Phonology: an introduction to basic concepts
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2000
|
| Ausgabe: | digital print. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Cambridge textbooks in linguistics
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 362 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0521237289 0521281830 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804128821206581248 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface page
ХШ
To the student
xvii
I
Preliminaries: what is phonology? and some
related matters
1
I.I
The domain
I
1.2
Areas of agreement
3
•-З
On facts, theories, and truth
6
Notes and references
9
2
Foundations: the phoneme concept
II
2.1
Segmentation and classification
11
2.2
Units, realizations, distributions
Ч
2-3
Excess of data: the phoneme as a solution
5
2.4
Criteria for phonemic status
18
2-5
Phonemic analysis and restricting conditions
21
2.6
Simplicity, symmetry, pattern: the as-if argument
25
2-7
Problems,
1:
biuniqueness and overlapping
27
2.8
Problems, n: linearity violations
30
2-9
Problems, in: separation of levels
31
2.IO
Problems,
iv:
failure of allophonic rules
34
2.1
I
A salvage operation for separation of levels: juncture
phonemes
36
Notes and references
38
3
Opposition, neutralization, features
39
З-«
Neutralization and the archiphoneme
39
3-2
The structure of phonological oppositions
4>
3-3
Multiple neutralization
46
3-4
Neutralization types and archiphoneme representatives
49
3-5
Neutralization vs. defective distribution: reprise
hi
Notes and references
53
Contents
4 Interfaces: morphophonemic
alternations and
sandhi 55
4.1 Morphophonemic
alternations
55
4.2
Morphophonemics as an
interleveľ
57
4.3
Process morphophonemics: Bloomfield
59
4.4
The Unique Underlier Condition
63
4.5
The UUC and the Latin consonant-stems
64
4.6
Summary: implications of underlying forms and processes
68
4.7
Sandhi
69
Notes and references
73
5
Ultimate constituents ,
1:
binary features
75
5.1
Feature theory
75
5.1.1
Jakobsonian distinctive features
75
5.1.2
Distinctiveness and redundancy
78
5.2
Features and natural classes
80
5.3
A tentative set of
segmental
phonological features
82
5.3.1
Major class features
83
5.3.2
Cavity features
84
5.3.2.1
Primary strictures
84
5.3.2.2
Tongue-body features
85
5.3.2.3
Some problems in vowel specification
86
5.3.3
Multiple articulations
87
5.3.4
Lip attitude
88
5.3.5
Length of stricture
89
5.3.6
Secondary apertures
89
5.3.7
Manner features
89
5.3.8
Source features
90
5.3.9
Aspiration
91
5.3.10
Long vowels, diphthongs, and long consonants
91
5.3л і
Airstreams
92
5.4
Features in phonological description: first steps
93
5.4.1
Segment inventories
¿ГГ
5.4.2
Phonological rules g^
5.5
Capturing natural classes: the role of acoustic features
97
Notes and references
100
6
Ultimate constituents , a: non-binary features and
internal segment structure
102
6.1
The homogeneity assumption
102
6.2
Dissolving binarity: arguments from vowel height
104
6.3
Non-binary consonantal features
107
Contents
6.4
Internal segment structure,
1 :
sequential values
111
6.5
Internal segment structure,
2:
the concept of gesture
r
13
6.6
A problem: auditory/articulatory asymmetry in vowels u8
Notes and references
122
7
Phonological systems
125
7.1
The status of systems
125
7.2
The English Vowel Shift: the argument from non-
participation
126
7.3
The argument from cyclical shifts
129
7.4
Phonological
universais
and markedness
131
7.5
System typology,
1:
vowel systems
134
7.5.1
Introduction: what phonemes does a language have ?
134
7.5.2
Long vowels and diphthongs
135
7.5.3
Basic vowel system types
139
7.6
System typology,
и:
consonant systems
147
7.6.1
Obstruents,
1 :
stops
147
7.6.2
Obstruents, a: fricatives
151
7.6.3
Some generalizations about obstruents
153
7.6.4
Sonorants,
1 :
nasals
155
7.6.5
Sonorants,
2:
liquids
157
7.6.6
Sonorants,
3:
semivowels ( glides , vocoid approximants)
159
7.7
What phonemes does a language have ? revisited
160
7.8
Polysystematicity and neutralization
163
Notes and references
166
8
Phonological processes
169
8.1
The concept of process: terminology, theory, problems
169
8.2
Assimilation and dissimilation
171
8.2.1
Direction and contiguity
171
8.2.2
Basic assimilation and dissimilation types
173
8.2.3
Acoustic assimilation
175
8.3
Phonological strength
177
8.3.1
Lenition
and fortition
177
8.3.2
Preferential environments and protection
181
8.3.3
More on strength hierarchies
183
8.4
Whole segment processes: insertion, deletion, reordering
183
8.4.1
Insertion
184
8.4.2
Deletion
186
8.4.3
Reordering
188
8.5
Complex processes and abbreviatory notations
ідо
8.6
Natural processes, evaluation measures, and explanation
195
Notes and references
201
vii
Contents
g
The limits of abstraction:
generative
phonology
203
9.1
The conceptual core: relation by mediation
203
9.2
Abstract analysis: the German velar nasal
205
9.3
Abstract segments and absolute neutralization: Hungarian
vowel harmony
208
9.4
Some arguments against abstract solutions
211
9.5
Testing abstract analyses: the role of external evidence
214
9.6
Constraining the theory
222
9.7
Abstractness: some conclusions
232
Notes and references
233
ι ο
Beyond the segment: prosodies, syllables, and
quantity
236
10.1
Reduction : how primitive are primitives?
236
10.2
Prosodie
phonology
238
10.2.1
A first approach to prosodies
238
10.2.2
Types of prosodies
242
10.2.3 The
prosodie
treatment of vowel harmony
244
10.3
Syllables
248
10.3.1
Preliminaries
248
10.3.2
The reality of the syllable: quantity
250
10.3.3
Canonical quantity and compensation
257
10.3.4
More arguments for the syllable
260
10.3.5
Delimiting syllables
262
10.3.6
Interludes
267
Notes and references
268
11
Dependency relations
271
11.1
The concept of dependency
271
11.2
Intrasegmental dependencies: the structure of vowels
274
11.3
Vocalic processes in a dependency framework
279
11.4
The structure of consonants: the
categorial
gesture
282
11.5
The articulatory gesture
285
11.6
The initiatory gesture
289
11.7
Lenition
revisited
291
Notes and references
293
12
Non-static phonology: connected speech and
variation
294
12.1
Preliminaries
294
12.2
Connected and casual speech
295
12.3
Systemic effects, tempo hierarchies, and rule interactions
298
viii
Contents
12.4 Variation and variables:
the social dimension
304
12.5
Individual variation: the lexical dimension
310
Notes and references
313
13
Phonological change
315
13.1
What changes? Phonetic change and phonologization
315
13.2
Split and merger
318
13.3
Morphophonemic rules, morphologization, and analogy
320
13.4
The mechanism of sound change
322
13.4.1
Regularity and reconstructability
322
13.4.2
Lexical diffusion and the origin of regularity
324
13.4.3
Phonetic gradualness: variation and change
329
13.4.4
Phonetic gradualness and missing links
332
Notes and references
338
Appendix: phonetic and other symbols
339
References
343
General index
353
Index of names
361
|
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| spelling | Lass, Roger 1937- Verfasser (DE-588)120412209 aut Phonology an introduction to basic concepts Roger Lass digital print. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2000 XIX, 362 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cambridge textbooks in linguistics phonology Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd rswk-swf Phonologie (DE-588)4045836-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 s Phonologie (DE-588)4045836-2 s 1\p DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009561946&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Lass, Roger 1937- Phonology an introduction to basic concepts phonology Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Phonologie (DE-588)4045836-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014777-0 (DE-588)4045836-2 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Phonology an introduction to basic concepts |
| title_auth | Phonology an introduction to basic concepts |
| title_exact_search | Phonology an introduction to basic concepts |
| title_full | Phonology an introduction to basic concepts Roger Lass |
| title_fullStr | Phonology an introduction to basic concepts Roger Lass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phonology an introduction to basic concepts Roger Lass |
| title_short | Phonology |
| title_sort | phonology an introduction to basic concepts |
| title_sub | an introduction to basic concepts |
| topic | phonology Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Phonologie (DE-588)4045836-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | phonology Englisch Phonologie Lehrbuch |
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