 7 SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM OF THE FAR EASTERN SEAS AND NORTH PACIFIC . . . . . . . . . . . 117 7.1 BERING SEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 7.1.1 ROCK MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 7.2 SEA OF OKHOTSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 7.2.1 ROCK MATERIAL ( 1 MM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 7.2.2 SAND AND SILT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 7.3 NORTH PACIFIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 7.3.1 HISTORY OF INVESTIGATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7.3.2 DISTRIBUTION OF ROCK MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7.3.3 PETROGRAPHY OF ROCK MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 7.3.4 ORIGIN OF ROCK MATERIAL ON THE NORTHERN PACIFIC OCEAN FLOOR AND ITS PATHWAYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 8 SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN * INTERACTIONS BETWEEN OUTER AND INNER GEOSPHERES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 8.1 SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM OF THE ARCTIC ATMOSPHERE SNOW AND SEDIMENT FLUXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 8.1.1 AEROSOL CONTENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 8.1.2 GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 8.1.3 MINERAL COMPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 8.1.4 CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 8.1.5 TYPES OF TRANSPORTATION, PROVINCES, TRAJECTORIES AND FLUXES OF AEROSOL MATERIAL IN THE ARCTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 8.1.6 CHANGES OCCURRING ON THE WAY OF DISTANT TRANSPORTATION OF AEROSOL AND COMPOSITION OF AEROSOL IN THE ARCTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 8.1.7 THE HISTORY OF AEROSOL IN THE ARCTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 8.2 SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM OF SEA ICE AND SEDIMENT FLUXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 8.2.1 QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATIONS OF CRYOSOL CONTENT IN ARCTIC ICE . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 8.2.2 GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION OF CRYOSOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 8.2.3 MINERALOGY OF CRYOSOL AND BIOGENIC REMAINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 8.2.4 GEOCHEMISTRY OF PACK ICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 8.2.5 TYPES OF CRYOSOL * ITS FLUXES, TRAJECTORIES AND THE AREAS OF SEDIMENT RELEASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 8.2.6 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CONTENTS IX 8.3 SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM OF SEA WATER AND SEDIMENT FLUXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 8.3.1 QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN THE ARCTIC WATERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 8.3.2 GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION OF WATER SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 8.3.3 WATER SUSPENSION FLUXES IN THE ARCTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 8.3.4 VERTICAL ZONALITY OF SUSPENDED MATTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 8.3.5 SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF FLUXES (4D ANALYSIS OF FLUXES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 8.3.6 GEOCHEMISTRY OF WATER SUSPENSION FLUXES OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE ARCTIC ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 8.3.7 BIOGENIC MATTER IN WATER SUSPENSION * ITS DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION FLUXES OF BIOGENIC MATTER IN THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC TYPES OF BIOFILTERS SEA SNOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 8.3.8 MINERAL COMPOSITION OF WATER SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 8.4 SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS * SEDIMENT FLUXES, SEDIMENTATION RATES AND ABSOLUTE MASSES TERRIGENOUS AND BIOGENIC MATERIAL IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS (MINERALOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, BIOMARKERS) AVALANCHE SEDIMENTATION AND GRAVITITES IN THE ZONE OF SEA ICE SEDIMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 8.4.1 QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL, SEDIMENTATION RATES, BREAKS IN SEDIMENTATION AND THICKNESS OF SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 8.4.2 MINERAL AND BIOGENIC MATERIAL IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 8.4.3 GEOCHEMICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE ICE-RAFTED DEPOSITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 8.4.4 AVALANCHE SEDIMENTATION AND GRAVITITES IN ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 8.5 GENERAL REGULARITIES OF SEDIMENTATION IN THE SEA ICE ZONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 8.5.1 QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF SEDIMENTARY MATTER AND ITS PATHWAYS IN ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 8.5.2 THE ROLE OF BIOGENIC MATTER IN TRANSFORMATION OF SEDIMENTS . . . . . . . . 272 8.5.3 GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION, ROUNDNESS, SURFACE CHARACTER, TEXTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 8.5.4 PETROGRAPHIC AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL . . . 275 8.5.5 DYNAMICS OF SEDIMENTATION IN THE ARCTIC * THE MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . 277 PART III GLACIAL (ICEBERG) SEDIMENTATION IN THE OCEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 9 MECHANISMS OF SEDIMENT INCORPORATION IN CONTINENTAL ICE-CATCHMENT AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 9.1 FRACTURING OF GLACIER BED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 9.2 ABRASION OF BED ROCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 9.3 DEFORMATION OF MELTED OR FROZEN GLACIER BED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 9.4 EROSION BY SUBGLACIAL WATER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 9.5 EROSIONAL FORMS AND CORRELATIVE DEPOSITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 9.6 MARINE PERIGLACIAL VALLEYS OF SUPERCOOLED RUNOFF AND GLACIOTURBIDITES ABYSSAL CHANNELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 10 RECENT ICEBERG-RAFTED AND CRYOPHILIC BIOGENIC DEPOSITS OF ANTARCTICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 10.1 ICEBERG-RAFTED SEDIMENTS IN ANTARCTICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 10.2 BIOGENIC CRYOPHILIC DEPOSITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 10.2.1 SILICEOUS SPONGE DEPOSITS OF ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 10.2.2 CARBON-BEARING DEPOSITS OF ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 10.2.3 DIATOM SEDIMENTS OF ICE ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 10.2.4 VOLCANOGENIC AND VOLCANOGENIC-SILICEOUS SEDIMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 X CONTENTS 11 GEOLOGY OF ICE-CATCHMENT PROVINCES IN RELATION TO PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS POSSIBLE RECONSTRUCTIONS OF GEOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF ICE-HIDDEN LAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 11.1 COARSE MATERIAL * COMPOSITION AND PROVINCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 11.1.1 DISTRIBUTION OF ROCKS OF DIFFERENT GENETIC TYPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 11.1.2 PETROGRAPHIC PROVINCES OF ROCK MATERIAL IN DEPOSITS AND ICE-CATCHMENT ZONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 11.2 MINERALOGY AND PROVINCES OF THE SAND-SILT FRACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 11.2.1 EASTERN ANTARCTIC PROVINCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 11.2.2 WESTERN ANTARCTIC PROVINCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 12 ICEBERG AND SEA-ICE SEDIMENTATION IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC * RECENT AND PAST . 337 12.1 DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION OF ROCK MATERIAL IN SEDIMENTS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 12.1.1 COMPOSITION OF ROCK MATERIAL PETROGRAPHIC PROVINCES OF ROCK MATERIAL AND RELATIONS TO ICE-CATCHMENT PROVINCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 12.1.2 ICE-CATCHMENT BASIN OF THE EASTERN NORTH ATLANTIC * THE EURASIAN ICE SHEET AND BOTTOM DEPOSITS RELATED TO IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 12.1.3 ICE-CATCHMENT BASIN OF THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC NORTH AMERICAN ICE SHEET AND BOTTOM DEPOSITS RELATED TO IT . . . . . . . . 353 12.2 INVESTIGATIONS OF ICEBERG-RAFTED SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN BOTTOM DEPOSITS CARRIED OUT BY MEANS OF SUBMERSIBLES, SIDE-SCAN SONAR, TV AND PHOTOGRAPHY . 358 12.2.1 PETROGRAPHY AND AGE OF ICEBERG-RAFTED DEBRIS IN THE KING TROUGH AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 12.2.2 ROCK MATERIAL IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC BOTTOM SEDIMENTS AND ITS SOURCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 12.2.3 CRITERIA FOR DISTINGUISHING ICEBERG-RAFTED SEDIMENTS ON THE OCEAN FLOOR * OBSERVATIONS FROM SUBMERSIBLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 12.2.4 DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION OF SAND-SILT FRACTION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE ICE AND TEMPERATE ZONES OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC . . . . 367 12.2.5 DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION OF MINERALS OF THE PELITE FRACTION IN THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC . . . . . . . 383 12.3 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 13 LITHOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE ZONES OF ICEBERG SEDIMENTATION . . . 387 13.1 STRUCTURE OF ICEBERG-RAFTED SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 13.2 FORM, ROUNDNESS AND SURFACE CHARACTER OF ICE-RAFTED PARTICLES . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 13.3 TEXTURAL PECULIARITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 13.4 GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SEA ICE AND ICEBERG SEDIMENTATION . . . . . . . . 395 13.5 PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 13.6 BIOGENIC MATERIAL AS MARINE COMPONENT OF CRYOGENIC SEDIMENTATION . . . . . 400 13.7 SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL IN SUSPENSION * QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 13.8 SEDIMENT FLUXES IN THE ZONES OF SEA ICE AND ICEBERG SEDIMENTOGENESIS . . . 408 13.9 DENUDATION RATES IN ICE-CATCHMENT BASINS AND CRYOSEDIMENTATION RATES RATES OF SEDIMENT RELEASE FROM ICE (SEDIMENT FLUXES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 13.9.1 DENUDATION RATES IN ICE-CATCHMENT ZONES * RATES OF SEDIMENT INPUT . 410 13.10 SEDIMENTATION RATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 13.11 DEPOSIT THICKNESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 13.12 VOLUME OF SEDIMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 13.13 SEDIMENTARY ROCK BASINS (SRB) IN THE ZONES OF GLACIAL SEDIMENTOGENESIS . . . 419 13.13.1 SEDIMENTARY ROCK BASINS IN EAST ANTARCTICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 13.13.2 SEDIMENTARY ROCK BASINS IN WEST ANTARCTICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 13.13.3 THE WEDDELL SEA MEGABASIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 13.14 MODELLING OF THE GLACIAL-MARINE SEDIMENTATION AND THE PROCESSES OF ICEBERG-RAFTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 CONTENTS XI 14 CRYOGENIC FACIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 14.1 MACROFACIES OF SUBGLACIAL BASINS BELOW SEA LEVEL (F-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 14.2 MACROFACIES OF GLACIERS OVERLYING SHELVES (F-2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 14.3 MACROFACIES OF TIDEWATER GLACIERS (F-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 14.4 MACROFACIES OF ICE SHELVES (F-4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 14.4.1 SUBGLACIAL PART OF THE ROSS SEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 14.4.2 SUBGLACIAL PART OF THE WEDDELL SEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 14.4.3 DELTAS OF OUTLET GLACIERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 14.5 MACROFACIES OF SMALLER GLACIERS ENDING ON SHELVES (GLACIER TONGUES) (F-5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 14.6 MACROFACIES OF GLACIERS ENDING IN BAYS AND FJORDS PALIMPSEST SEDIMENTS (F-6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448 14.7 MACROFACIES OF SHELF SEAS AND OPEN SHELVES ADJACENT TO THE COASTS OF ANTARCTICA (F-7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453 14.8 MACROFACIES OF CONTINENTAL SLOPES AVALANCHE SEDIMENTATION OF THE SECOND GLOBAL LEVEL IN CRYOZONES (F-8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 14.9 MACROFACIES OF PELAGIC PARTS OF OCEANS OCEANIC ICEBERG-RAFTED SEDIMENTS AND BIOGENIC SEDIMENTS IN CRYOZONES (F-9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459 14.10FACIES OF ADVANCING AND RETREATING GLACIERS (PROGRADATION AND RETROGRADATION OF CRYOLITHOZONES) TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL MIGRATIONS OF FACIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460 PART IV GLACIAL SEDIMENTOGENESIS IN THE EARTH*S GEOLOGICAL PAST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 15 THE LATE CENOZOIC AND EARLIER GLACIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 15.1 THE LATE CENOZOIC GLACIATION OF LAND AND OCEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 15.2 ANTARCTICA DURING INTERGLACIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 15.3 ANCIENT GLACIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 PART V BASIS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CRYOGENIC FORMATIONS TECTONIC ZONALITY . . . . 481 16 CRYOGENIC FORMATIONS OF PASSIVE MARGINS, ICE SHELVES AND CONTINENTAL SLOPES CRYOGENIC FORMATIONS OF ACTIVE MARGINS AND THE REGIONS COMPOSED OF OCEANIC CRUST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483 16.1 CRYOGENIC FORMATIONS AS COMBINATION BETWEEN CRYOGENIC CONDITIONS, SEDIMENTS, ORGANISMS AND TECTONICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483 16.2 CRYOGENIC FORMATIONS OF PASSIVE MARGINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 16.2.1 FORMATIONS OF SHELVES IN THE REGIONS OF GLACIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 16.2.2 FORMATION OF CONTINENTAL SLOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486 16.2.3 HEMIPELAGIC AND PELAGIC FORMATIONS IN GLACIATED AND OCEANIC PERIGLACIAL REGIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487 16.3 CRYOGENIC FORMATIONS OF ACTIVE MARGINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487 16.4 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GLACIOFORMATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488 17 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 ADDITIONAL REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541
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author	Lisicyn, Aleksandr Petrovič 1923-
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spelling	Lisicyn, Aleksandr Petrovič 1923- Verfasser (DE-588)124011535 aut Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past Alexander P. Lisitzin Sea-ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Pa Springer 2002 VI, 563 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Géologie sous-marine Sédiments marins Varves Marine sediments Submarine geology Glaziomarine Sedimentation (DE-588)4157508-8 gnd rswk-swf Glaziomarine Sedimentation (DE-588)4157508-8 s DE-604 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009973368&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Lisicyn, Aleksandr Petrovič 1923- Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past Géologie sous-marine Sédiments marins Varves Marine sediments Submarine geology Glaziomarine Sedimentation (DE-588)4157508-8 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4157508-8
title	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past
title_alt	Sea-ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean
title_auth	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past
title_exact_search	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past
title_full	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past Alexander P. Lisitzin
title_fullStr	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past Alexander P. Lisitzin
title_full_unstemmed	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past Alexander P. Lisitzin
title_short	Sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean
title_sort	sea ice and iceberg sedimentation in the ocean recent and past
title_sub	recent and past
topic	Géologie sous-marine Sédiments marins Varves Marine sediments Submarine geology Glaziomarine Sedimentation (DE-588)4157508-8 gnd
topic_facet	Géologie sous-marine Sédiments marins Varves Marine sediments Submarine geology Glaziomarine Sedimentation
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009973368&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT lisicynaleksandrpetrovic seaiceandicebergsedimentationintheoceanrecentandpast AT lisicynaleksandrpetrovic seaiceandicebergsedimentationintheocean

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