Politics and economics of tropical high forest management: a case study of Ghana
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht [u.a.]
Kluwer Acad. Publ.
2001
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Forestry sciences
68 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXVI, 212 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0792369319 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Politics and economics of tropical high forest management |b a case study of Ghana |c by Thorsten Treue |
| 264 | 1 | |a Dordrecht [u.a.] |b Kluwer Acad. Publ. |c 2001 | |
| 300 | |a XXVI, 212 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Forêts - Aspect économique - Ghāna | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Forêts - Gestion - Ghāna | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Politique forestière - Ghāna | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Forest management |z Ghana | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Forest policy |z Ghana | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Forests and forestry |x Economic aspects |z Ghana | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Politics and economics of tropical high forest management
Autor: Treue, Thorsten
Jahr: 2001
Contents
Foreword, P. Helles...............................................................................................................x
Preface................................................................................................................................. xi
Executive Summary............................................................................................................xiii
The Timber Resource and Harvest............................................................................xiii
The Economics of Timber Exploitation....................................................................xvii
Bights to Benefits from Timber Exploitation.............................................................xix
Exchange Rates Used........................................................................................................xxii
Price Indexes Used............................................................................................................xxiii
Acronyms...........................................................................................................................xxiv
1 Introduction........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Objective of the Study.............................................................................................1
1.2 Methodology............................................................................................................2
1.2.1 Literature..........................................................................................................3
1.2.2 Semi-structured Interviews...............................................................................3
2 Brief Introduction to Ghana s High Forest Zone................................................................4
2.1 Forest Type and Vegetation Zones.........................................................................4
2.2 Biodiversity.............................................................................................................5
3 General Issues on Trees and Forests in the High Forest Zone..............................................6
3.1 Functions of Trees and Forests the High Forest Zone...............................................7
3.1.1 Timber...............................................................................................................8
3.1.2Fuelwood...........................................................................................................8
3.1.3 Non-timber Forest Products...............................................................................8
3.1.4 Watershed Protection and Shelter Belts............................................................10
3.1.5 Refuge for Flora and Fauna..............................................................................10
3.1.6 Sacred Areas....................................................................................................11
3.1.7 Trees on Farmland............................................................................................11
3.2 Deforestation in the High Forest Zone...................................................................12
3.2.1 The Economic Recovery Programme and Timber Exploitation.........................12
4 The Timber Resource Base, Early Estimates......................................................................16
4.1 The Growing Stock in 1985...................................................................................16
4.1.1 National Estimates in 1985 of the Growing Stock............................................17
4.1.2 National Estimates in 1985 of Annual Growth and AAC...................................17
4.2 Recommendations on the Timber Harvest in 1985..................................................18
4.2.1 The Stated Warnings and Unstated Risks..........................................................19
5 National Forest Inventory (1985-89)..................................................................................20
5.1 Background of the Forest Inventory Project...........................................................20
5.2 Objectives of the Forest Inventory Project.............................................................20
5.2.1 Design of the FIP Static Timber Inventory........................................................21
5.3 Results of the FIP Static Timber Inventory............................................................23
5.4 TheFIP Dynamic Inventory..................................................................................25
5.5 Other Technical Outputs of the FIP.......................................................................28
5.6 Critique of the FIP................................................................................................29
5.6.1 Critique of the Static Inventory Design............................................................30
5.6.2 Critique of the AAC Estimates........................................................................34
5.6.3 The Missing Links Between AAC Estimates, Actual Harvest and Principles
of Forest Management.....................................................................................34
5.7 Policy Impact of the FIP........................................................................................35
6 National Forest Inventory Continued (1989-97).................................................................37
6.1 Production and Protection Forest Within Forest Reserves......................................38
6.1.1 Condition Scores for Forest Reserves...............................................................38
6.1.2 Previous Protection of Forest Resources.........................................................40
6.1.3 A New National Framework for Forest Protection...........................................41
6.1.4 Scenarios of Forest Protection.........................................................................42
6.2 Growing Stock within Forest Reserves.................................................................45
6.3 The Sustainable Harvest Potential in Forest Reserves............................................47
6.3.1 Classification of Species According to Rarity...................................................47
6.3.2 Yield Regulation.............................................................................................49
6.3.3 Fine-grained Protection in Production Forest...................................................50
6.3.3 The AAC in Forest Reserves...........................................................................50
6.4 Off-Reserve Inventory..........................................................................................51
6.4.1 Design of the Off-Reserve Inventory...............................................................52
6.4.2 Result of the Off-Reserve Inventory................................................................53
7 Analysis of the Timber Harvest..........................................................................................57
7.1 The Log Measurement Certificate System.............................................................57
7.1.1 The Quality of the LMC data...........................................................................57
7.2 Felling Recorded by the Forestry Department.......................................................59
7.2.1 The Quality of Forestry Department Felling Returns........................................59
7.3 This Study s Use of Available Data on Timber Harvest.........................................59
7.4 On-and Off-Reserve Harvest................................................................................59
7.4 1 Total Recorded Extraction by Species Groups..................................................61
7.5 On-reserve Harvest and AAC...............................................................................63
7 5.1 Scarlet Star Species.........................................................................................63
7.5.2 Red Star Species.............................................................................................63
7.5.3 Pink Star Species.............................................................................................64
7 5 4 The Star Group System and Related AACs Revisited......................................64
7.5.5 Policy Implications of the Extraction Rates and AACs.....................................65
7 6 Off-Reserve Timber Extraction and the Resource Base.........................................65
7.6 1 Off-Reserve Extraction of Scarlet Star Species................................................67
76 2 Off-Reserve Extraction of Red Star Species.....................................................67
7.6.3 Off-Reserve Extraction of Pink Star Species....................................................67
7.7 Policy Implications of Extraction and Resource Data............................................68
8 Timber Exports and the Wood Industry...........................................................................70
8.1 Development in Wood Exports by Volume...........................................................70
8.2 Appareut Domestic Consumption ...................................................................71
8.3 Export as the Dominant Driving Force for Timber Harvest................................73
8.4 Species Composition of the Export Harvest.........................................................74
vi
8.4.1 The Unsustainable Export Harvest.................................................................75
8.5 The Value of Wood Export...................................................................................76
8.5.1 Unit Values of Wood Exports..........................................................................77
8.6 The Hidden Costs of Value Added Wood Exports................................................80
8.7 Structure of the Wood Industry...........................................................................82
8.7.1 Wood Processing Capacity.............................................................................82
8.7.2 Employment in the Wood Industry................................................................83
8.7.3 General Structure and Ownership of the Wood Industry...............................83
8.8 Conclusion on Wood Exports...............................................................................84
9 Forest Fees and Taxes.......................................................................................................85
9.1 Overview of Forest Fees and Related Laws...........................................................85
9.1.1 Timber Royalties and StumpageFees..............................................................86
9.1.2 Concession and Contract Area Rent................................................................90
9.1.3 Silvicultural Fee..............................................................................................91
9.1.4 Compensation Payments.................................................................................91
9.1.5 Fines and Imprisonment..................................................................................92
9.1.6 Property Marks...............................................................................................94
9.1.7 Conveyance Certificates..................................................................................94
9.1.8 TaungyaFees..................................................................................................95
9.1.9 Permits for Major Forest Products..................................................................96
9.1.10 Permits for Minor Forest Products................................................................96
9.1.11 Concession Preparation Fee...........................................................................96
9.1.12 Registration Fees..........................................................................................97
9.1.13 Sale of LMCs..............................................................................................97
9.1.14 Export Levies to Cover the Costs of Running TEDB and FPIB.....................97
9.1.15 Export Levies on Logs and Air Dried Processed Timber................................97
10 The Economics of Timber Exploitation............................................................................98
10.1 Stumpage Values.................................................................................................99
10.2 Domestic and FOB Log Prices.............................................................................99
10.3 Estimated Stumpage Values based on Log Prices.............................................101
10.4 Estimated Stumpage Values based on FOB Lumber Prices...............................104
10.4.1 General Stumpage Value based on Wawa Lumber........................................105
10.5 Conclusion on Derived Stumpage Values.........................................................107
10.6 Observed Actual Willingness to Pay for Standing Timber.................................107
10.6.1 Validity of the Observed Willingness to Pay for Standing Timber..................110
10.7. Willingness to Pay Compared with Forest Taxes and Fees................................110
10.7.1 Value of the Recorded Extraction................................................................113
10.8 Commercial Value of Estimated Annual Allowable Cuts...................................114
10.9 Revenue from Timber Off-Reserves.................................................................117
10.10 Conclusion on the Economics of Timber Exploitation......................................118
11 Instruments to Regulate the Timber Harvest...............................................................120
11.1 Assessment of Employed Demand-Side Measures............................................120
11.1.1 Timber Royalties and Stumpage Fees........................................................123
11.1.2 Other Forest Taxes and Fees Directly Related to the Timber Harvest......124
11.1.3 Log Export Bans........................................................................................125
11.1.4 Export Levies.............................................................................................128
11.1.5 General Conclusion on Demand-Side Measures..........................................129
vii
11.2 Supply-Side Measures......................................................................................129
11.2.1 On-Reserve Supply-Side Measures..............................................................130
11.2.2 Off-Reserve Suppfy-Side Measures.............................................................134
11.3 Summary Assessment of Timber Harvest Regulations.....................................136
11.3.1 Specific Demand-Side Measures.................................................................136
11.3.2 Supply-Side Measures.................................................................................138
12 Rights to Timber and Benefits from Timber Exploitation............................................139
12.1 Rights to Land, Trees and Revenue On-Reserves.............................................139
12.1.1 Future Status of Current and New Forest Reserves...................................141
12.1.2 Rights to Revenue from Forest Reserves....................................................141
12.2. Rights to Land, Trees and Revenue Off-Reserves............................................143
12.2.1 Current Rights to Revenue from Timber Harvest Off-Reserve Revenue.... 144
12.2.2 Bights of the Forestry Department to Benefit from Off-Reserve
Revenue......................................................................................................144
12.3 Principles for Allocation of Rights to Standing Timber....................................145
12.3.1 New Timber Royalties and Contract Area Rents.......................................147
12.3.2 Timber Utilisation Contracts.....................................................................147
12.3.3 Termination of Existing Timber Concessions and Leases..........................150
12.3.4 Compulsory Supply of Timber to the Domestic Market.............................150
12.3.5 Timber Utilisation Permits........................................................................151
12.3.6 Protection of Farmers Rights...................................................................152
12.3.7 Protection of Rights to Cultivated Trees....................................................152
12.3.8 Protection of Forest Plantations................................................................153
12.3.9 Powers of the Minister...............................................................................154
12.4 Summary Assessment of Rights to Timber and Related Benefits....................155
12.4.1 Revenue from Forest Reserves...................................................................156
12.4.2 Revenue from Off-Reserve Areas...............................................................157
12.4.3 Poor Incentives to Teud Natural Trees on Farmland................................157
12.4.4 Supply of Timber to the Domestic Market and for Export..........................158
12.4.5 Conditions for Managing Forest Reserves...................................................159
13 Forest and Timber Resources Management in the Future...........................................160
13.1 Development of the Timber Industry...............................................................161
13.2 A Semi-Autonomous Forest Service................................................................162
13.3 Interests of Local People.................................................................................162
13.4 Management of Forest and Timber Resources................................................163
13.4 1 Production of Timber in Dedicated Forests...............................................164
13.4.2 Off-Reserve Timber; The Key to Sustainable Forest Management............164
References.........................................................................................................................166
Appendices.........................................................................................................................171
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| geographic | Ghana (DE-588)4020949-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Ghana |
| id | DE-604.BV013946362 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:54:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0792369319 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009543059 |
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| physical | XXVI, 212 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
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| series | Forestry sciences |
| series2 | Forestry sciences |
| spelling | Treue, Thorsten Verfasser aut Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana by Thorsten Treue Dordrecht [u.a.] Kluwer Acad. Publ. 2001 XXVI, 212 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Forestry sciences 68 Forêts - Aspect économique - Ghāna Forêts - Gestion - Ghāna Politique forestière - Ghāna Forest management Ghana Forest policy Ghana Forests and forestry Economic aspects Ghana Forstwirtschaft (DE-588)4017966-7 gnd rswk-swf Ghana (DE-588)4020949-0 gnd rswk-swf Ghana (DE-588)4020949-0 g Forstwirtschaft (DE-588)4017966-7 s DE-604 Forestry sciences 68 (DE-604)BV035362228 68 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009543059&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Treue, Thorsten Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana Forestry sciences Forêts - Aspect économique - Ghāna Forêts - Gestion - Ghāna Politique forestière - Ghāna Forest management Ghana Forest policy Ghana Forests and forestry Economic aspects Ghana Forstwirtschaft (DE-588)4017966-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4017966-7 (DE-588)4020949-0 |
| title | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana |
| title_auth | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana |
| title_exact_search | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana |
| title_full | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana by Thorsten Treue |
| title_fullStr | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana by Thorsten Treue |
| title_full_unstemmed | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of Ghana by Thorsten Treue |
| title_short | Politics and economics of tropical high forest management |
| title_sort | politics and economics of tropical high forest management a case study of ghana |
| title_sub | a case study of Ghana |
| topic | Forêts - Aspect économique - Ghāna Forêts - Gestion - Ghāna Politique forestière - Ghāna Forest management Ghana Forest policy Ghana Forests and forestry Economic aspects Ghana Forstwirtschaft (DE-588)4017966-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Forêts - Aspect économique - Ghāna Forêts - Gestion - Ghāna Politique forestière - Ghāna Forest management Ghana Forest policy Ghana Forests and forestry Economic aspects Ghana Forstwirtschaft Ghana |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009543059&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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