Cardiovascular therapy: evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English German |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Stuttgart
Medpharm Scientific Publ.
2002
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 514 S. graph. Darst. : 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 3887630963 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Schulz, Wolfgang |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a Kardiovaskuläre Therapie |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cardiovascular therapy |b evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts |c W. Schulz ; H. Darius ; G. Kober |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Stuttgart |b Medpharm Scientific Publ. |c 2002 | |
| 300 | |a XIX, 514 S. |b graph. Darst. : 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Cardiovascular Diseases |x therapy |v Practice Guideline | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Evidence-Based Medicine |v Practice Guideline | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Pharmakotherapie |0 (DE-588)4076066-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit |0 (DE-588)4024666-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Evidenz-basierte Medizin |0 (DE-588)4543414-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Evidenz-basierte Medizin |0 (DE-588)4543414-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Darius, Harald |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kober, Gisbert |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
V
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
XIX
CHAPTER
A.
ARTERIAL
HYPERTENSION
1
A.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
1
A.1
.1
DEFINITION
1
A.1
.2
SIGNIFICANCE
2
A.1
.3
THERAPEUTIC
DILEMMA
5
A.1.
4
HIGH
SYSTOLIC
BLOOD
PRESSURE
5
A.1
.5
REDUCTION
IN
BLOOD
PRESSURE
AND
OUTCOME
7
A.1
.6
BLOOD
PRESSURE
-
A
VALIDATED
SURROGATE
MARKER
9
A.2
MEDICINAL
THERAPY
11
A.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
11
A.2.2
ADEQUATE
BLOOD
PRESSURE
REDUCTION
12
A.2.2.1
INITIATION
OF
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
THERAPY
13
A.2.2.2
INCREASE
RESPONDER
RATES
13
A.2.2.3
COMBINATION
THERAPY
15
A.2.3
ORGAN
PROTECTION
AND
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
16
A.2.3.1
PROGNOSTIC
BENEFIT
IN
PATIENTS
OF
"NORMAL"
AGE
17
A.2.3.1.1
STUDIES
WITH
PLACEBO
CONTROLS
17
A.2.3.1
.2
STUDIES
WITH
ACTIVE
CONTROLS
18
A.2.3.2
PROGNOSTIC
BENEFIT
IN
OLD
PATIENTS
OR
ISH
25
A.2.3.2.1
STUDIES
WITH
PLACEBO
CONTROLS
25
A.2.3.2.2
STUDIES
WITH
ACTIVE
CONTROLS
27
A.2.3.3
EFFECTS
ON
ML,
STROKE
AND
DEATH
27
A.2.3.
3.1
DIURETICS
27
A.2.3.3.2
BETA-BLOCKERS
28
A.2.3.3.3
ACE
INHIBITORS
29
A.2.3.3.4
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
30
A.2.3.3.5
ANGIOTENSIN
RECEPTOR
BLOCKERS
30
A.2.3.
3.6
ASA
31
A.2.3.4
EFFECTS
ON
RENAL
INSUFFICIENCY
31
A.2.3.4.1
ACE
INHIBITORS
33
A.2.3.4.2
ANGIOTENSIN
RECEPTOR
BLOCKERS
34
A.2.3.4.3
OTHER
DRUGS
(E.G.
BETA-BLOCKERS)
35
A.2.
3.5
EFFECTS
ON
MICROVASCULAR
COMPLICATIONS
IN
DM
35
A.2.3.5.1
ACE
INHIBITORS
35
A.2.
3.6
EFFECTS
ON
MACROVASCULAR
COMPLICATIONS
IN
DM
36
A.2.3.6.1
ACE
INHIBITORS
37
A.2.3.6.2
ANGIOTENSIN
RECEPTOR
BLOCKERS
38
A.2.3.6.3
OTHER
DRUGS
38
A.2.3.6.4
COMBINATIONS
38
A.2.4
AVOIDANCE
OF
RISKS
AND
UNDESIRABLE
EFFECTS
39
A.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
41
A.3.1
AUTOMATED
24-HOUR
BP
MEASUREMENT
41
A.3.2
DEVELOPMENT
OF
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
DRUGS
42
A.3.2.
1
DOSE
DETERMINATION
42
A.3.2.2
DOSING
INTERVAL
42
A.3.2.
3
DEVELOPMENT
OF
COMBINATIONS
43
A.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
45
TABLES
46
CHARTS
48
CHAPTER
B.
CORONARY
HEART
DISEASE
-
CHRONIC
STABLE
51
B.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
51
B.1.1
DEFINITION
51
B.1.
2
SIGNIFICANCE
52
B.1
.3
DIAGNOSIS
53
B.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
54
B.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
54
B.2.
2
RELIEF
OF
ANGINA
PECTORIS
54
B.2.3
PROPHYLAXIS
OF
RECURRENT
ANGINA
PECTORIS
55
B.2.3.1
.
WITH
NITROCOMPOUNDS
55
B.2.
3.2
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
58
B.2.3.3
.
WITH
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
59
B.2.3.4
.
WITH
OTHER
SUBSTANCES
60
B.2.3.
5
.
WITH
COMBINATIONS
60
B.2.3.6
.
WITH
ANGIOGENETIC
TREATMENT
61
B.2.4
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
62
B.2.4.1
.
WITH
ANTIPLATELET
AGENTS
62
B.2.4.1.
1
ACETYLSALICYLIC
ACID
(ASA)
62
B.2.4.1.
2
DIPYRIDAMOL
62
B.2.4.2
.
WITH
LIPID-LOWERING
AGENTS
(LLAS)
62
B.2.4.3
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
67
B.2.4.4
.
WITH
ANTIANGINAL
SUBSTANCES
68
B.2.4.4.1
NITROCOMPOUNDS
68
B.2.4.4.2
BETA-BLOCKERS
69
B.2.4.4.3
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
69
B.2.4.4.4
NICORANDIL
70
B.2.4.5
.
WITH
HORMONAL
THERAPY
(HRT)
70
B.2.4.6
.
WITH
ANTIBIOTICS
72
B.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
73
B.3.1
WHAT
IS
BETTER:
PILLS,
PCI
OR
ACB?
73
B.3.2
THE
CONCEPT
OF
"TOTAL
ISCHEMIC
BURDEN"
76
B.3.3
OTHER
FORMS
OF
MYOCARDIAL
ISCHEMIA
77
B.3.4
DEVELOPMENT
OF
ANTIANGINAL
DRUGS
78
VIII
B.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
81
TABLE
82
CHARTS
83
CHAPTER
C.
CORONARY
HEART
DISEASE
-
ACUTE
CORONARY
SYNDROME
89
C.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
89
C.1.1
DEFINITION
89
C.1.
2
SIGNIFICANCE
92
C.1
.3
DIAGNOSIS
93
C.1
.3.1
EXCLUSION
OF
Q-WAVE
MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION
93
C.1
.3.2
EXCLUSION
OF
ENZYME
INCREASE
94
C.2
MEDICINAL
THERAPY
97
C.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
97
C.2.2
SYMPTOMATIC
IMPROVEMENT
99
C.2.3
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
99
C.2.
3.1
.
WITH
PLATELET
INHIBITORS
99
C.2.3.1.1
ASA
99
C.2.3.
1.2
TIDOPIDINE
101
C.2.3.
1.3
CLOPIDOGREL
101
C.2.3.2
.
WITH
FIBRINOGEN
RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS
102
C.2.3.2.1
EPTIFIBATIDE
102
C.2.3.2.2
TIROFIBAN
103
C.2.3.2.3
ABCIXIMAB
103
C.2.3.2.4
LAMIFIBAN
104
C.2.3.2.
5
OTHER
DATA
104
C.2.3.3
.
WITH
THROMBIN
INHIBITORS
105
C.2.3.
3.1
HEPARIN
105
C.2.3.3.2
LOW
MOLECULAR-WEIGHT
HEPARINS
(LMWHS)
107
C.2.3.3.3
HIRUDIN
110
C.2.3.
3.4
ARGATROBAN
111
C.2.3.3.5
BIVALIRUDIN
111
C.2.3.3.6
COUMARINS
112
C.2.3.4
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
113
C.2.3.
5
.
WITH
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
113
C.2.3.6
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
113
C.2.3.
7
.
WITH
LLAS
114
C.2.3.8
.
WITH
ANTIBIOTICS
114
C.2.3.9
.
WITH
COMBINATIONS
115
C.2.4
EARLY
INTERVENTION
VS.
CONSERVATIVE
APPROACH
116
C.2.5
TEMPORAL
COURSE
OF
EFFECTS
118
C.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
119
C.3.1
CURRENT
TRENDS
IN
DEVELOPMENT
119
C.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
121
TABLES
124
CHARTS
126
IX
CHAPTER
D.
ACUTE
MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION
(AMI)
129
D.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
129
D.1.1
DEFINITION
129
D.1.
2
SIGNIFICANCE
129
D.1.
3
DIAGNOSIS
131
D.1.
3.1
ECG
132
D.1
.3.2
ENZYMES
133
D.1
.4
RAPID
ACTION
135
D.2
MEDICINAL
THERAPY
138
D.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
138
D.2.2
STRATEGIES
TO
RESTORE
REPERFUSION
140
D.2.3
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
141
D.2.3.1
.
WITH
ASA
141
D.2.3.2
.
WITH
FIBRINOLYSIS
141
D.2.
3.2.1
AND
THROMBIN
INHIBITORS
146
D.2.
3.2.2
AND
FIBRINOGEN
RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS
(FRAS)
152
D.2.3.2.
3
AND
SUBSEQUENT
PCI
154
D.2.3.2.4
AND
"RESCUE"
PCI
154
D.2.3.
3
.
WITH
PRE-HOSPITAL
FIBRINOLYSIS
155
D.2.3.4
.
WITH
FIBRINOLYSIS
AFTER
UNSUCCESSFUL
CPR
155
D.2.3.
5
.
WITH
PRIMARY
PCI
156
D.2.3.
5.1
AND
FIBRINOGEN
RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS
157
D.2.3.5.2
AND
FIBRINOLYTICS
("FACILITATED
PCI")
158
D.2.
3.6
.
WITH
PRIMARY
PCI
OR
CABG
IN
CARDIOGENIC
SHOCK
158
D.2.3.
7
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
159
D.2.3.8
.
WITH
ANG
II
ANTAGONISTS
(ARBS)
163
D.2.3.
9
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
163
D.2.
3.10
.
WITH
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
164
D.2.3.1
1
.
WITH
LIDOCAINE
166
D.2.
3.12
.
WITH
GLUCOSE/INSULIN/POTASSIUM
166
D.2.
3.13
.
WITH
MAGNESIUM
167
D.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
168
D.3.1
INFARCT
SIZE
REDUCTION
-
A
VALID
CONCEPT?
168
D.3.2
VIABLE
MYOCARDIUM
-
BUT
NO
CONTRACTION?
169
D.3.3
CARDIAC
REHABILITATION
170
D.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
171
TABLES
173
CHARTS
175
CHAPTER
E.
POST-MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION
WITH
NORMAL
LV
FUNCTION
179
E.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
179
E.1.1
DEFINITION
179
E.1.2
SIGNIFICANCE
179
E.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
182
E.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
182
X
E.2.2
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
183
E.2.2.1
.
WITH
PLATELET
INHIBITORS
183
E.2.2.1.
1
ASA
183
E.2.2.1
.2
CLOPIDOGREL
184
E.2.2.1
.3
DIPYRIDAMOL
184
E.2.2.1.
4
TICLOPIDINE
184
E.2.2.2
.
WITH
ORAL
ANTICOAGULATION
184
E.2.2.3
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
184
E.2.2.4
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
186
E.2.2.5
.
WITH
STATINS
186
E.2.2.6
.
WITH
N-3
PUFA
187
E.2.2.
7
.
WITH
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
188
E.2.2.
8
.
WITH
ANGIOTENSIN
II
ANTAGONISTS
188
E.2.2.9
.
WITH
ANTIBIOTICS
188
E.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
189
E.3.1
HOW
INTENSE
MUST
TREATMENT
BE?
189
E.3.2
LIFE-STYLES
AND
PROGNOSIS
190
E.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
191
TABLE
192
CHART
194
CHAPTER
F.
POST-MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION
WITH
POOR
LV
FUNCTION
195
F.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
195
F.1.1
DEFINITION
195
F.1
.2
SIGNIFICANCE
196
F.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
199
F.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
199
F.2.2
SYMPTOMATIC
IMPROVEMENT
200
F.2.3
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
201
F.2.3.1
.
WITH
PLATELET
INHIBITORS
OR
ANTICOAGULATION?
201
F.2.3.1.
1
ASA
201
F.2.3.1
.2
ANTICOAGULANTS
201
F.2.3.2
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
204
F.2.3.3
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
204
F.2.3.4
.
WITH
ANGIOTENSIN
II
ANTAGONISTS
206
F.2.3.
5
.
WITH
STATINS
206
F.2.3.6
.
WITH
ALDOSTERONE
ANTAGONISTS
206
F.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
207
F.3.1
PILLS,
ACB
OR
PCI
AFTER
ML?
207
F.3.2
ARRHYTHMIAS
AND
PROGNOSIS?
207
F.3.3
EXERCISE
TRAINING
208
F.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
209
TABLE
210
CHART
211
XI
CHAPTER
G.
CONCOMITANT
MEDICATIONS
IN
PCI
213
G.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
213
G.1.1
DEFINITION
213
G.1
.2
SIGNIFICANCE
215
G.1
.3
RISKS
IN
ASSOCIATION
WITH
INTERVENTIONAL
CARDIOLOGY
216
G.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
218
G.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
218
G.2.2
PREVENTION
OF
ACUTE
COMPLICATIONS
219
G.2.2.1
.
WITH
PLATELET
INHIBITORS
219
G.2.2.1.
1
ASA
220
G.2.2.1
.2
TIDOPIDINE
221
G.2.2.1
.3
CLOPIDOGREL
221
G.2.2.2
.
WITH
FIBRINOGEN
RECEPTOR
ANTAGONISTS
222
G.2.
2.2.1
ABCIXIMAB
224
G.2.2.2.2
EPTIFIBATIDE
225
G.2.2.
2.3
TIROFIBAN
226
G.2.2.3
.
WITH
THROMBIN
INHIBITORS
227
G.2.2.3.1
UNFRACTIONATED
HEPARINS
227
G.2.
2.3.2
LMWH
ENOXAPARIN
228
G.2.
2.3.3
REVIPARIN
229
G.2.2.3.4
HIRUDIN
229
G.2.2.3.5
BIVALIRUDIN
230
G.2.2.3.6
ARGATROBAN
230
G.2.2.4
.
WITH
ORAL
ANTICOAGULANTS
231
G.2.3
PREVENTION
OF
LONG-TERM
COMPLICATIONS
231
G.2.3.1
INEFFECTIVE
MEDICATION
231
G.2.
3.2
EFFECTIVE
MEDICATION
233
G.2.
3.2.1
STATINS
233
G.2.3.3
UNCOATED
STENTS
233
G.2.3.4
COATED
OR
DRUG-ELUTING
STENTS
234
G.2.
3.4.1
HEPARIN
AND
LMWH
234
G.2.3.4.2
SIROLIMUS
235
G.2.3.4.3
PACLITAXEL
235
G.2.3.
5
VASCULAR
BRACHYTHERAPY
235
G.2.3.
5.1
IN-STENT
RESTENOSIS
(ISR)
IN
CORONARY
ARTERIES
238
G.2.3.
5.2
IN-STENT
RESTENOSIS
(ISR)
IN
SAPHENOUS
VEIN
GRAFTS
238
G.2.3.
5.3
DE-NOVO
LESIONS
-
BALLOON
DILATATION
239
G.2.
3.5.4
DE-NOVO
LESIONS
-
STENT
IMPLANTATION
239
G.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
240
G.3.1
WHICH
THERAPY
IS
BETTER:
MEDICATION,
PCI
OR
ACB?
240
G.3.2
WHICH
TYPE
OF
PCI:
BALLOON
DILATATION,
ENDARTERECTOMY
OR
STENT?
243
G.3.3
PERCUTANEOUS
MYOCARDIAL
REVASCULARIZATION
247
G.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
248
TABLE
249
CHARTS
250
XII
CHAPTER
H.
HEART
FAILURE
253
H.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
253
H.1.1
DEFINITION
253
H.1
.2
SIGNIFICANCE
254
H.1
.3
DIAGNOSIS
256
H.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
258
H.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
258
H.2.2
SHORT-TERM
INOTROPIC
SUPPORT
AND
SYMPTOM
RELIEF
259
H.2.2.1
.
WITH
DIURETICS
259
H.2.2.2
.
WITH
POSITIVE
INOTROPIC
SUBSTANCES
259
H.2.2.3
.
WITH
LEVOSIMENDAN,
A
CALCIUM
SENSITIZER
259
H.2.2.4
.
WITH
NESIRITIDE,
A
NATRIURETIC
PEPTIDE
260
H.2.3
LONG-TERM
SYMPTOM
RELIEF
IN
CHRONIC
HEART
FAILURE
260
H.2.3.1
.
WITH
DIURETICS
260
H.2.3.2
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
262
H.2.3.3
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
262
H.2.3.4
.
WITH
DIGITALIS
263
H.2.3.
5
.
WITH
ALDOSTERONE
ANTAGONISTS
263
H.2.4
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
263
H.2.4.1
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
263
H.2.4.2
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
265
H.2.4.3
.
WITH
ALDOSTERONE
ANTAGONISTS
267
H.2.4.4
.
WITH
ACE/NEP
INHIBITORS
268
H.2.4.5
.
WITH
DIGITALIS
268
H.2.4.6
.
WITH
ANGIOTENSIN-LL
ANTAGONISTS
(ARBS)
269
H.2.4.7
.
WITH
PLATELET
INHIBITORS
271
H.2.4.8
.
WITH
STATINS
272
H
.2.4.9
.
WITH
CALCIUM
ANTAGONISTS
272
H.2.4.
10
.
WITH
OTHER
SUBSTANCES
273
H.2.4.1
1
.
WITH
COMBINATIONS
274
H.2.4.1
2
.
WITH
EXERCISE
TRAINING
275
H.2.5
THROMBOPROPHYLAXIS
IN
BEDRIDDEN
PATIENTS
275
H.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
276
H.3.1
EXERCISE
TOLERANCE
276
H.3.2
EXERCISE
TRAINING
IN
PATIENTS
WITH
CHF
277
H.3.3
QUALITY
OF
LIFE
278
H.3.4
DRUGS
IN
DEVELOPMENT
279
H.3.5
OTHER
NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL
THERAPIES
281
H.3.
5.1
LEFT-VENTRICULAR
ASSIST
DEVICES
281
H.3.
5.2
CARDIAC
RESYNCHRONIZATION
282
H.3.6
PARAMETERS
FOR
DRUG
DEVELOPMENT
283
H.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
285
TABLE
286
CHARTS
287
XIII
CHAPTER
I.
SUPRAVENTRICULAR
ARRHYTHMIAS
291
1.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
291
1.1.1
DEFINITION
291
1.1.2
SIGNIFICANCE
293
1.1.3
DIAGNOSIS
294
1.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
295
1.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
295
I.2.2
CHOICE
OF
ANTIARRHYTHMIC
DRUGS
297
I.2.3
ACUTE
TREATMENT
OF
AF/AFI
298
I.2.3.1
.
IN
RECENT
ONSET
AF/AFI
298
I.2.3.1.1
ELECTRICAL
CARDIOVERSION
299
I.2.3.1
.2
CARDIOVERSION
WITH
ORAL
MEDICATION
299
I.2.3.1
.3
CARDIOVERSION
WITH
INTRAVENOUS
MEDICATION
300
I.2.3.1
.4
PRE-TREATMENT
BEFORE
ELECTRICAL
CARDIOVERSION
302
I.2.3.2
.
IN
CHRONIC
AF/AFI
302
I.2.3.3
.
IN
POST-OPERATIVE
AF/AFI
303
I.2.3.4
.
SHORT-TERM
ANTICOAGULATION
IN
CARDIOVERSION
304
I.2.4
LONG-TERM
TREATMENT
OF
AF/AFI
304
I.2.4.1
RHYTHM
CONTROL
AFTER
SUCCESSFUL
CARDIOVERSION
304
I.2.4.1.1
SAFETY
305
I.2.4.1
.2
EFFICACY
306
I.2.4.2
RATE
CONTROL
IN
PERSISTENT
AF/AFI
309
I.2.4.3
LONG-TERM
ANTICOAGULATION
(SEE
CHAPTER
M.2.2.)
311
I.2.5
PRIMARY
PROPHYLAXIS
OF
AF/AFI
311
I.2.6
TREATMENT
OF
SUPRAVENTRICULAR
TACHYCARDIAS
312
I.2.6.1
ATRIAL
TACHYCARDIAS
312
I.2.6.2
AV-NODAL
REENTRY
TACHYCARDIAS
(AVNT)
312
I.2.6.3
AV-JUNCTIONAL
TACHYCARDIAS
(AVJT)
313
1.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
315
1.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
316
TABLE
317
CHARTS
318
CHAPTER
J.
SUDDEN
CARDIAC
DEATH
AND
VENTRICULAR
ARRHYTHMIAS
321
J.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
321
J.1.1
DEFINITION
321
J.
1.2
SIGNIFICANCE
323
J.1.3
DIAGNOSIS
324
J.
1.4
RISKS
FOR
SUDDEN
CARDIAC
DEATH
325
J.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
328
J.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
328
J.2.2
SYMPTOMATIC
IMPROVEMENT
330
J.
2.2.1
.
IN
HARMLESS
VENTRICULAR
EXTRASYSTOLES
330
J.2.2.2
.
IN
ACUTE
VENTRICULAR
TACHYCARDIAS
330
J.2.2.2.1
TERMINATION
330
J.2.2.2.2
PREVENTION
331
XIV
J.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
341
J.2.3
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
IN
PATIENTS
AT
RISK
FOR
SCD
332
J.2.3.1
.
WITH
BETA-BLOCKERS
332
J.2.3.2
.
WITH
ACE
INHIBITORS
333
J.2.3.3
.
WITH
STATINS
334
J.2.3.4
.
WITH
FISH
OIL
335
J.2.3.
5
.
WITH
CLASS
I
ANTIARRHYTHMICS?
335
J.2.3.6
.
WITH
CLASS
III
ANTIARRHYTHMICS?
335
J.2.4
PROGNOSTIC
IMPROVEMENT
IN
OUT-OF-HOSPITAL
CARDIAC
ARREST
336
J.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
337
J.3.1
IS
ICD
SUPERIOR
TO
ANTIARRHYTHMIC
THERAPY?
337
J.3.1
.1
ICDS
IN
PRIMARY
PREVENTION
OF
SCD
337
J.3.1
.2
ICDS
IN
SECONDARY
PREVENTION
OF
SCD
338
J.3.2
COMBINE
ICD
WITH
MEDICINAL
THERAPY?
339
J.3.3
CURRENT
DEVELOPMENTAL
TRENDS
340
TABLE
CHART
342
343
CHAPTER
K.
PERIPHERAL
ARTERIAL
OCCLUSIVE
DISEASE
(PAOD)
345
K.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
345
K.1.1
DEFINITION
345
K.1
.2
SIGNIFICANCE
345
K.1
.3
DIAGNOSIS
346
K.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
348
K.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
348
K.2.2
PRIMARY
PREVENTION
OF
PAOD
349
K.2.3
PREVENTION
OF
PROGRESSION
OF
PAOD
349
K.2.3.1
PLATELET
INHIBITORS
350
K.2.3.1.
1
ASA
350
K.2.3.1.
2
TIDOPIDINE
350
K.2.3.1.
3
CLOPIDOGREL
351
K.2.3.2
ANTICOAGULANTS
351
K.2.3.3
ACE
INHIBITORS
351
K.2.3.4
STATINS
352
K.2.4
SYMPTOMATIC
IMPROVEMENT
IN
INTERMITTENT
CLAUDICATION
352
K.2.4.1
MEDICATION
353
K.2.4.1.
1
NAFTIDROFURYL
353
K.2.4.1.
2
PENTOXIFYLLINE
354
K.2.4.1.
3
TIDOPIDINE
354
K.2.4.1.
4
CILOSTAZOL
354
K.2.4.1.
5
PROSTAGLANDINS
354
K.2.4.2
REVASCULARIZATION
355
K.2.5
PAIN
RELIEF
AND
ABORTED
AMPUTATION
IN
CLI
356
K.2.6
LONG-TERM
PROPHYLAXIS
AFTER
REVASCULARIZATION
357
K.2.6.1
PTA
358
K.2.
6.2
PTA
WITH
STENT
IMPLANTATION
358
K.2.6.3
FIBRINOLYSIS
358
XV
XVI
K.2.6.4
SURGICAL
INTERVENTIONS
359
K.2.6.4.1
VENOUS
BYPASS
359
K.2.6.4.2
NON-VENOUS
BYPASS
359
K.2.6.4.3
THROMBENDARTERECTOMY
360
K.2.7
PREVENTION
OF
CARDIOVASCULAR
EVENTS
360
K.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
362
K.3.1
ANGIOGENETIC
THERAPY
362
K.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
363
TABLE
364
CHARTS
366
CHAPTER
L.
PROPHYLAXIS
OF
DEEP
VENOUS
THROMBOSES
369
L1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
369
L.1.1
DEFINITION
369
L.1.2
SIGNIFICANCE
369
L.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
371
L.2.1
START
AND
DURATION
OF
PROPHYLAXIS
372
L.2.
2
TREATMENT
OF
ACUTE
DVT
372
L.2.3
PROPHYLAXIS
DURING
LONG-HAUL
FLIGHTS
373
L.2.4
PROPHYLAXIS
DURING
BED
REST
374
L.2.5
PROPHYLAXIS
IN
MAJOR
SURGERY
374
L.2.5.1
.
WITH
HEPARIN
OR
LMWHS
374
L.2.5.1
.1
COMPARISONS
WITH
PLACEBO
374
L.2.5.1.
2
COMPARISONS
OF
THROMBIN
INHIBITORS
375
L.2.5.2
.
WITH
FONDAPARINUX
376
L.2.
5.3
.
WITH
ASA
377
L.2.6
PROPHYLAXIS
AFTER
DVT
378
L.2.6.1
.
WITH
ORAL
ANTICOAGULANTS
378
L.3
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
379
TABLE
380
CHART
381
CHAPTER
M.
ISCHEMIC
CEREBRAL
INFARCTION
383
M.1
DEFINITION,
SIGNIFICANCE
AND
OTHER
ASPECTS
383
M.1.1
DEFINITION
383
M.1.2
SIGNIFICANCE
384
M.1.3
DIAGNOSIS
385
M.2
MEDICAL
THERAPY
386
M.2.1
TREATMENT
OF
ACUTE
ISCHEMIC
STROKE
386
M.2.1.
1
.
WITH
ASA
387
M.2.1.
2
.
WITH
FIBRINOLYTIC
AGENTS
387
M.2.1
.3
.
WITH
HEPARIN
OR
LMWHS
389
M.2.1.
4
.
WITH
CALCIUM
CHANNEL
BLOCKERS
390
M.2.1.
5
.
WITH
OTHER
MEDICATIONS
391
M.2.2
PROPHYLAXIS
OF
CARDIO-EMBOLIC
STROKE
391
M.2.2.1
PROPERTIES
OF
COUMARINS
392
M.2.2.2
ANTICOAGULATION
OR
PLATELET
INHIBITION?
393
M.2.3
PROPHYLAXIS
AFTER
CAROTID
INTERVENTIONS
394
M.2.3.1
.
AFTER
CAROTID
ENDARTERECTOMY
394
M.2.3.2
.
AFTER
CAROTID
ANGIOPLASTY
OR
STENTING
394
M.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
395
M.3.1
CAROTID
ENDARTERECTOMY
OR
ANGIOPLASTY
395
M.3.1.1
CAROTID
ENDARTERECTOMY
(CEA)
395
M.3.
1.2
CAROTID
ANGIOPLASTY
AND
STENTING
(CAS)
396
M.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
398
TABLES
399
CHARTS
402
CHAPTER
N.
PRIMARY
PREVENTION
OF
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASES
405
N.1
DEFINITION,
RISK
ASSESSMENT,
AND
ASSOCIATIONS
405
N.1
.1
DEFINITION
405
N.1.2
RISK
ASSESSMENT
408
N.1.
3
CURRENT
RISK
MARKERS
AND
RISK
FACTORS
409
N.1.
4
ASSOCIATIONS
WITH
LONG-TERM
RISK
411
N.1.
4.1
.
OF
"NON-MODIFIABLE"
RISK
FACTORS
411
N.1.
4.2
.
OF
CLASSIC
"MODIFIABLE"
RISK
FACTORS
411
N.1.
4.2.1
SMOKING
411
N.1.
4.2.2
BLOOD
LIPID
VALUES
411
N.1.
4.2.3
DIETARY
HABITS
412
N.1.
4.2.4
HYPERTENSION
413
N.1.
4.2.5
PRE-DIABETES
AND
DIABETES
413
N.1.
4.2.6
PHYSICAL
INACTIVITY
414
N.1
.4.2.7
OBESITY
414
N.1
.4.3
.
OF
MORE
RECENT
BLOOD-RELATED
RISK
MARKERS
414
N.1.
4.4
.
OF
MORE
RECENT
NON-BLOOD-RELATED
RISK
MARKERS
417
N.2
INTERVENTIONS
419
N.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
419
N.2.2
INFLUENCING
CLASSIC
"MODIFIABLE"
RISK
FACTORS
420
N.2.2.1
SMOKING
420
N.2.2.2
BLOOD
LIPID
LEVELS
420
N.2.2.2.1
DIET
422
N.2.2.2.2
FIBRATES
422
N.2.2.2.3
STATINS
423
N.2.2.2.4
NICOTINIC
ACIDS
424
N.2.2.2.5
NEW
LIPID-LOWERING
AGENTS
424
N.2.2.2.6
FISH-OIL
DERIVATES
424
N.2.2.2.7
COMBINATIONS
425
N.2.2.3
DIETARY
HABITS
425
N.2.2.4
HYPERTENSION
428
N.2.2.5
PRE-DIABETES
AND
DIABETES
MELLITUS
428
N.2.2.6
PHYSICAL
INACTIVITY
430
N.2.2.7
OBESITY
431
N.2.
3
INFLUENCING
MORE
RECENT
BLOOD-RELATED
RISK
MARKERS
431
N.2.3.1
HEMOSTATIC
FACTORS
AND
PLATELET
FUNCTION
431
XVII
N.2.3.2
INFLAMMATION
MARKERS
(E.G.
C-REACTIVE
PROTEIN)
433
N.2.3.3
HOMOCYSTEINE
433
N.2.3.4
ANTIOXIDATIVE
VITAMINS
434
N.2.3.5
TRACE
ELEMENTS
435
N.2.3.6
THE
RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-SYSTEM
(RAS)
436
N.2.4
INFLUENCING
MORE
RECENT
NON-BLOOD-RELATED
RISK
MARKERS
437
N.2.4.1
PROTEINURIA
(AND
IMPAIRED
RENAL
FUNCTION)
437
N.2.4.2
LEFT-VENTRICULAR
HYPERTROPHY
439
N.2.4.3
HEART
RATE
VARIABILITY
(HRV)
440
N.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
441
N.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
442
TABLE
443
CHARTS
444
CHAPTER
0.
SECONDARY
PREVENTION
OF
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASES
451
0.1
DEFINITION,
AND
RISK
ASSESSMENT
451
0.1.1
DEFINITION
451
0.1.2
RISK
ASSESSMENT
452
0.2
INTERVENTIONS
453
0.2.1
THERAPEUTIC
GOALS
453
0.2.2
SECONDARY
PREVENTION
AFTER
MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION
454
0.2.3
SECONDARY
PREVENTION
AFTER
TIA
456
0.2.4
SECONDARY
PREVENTION
AFTER
ISCHEMIC
STROKE
458
0.2.5
PREVENTION
IN
MIXED
HIGH-RISK
COLLECTIVES
460
0.2.6
PREVENTION
FOLLOWING
REVASCULARIZATION
463
0.3
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
464
0.4
THERAPEUTIC
AND
DEVELOPMENTAL
GUIDELINES
465
TABLE
466
CHARTS
467
CHAPTER
P.
BASES
FOR
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
MEDICATION
469
P.1.1
BASIC
GOALS
IN
CLINICAL
STUDIES
469
P.1.2
CASE
NUMBERS
IN
CLINICAL
STUDIES
AND
DOSSIERS
470
P.1.3
AUTHORITIES
FOR
DRUG
APPROVALS
472
P.1.4
VARIOUS
TYPES
OF
CLINICAL
STUDIES
473
P.1.5
EVALUATION
OF
CLINICAL
STUDIES
474
P.1
.6
EVALUATION
OF
THE
RESULTS
OF
INTERVENTIONS
475
P.1
.7
EVALUATION
OF
DIAGNOSTIC
METHODS
478
P.1
.8
DRUG
APPROVALS:
ONE
OR
TWO
STUDIES?
479
P.1
.9
PUBLICATION
OF
CLINICAL
TRIALS
480
P.1.10
THERAPEUTIC
GUIDELINES
480
APPENDIX
483
LIST
OF
TABLES
483
LIST
OF
STUDY
CHARTS
483
LIST
AND
LEGENDS
OF
FIGURES
484
XVIII |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Schulz, Wolfgang Darius, Harald Kober, Gisbert |
| author_facet | Schulz, Wolfgang Darius, Harald Kober, Gisbert |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Schulz, Wolfgang |
| author_variant | w s ws h d hd g k gk |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV014569548 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)51178700 (DE-599)BVBBV014569548 |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| genre | Practice Guideline |
| genre_facet | Practice Guideline |
| id | DE-604.BV014569548 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-24T00:29:38Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3887630963 |
| language | English German |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009906563 |
| oclc_num | 51178700 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29 |
| owner_facet | DE-29 |
| physical | XIX, 514 S. graph. Darst. : 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2002 |
| publishDateSearch | 2002 |
| publishDateSort | 2002 |
| publisher | Medpharm Scientific Publ. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Schulz, Wolfgang Verfasser aut Kardiovaskuläre Therapie Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts W. Schulz ; H. Darius ; G. Kober 2. ed. Stuttgart Medpharm Scientific Publ. 2002 XIX, 514 S. graph. Darst. : 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cardiovascular Diseases therapy Practice Guideline Evidence-Based Medicine Practice Guideline Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 gnd rswk-swf Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit (DE-588)4024666-8 gnd rswk-swf Evidenz-basierte Medizin (DE-588)4543414-1 gnd rswk-swf Practice Guideline Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit (DE-588)4024666-8 s Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 s Evidenz-basierte Medizin (DE-588)4543414-1 s DE-604 Darius, Harald Verfasser aut Kober, Gisbert Verfasser aut DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009906563&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schulz, Wolfgang Darius, Harald Kober, Gisbert Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts Cardiovascular Diseases therapy Practice Guideline Evidence-Based Medicine Practice Guideline Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 gnd Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit (DE-588)4024666-8 gnd Evidenz-basierte Medizin (DE-588)4543414-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4076066-2 (DE-588)4024666-8 (DE-588)4543414-1 |
| title | Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts |
| title_alt | Kardiovaskuläre Therapie |
| title_auth | Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts |
| title_exact_search | Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts |
| title_full | Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts W. Schulz ; H. Darius ; G. Kober |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts W. Schulz ; H. Darius ; G. Kober |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular therapy evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts W. Schulz ; H. Darius ; G. Kober |
| title_short | Cardiovascular therapy |
| title_sort | cardiovascular therapy evidence based medicine questions and answers with 22 tables and 38 study charts |
| title_sub | evidence-based medicine ; questions and answers ; with 22 tables and 38 study charts |
| topic | Cardiovascular Diseases therapy Practice Guideline Evidence-Based Medicine Practice Guideline Pharmakotherapie (DE-588)4076066-2 gnd Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit (DE-588)4024666-8 gnd Evidenz-basierte Medizin (DE-588)4543414-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cardiovascular Diseases therapy Practice Guideline Evidence-Based Medicine Practice Guideline Pharmakotherapie Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit Evidenz-basierte Medizin Practice Guideline |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009906563&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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