Geographically weighted regression: the analysis of spatially varying relationships
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester
Wiley
2002
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 269 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780471496168 0471496162 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 008 | 020708s2002 abd| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9780471496168 |9 978-0-471-49616-8 | ||
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Geographically weighted regression |b the analysis of spatially varying relationships |c A. Stewart Fotheringham ; Chris Brunsdon ; Martin Charlton |
| 264 | 1 | |a Chichester |b Wiley |c 2002 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 269 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Geographic information systems | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spatial analysis (Statistics) | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Brunsdon, Chris |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)171743814 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Charlton, Martin |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)171743849 |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HEBIS Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009889524&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804129322157473792 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Geographically Weighted
Regression
the analysis of spatially varying relationships
A Stewart Fotheringham
Chris Brunsdon
Martin Charlton
University of Newcastle, UK
JOHN WILEY amp; SONS, LTD
Contents
Acknowledgements xi
1 Local Statistics and Local Models for Spatial Data 1
1 1 Introduction 1
1 2 Local Aspatial Statistical Methods 3
1 3 Local versus Global Spatial Statistics 6
1 4 Spatial Non-stationarity 9
1 5 Examples of Local Univariate Methods for Spatial Data Analysis 11
151 Local Forms of Point Pattern Analysis 11
152 Local Graphical Analysis 12
153 Local Filters 13
154 Local Measures of Spatial Dependency 14
1 6 Examples of Local Multivariate Methods for Spatial Data Analysis 15
161 The Spatial Expansion Method 16
162 Spatially Adaptive Filtering 17
163 Multilevel Modelling 18
164 Random Coefficient Models 20
165 Spatial Regression Models 21
1 7 Examples of Local Methods for Spatial Flow Modelling 24
1 8 Summary 25
2 Geographically Weighted Regression: The Basics 27
2 1 Introduction 27
2 2 An Empirical Example 27
221 The Data 28
222A Global Regression Model 28
223 Global Regression Results 34
2 3 Borough-Specific Calibrations of the Global Model 38
2 4 Moving Window Regression 42
2 5 Geographically Weighted Regression with Fixed Spatial Kernels 44
2 6 Geographically Weighted Regression with Adaptive Spatial Kernels 46
viii Contents
2 7 The Mechanics of GWR in More Detail 52
271 The Basic Methodology 52
272 Local Standard Errors 54
273 Choice of Spatial Weighting Function 56
274 Calibrating the Spatial Weighting Function 59
275 Bias-Variance Trade-Off 62
2 8 Testing for Spatial Non-stationarity 63
2 9 Summary 64
3 Extensions to the Basic GWR Model 65
3 1 Introduction 65
3 2 Mixed GWR Models 65
3 3 An Example 68
3 4 Outliers and Robust GWR 73
3 5 Spatially Heteroskedastic Models 80
3 6 Summary 82
4 Statistical Inference and Geographically Weighted Regression 83
4 1 Introduction 83
4 2 What is Meant by Inference1 and How Does it Relate to GWR? 84
421 How Likely is it that Some Fact is True on
the Basis of the Data? 85
422 Within What Interval Does Some Model Coefficient Lie? 85
423 Which One of a Series of Potential Mathematical
Models is Best ? 86
4 3 GWR as a Statistical Model 87
431 Local Likelihood 90
432 Using Classical Inference - Working with ^-values 91
433 Testing Individual Parameter Stationarity 92
4 4 Confidence Intervals 94
4 5 An Alternative Approach Using the AIC 95
4 6 Two Examples 97
461 Basic Estimates 97
462 Estimates of Pointwise Standard Errors 99
463 Working with the AIC 99
4 7 Summary 102
5 GWR and Spatial Autocorrelation 103
5 1 Introduction 103
5 2 The Empirical Setting 104
5 3 Local Measures of Spatial Autocorrelation using GWR 104
5 4 Residuals in Global Regression Models and in GWR 112
5 5 Local Parameter Estimates from Autoregressive and
Non-Autoregressive Models 117
5 6 Spatial Regression Models and GWR 121
Contents ix
561 Overview 121
562 Conditional Autoregressive (CA) Models 122
563 Simultaneous Autoregressive (SA) Models 122
564 GWR, Conditional Autoregressive Models and
Simultaneous Autoregressive Models 123
5 7 Summary 124
6 Scale Issues and Geographically Weighted Regression 127
6 1 Introduction 127
6 2 Bandwidth and Scale: The Example of School Performance
Analysis 130
621 Introduction 130
622 The School Performance Data 131
623 Global Regression Results 133
624 Local Regression Results 134
6 3 GWR and the MAUP 144
631 Introduction 144
632 An Experiment 147
6 4 Summary 153
7 Geographically Weighted Local Statistics 159
7 1 Introduction 159
7 2 Basic Ideas 161
73A Single Continuous Variable 163
7 4 Two Continuous Variables 173
75A Single Binary Variable 175
76A Pair of Binary Variables 177
7 7 Towards More Robust Geographically Weighted Statistics 181
7 8 Summary 183
8 Extensions of Geographical Weighting 187
8 1 Introduction 187
8 2 Geographically Weighted Generalised Linear Models 188
821A Poisson GWGLM 190
822A Binomial GWGLM 193
8 3 Geographically Weighted Principal Components 196
831 Local Multivariate Models 196
832 Calibrating Local Multivariate Models 198
833 Interpreting I and p 199
834 An Example 200
8 4 Geographically Weighted Density Estimation 202
841 Kernel Density Estimation 202
842 Geographically Weighted Kernels 203
843 An Example Using House Prices 203
8 5 Summary 205
x Contents
9 Software for Geographically Weighted Regression 207
9 1 Introduction 207
9 2 Some Terminology 208
9 3 The Data File 208
9 4 What Do I Need to Specify? 209
9 5 Kernels 210
9 6 Choosing a Bandwidth 211
961 User-Supplied Bandwidth 211
962 Estimation by Cross-validation 212
963 Estimation by Minimising the AIC 212
964 The Golden Section Search 212
9 7 Significance Tests 213
9 8 Casewise Diagnostics for GWR 214
981 Standardised Residuals 214
982 Local r-square 215
983 Influence Statistics 216
99A Worked Example 216
991 Running GWR 2 0 on a PC 216
992 The Outputs 224
993 Running GWR 2 0 under UNIX 230
9 10 Visualising the Output 231
9 10 1 Viewing the Results in ArcView 233
9 10 2 Point Symbols 234
9 10 3 Area Symbols 236
9 10 4 Contour Plots 237
9 10 5 Pseudo-3D Display 238
9 11 Summary 239
10 Epilogue 241
10 1 Overview 241
10 2 Summarising the Book 242
10 3 Empirical Applications of GWR 243
10 4 Software Development 245
10 4 1 Embedding GWR in Larger Packages 246
10 4 2 Software Extending the Basic GWR Idea 247
10 5 Cautionary Notes 248
10 5 1 Multiple Hypothesis Testing 249
10 5 2 Locally Varying Intercepts 251
10 5 3 Interpretation of Parameter Surfaces 251
10 6 Summary 252
Bibliography 255
Index 267
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T19:03:18Z |
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| isbn | 9780471496168 0471496162 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XII, 269 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2002 |
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| publisher | Wiley |
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| spelling | Fotheringham, Alexander Stewart 1954- Verfasser (DE-588)122530578 aut Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships A. Stewart Fotheringham ; Chris Brunsdon ; Martin Charlton Chichester Wiley 2002 XII, 269 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geographic information systems Spatial analysis (Statistics) Regressionsanalyse (DE-588)4129903-6 gnd rswk-swf Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 gnd rswk-swf Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 s Regressionsanalyse (DE-588)4129903-6 s DE-604 Brunsdon, Chris Verfasser (DE-588)171743814 aut Charlton, Martin Verfasser (DE-588)171743849 aut HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009889524&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Fotheringham, Alexander Stewart 1954- Brunsdon, Chris Charlton, Martin Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships Geographic information systems Spatial analysis (Statistics) Regressionsanalyse (DE-588)4129903-6 gnd Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4129903-6 (DE-588)4020216-1 |
| title | Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships |
| title_auth | Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships |
| title_exact_search | Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships |
| title_full | Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships A. Stewart Fotheringham ; Chris Brunsdon ; Martin Charlton |
| title_fullStr | Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships A. Stewart Fotheringham ; Chris Brunsdon ; Martin Charlton |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships A. Stewart Fotheringham ; Chris Brunsdon ; Martin Charlton |
| title_short | Geographically weighted regression |
| title_sort | geographically weighted regression the analysis of spatially varying relationships |
| title_sub | the analysis of spatially varying relationships |
| topic | Geographic information systems Spatial analysis (Statistics) Regressionsanalyse (DE-588)4129903-6 gnd Geografie (DE-588)4020216-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geographic information systems Spatial analysis (Statistics) Regressionsanalyse Geografie |
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