Squatters as developers?: slum redevelopment in Mumbai
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Aldershot, Hampshire, England
Ashgate
2003
|
| Schriftenreihe: | King's SOAS studies in development geography
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-183) and index |
| Beschreibung: | xv, 189 p. ill., map : 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 0754619109 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Squatters as developers? |b slum redevelopment in Mumbai |c Vinit Mukhija |
| 264 | 1 | |a Aldershot, Hampshire, England |b Ashgate |c 2003 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Housing policy |z India |z Bombay |x Citizen participation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Inclusionary housing programs |z India |z Bombay | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Slums |z India |z Bombay | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Urban renewal |z India |z Bombay | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129409286799360 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Figures ix
List of Tables x
Preface xi
List of Abbreviations xiv
Currency Exchange Rates xv
1 Introduction: A New Strategy in Mumbai 1
The Puzzles of Slum Redevelopment 1
Placing the Research in the Context of the Literature 5
Self help and Enabling the Communities 5
Slum Upgrading Programs 7
Enabling the Markets 8
A Preview of the Arguments 11
The Logic of Redevelopment 11
Property Rights, Property Values and Property Attributes 12
The Paradox of Enabling 13
Study Methodology 14
The Dense Data Case Study Approach 14
A Single Case, Informed by Other Cases 15
Data Sources 15
Fieldwork 16
Limitations of the Study 16
The Structure of the Book 16
2 The Evolution of the Slum Redevelopment Strategy 19
Introduction 19
The Mumbai Context 21
The Evolution of Mumbai s Redevelopment Strategy 26
Urban Politics 26
Property Values and Land Differentials 28
Regulating the Development Potential of Land 33
The Need for Regulation 34
v
3 Decentralized Conflict 37
Introduction 38
Literature Review 40
Dharavi Redevelopment Plan: Contested Intentions 43
Prime Minister s Grant Project (PMGP) 43
Redevelopment Plan for Dharavi 44
SPARC S Census and Alternative Proposal 45
PMGP and SPARC: The Battle over Markandeya 47
Government s Response to SPARC S Plan 47
Compromise but Further Conflict 48
Conflicts over Project Finance 50
Local NGO, Global Connections 51
Conflicts between SPARC and the Private Contractor 52
The Informal Cross subsidy Scheme 52
Reluctance to Mortgage Land 54
Irregularities in the Sale of Extra Units 54
Taking Advantage of the Development Potential of Land 54
More Policy Changes, More Profit 55
Uncivil Society: Distrust between SPARC and the Community 56
Suspicion of the Managing Committee 56
Ten Years for New Houses 59
The Bank guarantee under Threat 60
Arbitration by the State 60
SPARC S New Role as a Developer 61
Reexamining NGOs in Housing Delivery 62
NGOs and Community Empowerment 63
NGOs: More Like the Market and the State 64
NGOs and Autonomy 64
Decentralization and Centralization in Housing Delivery 65
4 Demolition and Redevelopment 67
Introduction 68
Literature Review: Tenure Legalization • 71
From Slum Clearance to Slum Upgrading 71
Slum Upgrading and Property Structures 72
Slum Upgrading and Property Values 73
The Physical Structure of Properties in Dharavi 74
Dharavi s Changing Geography 74
Slum Upgrading and Slum Redevelopment 75
Rajendra Prasad Nagar and the Markandeya Slum 78
Change in Property Rights and Property Attributes 80
vi
Redevelopment into a Low rise Courtyard Structure 80
State Suspicion of Future Encroachment 83
Adding More Floors 85
High Land Values and Medium rise Living 90
Medium rise Living as an Outcome of Redevelopment 90
Slum Redevelopment Projects in Mumbai 92
Slum Redevelopment and Tenure Legalization 96
Low income Housing Myths 96
Property Rights, Property Attributes and Property Values 97
Demand driven or Supply driven Development 100
5 Financing Slum Redevelopment 103
Introduction 104
Literature Review: Markets and Partnerships 107
Markets and Low income Housing ] 07
Public Private Partnerships and Housing 108
State Finance for Redevelopment 108
Prime Minister s Grant: A Revolving Fund 108
Beneficiaries Contributions and Housing Loans 110
Increase in Cost Estimates 111
Financial Prudence of State Agencies 112
Private Capital from the Non profit and the For profit Sectors 113
Bank guarantee from an International NGO 113
Policy Changes to Attract Private Capital 117
Institutional Responses to the Scarcity of Finance 120
The Joint venture at Markandeya 120
SPARC s Deal making 121
State Initiative to Provide Development Finance 123
Private and Public Roles 124
The Problem of Development Finance 125
Partnerships and Innovation 126
6 Enabling Slum Redevelopment in Mumbai 129
The Mumbai Experience 129
An Analytical Framework for Upgrading 131
The Paradox of Enabling 132
Deregulation and New Regulations 132
Decentralization and Centralization 133
Privatization and Public Involvement 134
Demand driven and Supply driven Development Strategies 135
Enabling Housing Provision 135
vii
Future Research 137
Evaluation of Slum Redevelopment Projects 137
Stakeholders and their Institutional Interests 139
Urban Collective Action 140
Squatters as Developers 140
Appendices 143
Appendix 1 List of Interviewees 143
Appendix 2 Property Values in Mumbai 146
Appendix 3 Scion Shivaji Nagar CHS 148
Appendix 4 Markandeya CHS: Annexure II, SRD Application 149
Appendix 5 Cost Estimate of the Rajiv Indira CHS 151
Notes 153
Bibliography 171
Index 185
viii
List of Figures
2.1 Timeline of housing programs for Mumbai s slums 19
2.2 Map of India showing Mumbai 22
3.1 Timeline of key institutional events at Markandeya 37
3.2 Map of Mumbai showing Dharavi 42
3.3 The Markandeya project, late 1997 57
3.4 Institutional diagram of the Markandeya case 58
4.1 Timeline of key physical events at Markandeya 67
4.2 The physical structure of housing in Dharavi 75
4.3 Map of Dharavi showing Rajendra Prasad Nagar 77
4.4 Map of Rajendra Prasad Nagar showing Markandeya 78
4.5 Survey layout of Markandeya, 1987 79
4.6 Floor plan and section of MCHS, 1988 82
4.7 Floor plan and section of MCHS, 1996 88
4.8 Front view and hallway at MCHS, 1998 89
4.9 Floor plan of RICHS, 1998 91
4.10 Hoarding at the Rajiv Indira site, 1998 91
4.11 Redeveloped parts of Dharavi, 1998 95
5.1 Timeline of key financial events at Markandeya 103
A. 1 Floor plan of Scion Shivaji Nagar 148
ix
List of Tables
1.1 Slum redevelopment projects in Mumbai, 1998 3
2.1 Distribution of slum population in Mumbai 23
2.2 Mumbai s housing profile, 1981 and 1991 24
2.3 Party positions in Maharashtra state assembly elections 27
2.4 Residential property values in Mumbai 29
2.5 Increasing subsidies in different redevelopment programs 31
3.1 Contrasting population estimates of Dharavi 46
3.2 Contrasting plans for Dharavi, 1987 46
3.3 Changing estimates of cost and funding sources (rupees) 52
4.1 Additional units at MCHS 84
4.2 Approved unit statement at MCHS, 1991 85
4.3 Unit statement at MCHS, May 1996 86
4.4 Net area statement of MCHS, SRD 87
4.5 Gross area statement of MCHS, SRS 87
4.6 Slum redevelopment schemes in Mumbai, 1998 92
5.1 PMGP s original cost plan for a 180 ft2 unit, 1987a 109
5.2 PMGP s revised cost plan for a 180 ft2 unit, 1987b 110
5.3 PMGP s revised cost plan for a 180 ft2 unit, 1988 111
5.4 MCHS s payment plan for a 280 ft2 unit, 1988 112
5.5 MCHS s revised payment plan, 1989 113
5.6 HUDCO s loan release plan, 1991 114
5.7 MCHS s revised payment plan, 1993 115
5.8 HUDCO s loan release 116
5.9 Unit statements at the MCHS 118
5.10 Financial benefit of TDR 119
5.11 Cost of extra height (rupees) 121
5.12 Amount likely to be returned to the MCHS members (rupees) 121
5.13 Status of SRS proposals, 1998 124
6.1 Successful outcomes in slum redevelopment 138
A. 1 Property values in Mumbai 146
x
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| spelling | Mukhija, Vinit Verfasser aut Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai Vinit Mukhija Aldershot, Hampshire, England Ashgate 2003 xv, 189 p. ill., map : 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier King's SOAS studies in development geography Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-183) and index Housing policy India Bombay Citizen participation Inclusionary housing programs India Bombay Slums India Bombay Urban renewal India Bombay Sanierung (DE-588)4126617-1 gnd rswk-swf Slum (DE-588)4055304-8 gnd rswk-swf Indien Mumbai (DE-588)10013721-0 gnd rswk-swf Mumbai (DE-588)10013721-0 g Slum (DE-588)4055304-8 s Sanierung (DE-588)4126617-1 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009945308&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mukhija, Vinit Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai Housing policy India Bombay Citizen participation Inclusionary housing programs India Bombay Slums India Bombay Urban renewal India Bombay Sanierung (DE-588)4126617-1 gnd Slum (DE-588)4055304-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4126617-1 (DE-588)4055304-8 (DE-588)10013721-0 |
| title | Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai |
| title_auth | Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai |
| title_exact_search | Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai |
| title_full | Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai Vinit Mukhija |
| title_fullStr | Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai Vinit Mukhija |
| title_full_unstemmed | Squatters as developers? slum redevelopment in Mumbai Vinit Mukhija |
| title_short | Squatters as developers? |
| title_sort | squatters as developers slum redevelopment in mumbai |
| title_sub | slum redevelopment in Mumbai |
| topic | Housing policy India Bombay Citizen participation Inclusionary housing programs India Bombay Slums India Bombay Urban renewal India Bombay Sanierung (DE-588)4126617-1 gnd Slum (DE-588)4055304-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Housing policy India Bombay Citizen participation Inclusionary housing programs India Bombay Slums India Bombay Urban renewal India Bombay Sanierung Slum Indien Mumbai |
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