Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses: evidence from Indian small scale industry
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Frankfurt am Main u.a.
Lang
2002
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Development economics and policy
27 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 215 S. |
| ISBN: | 3631393202 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses |b evidence from Indian small scale industry |c Dietrich Müller-Falcke |
| 264 | 1 | |a Frankfurt am Main u.a. |b Lang |c 2002 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Information technology |x Economic aspects |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Information technology |x Economic aspects |z India | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | IX
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD V
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VII
ABBREVIATIONS XIII
LIST OF TABLES XV
LIST OF ANNEX TABLES XVII
LIST OF FIGURES XIX
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Problem setting 1
1.2. Research questions and motivation 2
1.3. Study structure 2
2. SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES AND INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICTS) IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES 5
2.1. The impact of ICTs on business development 5
2.1.1. Definition and specificity of ICTs 5
2.1.2. ICTs and economic development 7
2.1.3. ICT infrastructure in developing countries 8
2.1.4. ICTs and business performance 11
2.1.4.1. The impact of ICTs on organisations productivity, flexibility
and scale 11
2.1.4.2. Evidence from developing countries 13
2.2. Issues of small scale enterprise development 14
2.2.1. Defining small scale enterprises 14
2.2.2. Specific features and problems of small scale enterprise 16
2.2.2.1. Explaining the existence of small scale enterprises 16
2.2.2.2. The role of the entrepreneur 17
2.2.2.3. Information problem in small scale enterprises 18
2.2.2.4. Resource problem of small scale enterprises 20
2.2.3. Small scale enterprises in developing countries 21
2.3. Summing up: ICTs and small scale enterprise development 22
x 3. PATTERNS OF ICT USE IN INDIAN SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY
ENTERPRISES 25
3.1. Background and framework conditions 25
3.1.1. Small Scale Industry in India 25
3.1.1.1. The Indian definition of Small Scale Industry 25
3.1.1.2. Indian Small Scale Industry politics 26
3.1.1.3. Sectoral development of Indian Small Scale Industry 29
3.1.1.4. Perceived problems of Small Scale Industry development 31
3.1.1.5. Technology and innovation in Small Scale Industry enterprises 32
3.1.2. India s markets for telecommunications and information technologies 33
3.1.2.1. Introduction 33
3.1.2.2. Liberalisation and regulation of fixed line telephony,
cellular phone and paging networks 34
3.1.2.3. The development of the Internet in India 40
3.1.2.4. Telecommunications and Internet in Tamil Nadu and Chennai 44
3.1.3. Framework conditions in Ambattur Industrial Estate 46
3.2. Survey design, sampling process and execution of interviews 47
3.2.1. Survey design 47
3.2.2. Sampling process 48
3.3. General enterprise characteristics 49
3.3.1. Industry sectors 49
3.3.2. Enterprise performance 50
3.3.3. Exports 54
3.3.4. Competition, sources of competitiveness and business problems 54
3.3.5. Expectations 57
3.3.6. Summary 58
3.4. Evidence of telecommunications and information technologies
usage 59
3.4.1. Overview 59
3.4.2. Telecommunication 61
3.4.2.1. Telephones 61
3.4.2.2. Fax machines 61
3.4.2.3. Pagers and cellular phones 63
3.4.3. Information technologies 66
3.4.3.1. Computers 66
3.4.3.2. Internet 69
3.4.4. Comparing technologies 71
4. DETERMINANTS OF ICT ADOPTION AND USE 75
4.1. introduction 75
4.2. Technology adoption: An overview over different approaches 75
4.2.1. Basic questions and the history of diffusion and adoption research 75
4.2.2. Economic approaches to the diffusion of innovations 77
4.2.2.1. Epidemic models 77
XI
4.2.2.2. Equilibrium models 79
4.2.2.3. Evolutional economics approach to diffusion 81
4.2.2.4. Probit models 82
4.2.3. Diffusion framework by Rogers 84
4.3. Evidence of ICT adoption in small scale enterprises 85
4.3.1. Adoption of innovations in small scale enterprises 85
4.3.2. Specific characteristics of ICT innovations 88
4.3.3. Selected empirical evidence of ICT adoption in industrialised
country SMEs 88
4.3.4. Empirical evidence of ICT adoption in developing country
small scale enterprises 91
4.4. Towards a model of ICT adoption in developing country
SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES 95
4.4.1. General remarks 95
4.4.2. Personal dimension 97
4.4.3. Organisational dimension 98
4.4.4. Environmental dimension 98
4.4.5. Technological dimension 99
4.4.6. The general model 99
4.5. Analysis of technology adoption and intensity of use
from survey data 100
4.5.1. Identifying adoption determinants 100
4.5.1.1. General problems 100
4.5.1.2. Personal dimension 102
4.5.1.3. Organisational dimension 103
4.5.1.4. Environmental dimension 105
4.5.1.5. Summary 107
4.5.2. Determinants of ICT adoption at the time of the survey 108
4.5.2.1. Problem setting and selection of models 108
4.5.2.2. Hypotheses building and specification of the regression model 110
4.5.2.3. Results 112
4.5.2.4. Conclusion 119
4.5.3. Determinants of the timing of ICT adoption 120
4.5.3.1. Problem setting and Tobit regression model 120
4.5.3.2. Hypotheses and specification of the Tobit model 121
4.5.3.3. Results 123
4.5.3.4. Conclusion 127
4.5.4. Determinants of the intensity of ICT use 128
4.5.4.1. Identifying intensity parameters and appropriate regression models . 128
4.5.4.2. Hypotheses and specification of models 131
4.5.4.3. Results 136
4.5.4.4. Conclusion 146
4.6. Discussion of results 147
201 5. THE IMPACT OF ICTS ON SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES
PERFORMANCE 149
5.1. Measuring the impact of ICTs on small scale enterprises
issues and problems 149
5.1.1. ICTs and productivity 149
5.1.2. ICTs and qualitative characteristics the example of flexibility 150
5.1.3. Measuring business performance by observable outcome indicators 151
5.1.3.1. Basic argument 151
5.1.3.2. Some evidence 152
5.2. ANALYSIS OF SURVEY DATA 153
5.2.1. Introductory remarks 153
5.2.2. Perceived effects and anecdotal evidence 154
5.2.3. Linking performance indicators and ICT use 155
5.2.3.1. Selection of adequate performance indicators 155
5.2.3.2. ICT use indicators 158
5.2.3.3. Results 160
5.2.3.4. Discussion 166
5.3. Conclusion 167
6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 169
6.1. Summary 169
6.2. Conclusions and recommendations 170
6.3. Limitations and further research needs 171
REFERENCES 173
ANNEX 189
Annex 1: Indian Basic ICT and Media Indicators (1960 2000) 190
Annex 2: Execution of interviews 191
annex3: comparing enterprises by position of the interviewed person.. 192
Annex 4: Principal Component Analysis for variables of the
environmental dimension 194
Annex 5: Correlation coefficients of explanatory variables 199
Annex 6: Probit regression 201
A.6.1 Binominal Probit Regression 201
A.6.2 Ordered Probit regression 202
Annex 7: Goodness of fit measures 204
A.7.1 Goodness of fit measures in Probit regressions 204
A.7.1.1 Chi Squared statistic test 204
A.7.1.2 Pseudo R2 measures 204
A.7.1.3 Prediction accuracy 204
A.7.1.4 Comparing the results from 4.4.2 205
A.7.2 Pseudo R2 measures in Tobit regressions 205
Annex 8: regression coefficients 206
Annex 9: Tests for independence of samples 209
xv
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2 1: Selected telecommunication and Internet indicators by country group 9
Table 2 2: Application of qualitative indicators of enterprise size 15
Table 3 1: Investment limits in plants and machinery for small industry sectors: 25
Table 3 2: Characteristics of tiny and non tiny small scale enterprises 27
Table 3 3: Composition of output of the Small Scale sector 30
Table 3 4: Development of the Small Scale Industry sector 1990/91 1999/2000.. 30
Table 3 5: The Growth of the Internet in India 40
Table 3 6: Internet Subscriber Base by User Segment by 31.07.1999 42
Table 3 7: Sectors of interviewed enterprises 50
Table 3 8: Size of interviewed enterprises 52
Table 3 9: Size and labour productivity by sector 52
Table 3 10: Profit situation in the sample enterprises 53
Table 3 11: Net profits in terms of turnover by sector 53
Table 3 12: Importance of various factors for competitiveness 55
Table 3 13: Perceived intensity of competition 56
Table 3 14: Perceived problems of doing business 57
Table 3 15: Expected changes in the enterprise during the next 3 years 58
Table 3 16: Information and communication technologies used by the interviewed
enterprises 60
Table 3 17: Fax receivers location in percent by frequency of fax use 62
Table 3 18: Perceived effects of fax usage 63
Table 3 19: The use of pagers and cellular phones in the sample enterprises 63
Table 3 20: Enterprise size and use of pagers and cellular phones 64
Table 3 21: Price of Cellular Phones 65
Table 3 22: Computer applications use 67
Table 3 23: Perceived effects of computer use 69
Table 3 24: Perceived effects of e mail use in relation to exporting activities 70
Table 3 25: Perceived benefits of using the WWW 71
Table 3 26: Relation between exports and technology use in the enterprise 72
Table 3 27: Relation between size and technology use in the enterprise 73
Table 4 1: Model of entrepreneurial behaviour in technology adoption 87
Table 4 2: Selected descriptive statistics for continuous explanatory variables 107
Table 4 3: Selected descriptive statistics for dummy explanatory variables 107
Table 4 4: Values assumed by dependent variables 112
xvi —
Table 4 5: Results of (binominal) Probit regression on adoption of ICTs 114
Table 4 6: Results of ordered Probit regression on adoption of ICTs 115
Table 4 7: Details of dependent variables 123
Table 4 8: Results of Tobit regression on time of adoption 124
Table 4 9: Descriptive statistics of intensity variables 129
Table 4 10: Reasons of using and owning fax 132
Table 4 11: Reasons of using cellular phones 132
Table 4 12: Perceived effects of fax use 133
Table 4 13: Perceived effects of cellular phone use 133
Table 4 14: Perceived effects of e mail use 134
Table 4 15: Regression results for intensity of fax use
(including fax office users) 138
Table 4 16: Regression results for intensity of fax use (fax owners only) 140
Table 4 17: Regression results for intensity of cellular phone use 142
Table 4 18: Regression results for intensity of e mail use 144
Table 5 1: Improvement of the enterprise s competitiveness through the
use of ICTs 154
Table 5 2: Improvement of administration s efficiency through the use of ICTs.... 155
Table 5 3: Basic statistics for labour productivity and growth of labour
productivity 156
Table 5 4: Basic statistics for net profit and profit growth 156
Table 5 5: Importance of computer skills for new administrative staff 157
Table 5 6: Average wage surcharge for employees with computer skills 157
Table 5 7: Basis statistics for wage and skills in administration and
management 158
Table 5 8: Basic statistics for enterprise growth 158
Table 5 9: Categorising ICT users by adoption time 160
Table 5 10: Categorising levels of ICT use 160
Table 5 11: Performance variables for fax owners and non owners 161
Table 5 12: Performance variables for pager users and non users 161
Table 5 13: Performance variables for cellular phone users and non users 162
Table 5 14: Performance variables for computer users and non users 162
Table 5 15: Performance variables for e mail users and non users 163
Table 5 16: Kruskal Wallis Test for independence adoption categories 164
Table 5 17: Kruskal Wallis Test for independence of ICT use categories 165
XVII
LIST OF ANNEX TABLES
Table A 3 1: Mean of enterprise characteristics by position of the
interviewed person 192
Table A 3 2.: Testing for equality of means from Table A 3 1 193
Table A 4 1: Tests for the appropriateness of principle component
analysis 195
Table A 4 2: Calculation and identification of factors 196
Table A 4 3: Factor loadings for market environment factors 197
Table A 5 1: Correlation matrix for explanatory variables for
adoption and time of adoption 199
Table A 5 2: Correlation matrix for reasons for using and owning fax 200
Table A 5 3: Correlation matrix for reasons of using cellular phone 200
Table A 7 1: Comparison of goodness of fit measures 205
Table A 8 1: Probit coefficients for Table 4 5 206
Table A 8 2: Tobit coefficients for Table 4 8 207
Table A 8 3: Regression coefficients for Probit and Tobit regressions
in Table 4 15, Table 4 16, Table 4 17 and Table 4 18 208
Table A 9 1: Non parametric test values for independence of user
and non user samples 209
Table A 9 2: Mean ranks of fax ownership 210
Table A 9 3: Mean ranks of pager use 210
Table A 9 4: Mean ranks of cellular phone use 211
Table A 9 5: Mean ranks of computer use 211
Table A 9 6: Mean ranks of e mail use 212
Table A 9 7: Mean ranks of adopter categories for fax ownership 212
Table A 9 8: Mean ranks of adopter categories for pagers 213
Table A 9 9: Mean ranks of adopter categories for cellular phone 213
Table A 9 10: Mean ranks of adopter categories for e mail use 214
Table A 9 11: Mean ranks of adopter categories for ICT use categories 215
xix
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2 1: Components of information and communication technologies 5
Figure 2 2: Systemic view of information and communication technologies 6
Figure 3 1: Cellular phone subscribers in India (1997 2000) 38
Figure 3 2: Cellular phone subscribers in Chennai (1997 2000) 46
Figure 3 3: Year enterprises were founded 50
Figure 3 4: Diffusion of communication technologies over time 60
Figure 4 1: Determinants of individual technology adoption decisions 100
Figure 4 2: Model of ICT adoption and usage decisions 108
Figure 4 3: Influence of size on technology adoption 117
Figure 4 4: Influence of size on time of technology adoption 126
Figure 5 1: Adopter categorisation by Rogers 159
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Indien Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd Indien (DE-588)4026722-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Indien Entwicklungsländer |
| id | DE-604.BV014111860 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:57:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3631393202 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009668798 |
| oclc_num | 49977053 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-739 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-384 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-739 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-384 DE-188 |
| physical | XIX, 215 S. |
| publishDate | 2002 |
| publishDateSearch | 2002 |
| publishDateSort | 2002 |
| publisher | Lang |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Development economics and policy |
| series2 | Development economics and policy |
| spelling | Müller-Falcke, Dietrich Verfasser aut Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry Dietrich Müller-Falcke Frankfurt am Main u.a. Lang 2002 XIX, 215 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Development economics and policy 27 Zugl.: Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 2001 Entwicklungsländer Information technology Economic aspects Developing countries Information technology Economic aspects India Small business Developing countries Small business India Telecommunication Developing countries Telecommunication India Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 gnd rswk-swf Unternehmensentwicklung (DE-588)4125011-4 gnd rswk-swf Informationstechnik (DE-588)4026926-7 gnd rswk-swf Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 gnd rswk-swf Kommunikationstechnik (DE-588)4031888-6 gnd rswk-swf Indien Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd rswk-swf Indien (DE-588)4026722-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 g Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 s Informationstechnik (DE-588)4026926-7 s Kommunikationstechnik (DE-588)4031888-6 s DE-604 Indien (DE-588)4026722-2 g Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 s Unternehmensentwicklung (DE-588)4125011-4 s Development economics and policy 27 (DE-604)BV010533560 27 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009668798&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Müller-Falcke, Dietrich Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry Development economics and policy Entwicklungsländer Information technology Economic aspects Developing countries Information technology Economic aspects India Small business Developing countries Small business India Telecommunication Developing countries Telecommunication India Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 gnd Unternehmensentwicklung (DE-588)4125011-4 gnd Informationstechnik (DE-588)4026926-7 gnd Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 gnd Kommunikationstechnik (DE-588)4031888-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4031031-0 (DE-588)4125011-4 (DE-588)4026926-7 (DE-588)4027089-0 (DE-588)4031888-6 (DE-588)4014954-7 (DE-588)4026722-2 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry |
| title_auth | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry |
| title_exact_search | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry |
| title_full | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry Dietrich Müller-Falcke |
| title_fullStr | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry Dietrich Müller-Falcke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses evidence from Indian small scale industry Dietrich Müller-Falcke |
| title_short | Use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries' small businesses |
| title_sort | use and impact of information and communication technologies in developing countries small businesses evidence from indian small scale industry |
| title_sub | evidence from Indian small scale industry |
| topic | Entwicklungsländer Information technology Economic aspects Developing countries Information technology Economic aspects India Small business Developing countries Small business India Telecommunication Developing countries Telecommunication India Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (DE-588)4031031-0 gnd Unternehmensentwicklung (DE-588)4125011-4 gnd Informationstechnik (DE-588)4026926-7 gnd Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 gnd Kommunikationstechnik (DE-588)4031888-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Entwicklungsländer Information technology Economic aspects Developing countries Information technology Economic aspects India Small business Developing countries Small business India Telecommunication Developing countries Telecommunication India Klein- und Mittelbetrieb Unternehmensentwicklung Informationstechnik Innovation Kommunikationstechnik Indien Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009668798&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV010533560 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mullerfalckedietrich useandimpactofinformationandcommunicationtechnologiesindevelopingcountriessmallbusinessesevidencefromindiansmallscaleindustry |