Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
2001
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Clinics in perinatology
28,3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VIII S., S. 487 - 719 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND EXOGENOUS
SURFACTANT UPDATE
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Thomas E. Wiswell and Steven M. Donn
Clinical Use of Pulmonary Mechanics and Waveform
Graphics 487
Vinod K. Bhutani and Emidio M. Sivieri
Decades of research have led to the understanding of neonatal
pulmonary physiology and have influenced the clinical care that
neonatologists provide to the sick newborn. Advances in micro¬
processor technology have allowed for clinical access of the re¬
search based measurements of neonatal pulmonary functions.
These evaluations are not only the integrated evaluation of the
three primary vectors of respiration (driving pressure, air flow,
and volume measured over time) but also values calculated by
known physiologic equations. Clinical use of these data may not
only be relevant and helpful in the bedside management, but
also provides a uniquely objective and research oriented data
collection for individual newborns.
Volutrauma: What is it and How Do We Avoid It? 505
Richard Auten, Mike Vozzelli, and Reese Clark
Despite improvements in respiratory care, ventilator induced
lung injury remains an important cause of morbidity and mortal¬
ity in neonatal patients who require assisted ventilation. The goal
of the mechanical support is to promote more normal gas ex¬
change while avoiding lung injury.
CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY
VOLUME 28 • NUMBER 3 • SEPTEMBER 2001 V
Hypocapnia and Hypercapnia in Respiratory
Management of Newborn Infants 517
Namasivayam Ambalavanan and Waldemar A. Carlo
Many disorders during the neonatal period affect the ability of
infants to maintain normal Paco2. Both hypocapnia and hypercap¬
nia may affect long term outcomes in preterm and term infants.
A more precise regulation of Paco2 may prove to be of benefit
because efforts are made to optimize short term and long term
outcomes in critically ill neonates. This article addresses the cur¬
rent evidence for the potential advantages and adverse conse¬
quences of both hypocapnia and hypercapnia in these vulnera¬
ble patients.
Update on Patient Triggered Ventilation 533
Anne Greenough
Results from physiologic studies demonstrating better tidal vol¬
ume delivery and blood gas exchange but reduced blood pressure
fluctuations, and suggested use of patient triggered ventilation
(PTV) rather than conventional mechanical ventilation, might re¬
duce chronic lung disease and intracerebral hemorrhage. Meta
analysis of randomized trials, however, has demonstrated PTV is
only significantly associated with a shorter duration of ventila¬
tion. The benefits of PTV seen in physiologic studies were largely
dependent on promoting synchronized ventilation, but no at¬
tempt was made in any of the randomized trials to assess whether
this occurred. To determine the efficacy of PTV, the optimum
triggering device and triggered mode, which may be disease
specific, should be tested.
Volume Controlled Ventilation: Variations on a Theme 547
Sunil K. Sinha and Steven M. Donn
Development of sophisticated transducers and microprocessor
based ventilators now enables the performance of volume con¬
trolled ventilation of newborn infants. Volume controlled modes
include standard intermittent or synchronized intermittent man¬
datory ventilation; assist control ventilation; and hybrid modes,
such as pressure support ventilation, pressure regulated volume
control ventilation, volume assured pressure support, and vol¬
ume guarantee. This article describes the concepts and clinical
applications of these ventilatory modes.
Proportional Assist Ventilation in Infants 561
Andreas Schulze and Eduardo Bancalari
Proportional assist ventilation is a new mode of mechanical venti¬
lation that produces gas exchange similar to that of conventional
ventilation in neonates but at lower airway pressures. The ventila
Vi CONTENTS
tor pressure contour is tailored to the specific derangements in
lung mechanics dependent on an individual infant s pulmonary
dysfunction. This article describes the basis for proportional assist
ventilation, potential advantages and disadvantages, and clinical
experience.
Neonatal High Frequency Ventilation: Past, Present,
and Future 579
Martin Keszler and David J. Durand
High frequency ventilation has been used to treat neonates for
almost two decades. Although there are many proponents of this
therapy, doubts remain as to its efficacy and potential for serious
adverse side effects. This article discusses the most commonly
used types of high frequency ventilators and updates readers
about the most current data concerning their use.
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn:
Rational Therapy Based on Pathophysiology 609
Michele C. Walsh and Eileen K. Stork
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a common
disorder among near term gestation newborns. Persistent pulmo¬
nary hypertension of the newborn is characterized by hypoxemia
that is frequently refractory to conventional management. This
article describes the pathophysiologic basis of the disorder and
the current therapy that is based on this knowledge.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 2001: The
Odyssey Continues 629
Robert E. Schumacher and Stephen Baumgart
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been in widespread
use for more than 15 years. Over the past 5 to 7 years, however,
fewer and fewer babies are treated with this therapy. Extracorpo¬
real membrane oxygenation is considered by many to reflect a
bad outcome in neonates, yet it is a life saving therapy. This
article presents an overview of this therapy and its current use in
the new millennium.
Biology of Surfactant 655
Alan H. Jobe and Machiko Ikegami
Surfactant is a metabolically active assembly of phospholipids
and surfactant specific proteins that is essential for normal lung
mechanics. The surfactant proteins SP A and SP D also have
important innate host defense functions. Surfactant metabolism
in the developing lung differs from the adult lung by having
CONTENTS vn
slower kinetics of secretion with a longer half life and more
efficient recycling. Ventilation styles that injure the lung also
result in altered surfactant function.
Current Surfactant Use in Premature Infants 671
Gautham K. Suresh and Roger F. Soil
Exogenous surfactant therapy is widely used for the prevention
and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature new
borns. The introduction of surfactant therapy is widely credited
with recent improvements in neonatal mortality. This article pre¬
sents an overview of the current use of exogenous surfactant
therapy for preterm neonates, based on currently available evi¬
dence.
Expanded Uses of Surfactant Therapy 695
Thomas E. Wiswell
Numerous respiratory disorders in humans are characterized by
deficiency or dysfunction of surfactant. Respiratory distress syn¬
drome in premature infants has been most completely studied
and is the only disorder for which surfactant therapy has been
approved. Nevertheless, there are numerous other disorders
among neonates, older children, and adults that may benefit
from this therapy. This article delineates the current evidence for
expanding the use of surfactant therapy.
Index 713
Subscription Information Inside back cover
Viii CONTENTS
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| spelling | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update Thomas E. Wiswell ... guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 2001 VIII S., S. 487 - 719 txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Clinics in perinatology 28,3 Beademing gtt Pasgeborenen gtt Surfactantia gtt Infant Infant, Newborn, Diseases therapy Pulmonary Surfactants therapeutic use Pulmonary Ventilation Pulmonary surfactant Therapeutic use Respiration, Artificial Respirators (Medical equipment) Respiratory therapy for newborn infants Ventilators, Mechanical Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd rswk-swf Neugeborenes (DE-588)4041781-5 gnd rswk-swf Surfactant-Faktor (DE-588)4125206-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Neugeborenes (DE-588)4041781-5 s Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 s Surfactant-Faktor (DE-588)4125206-8 s DE-604 Wiswell, Thomas E. Sonstige oth Clinics in perinatology 28,3 (DE-604)BV000003382 28,3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009542947&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update Clinics in perinatology Beademing gtt Pasgeborenen gtt Surfactantia gtt Infant Infant, Newborn, Diseases therapy Pulmonary Surfactants therapeutic use Pulmonary Ventilation Pulmonary surfactant Therapeutic use Respiration, Artificial Respirators (Medical equipment) Respiratory therapy for newborn infants Ventilators, Mechanical Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd Neugeborenes (DE-588)4041781-5 gnd Surfactant-Faktor (DE-588)4125206-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4033439-9 (DE-588)4041781-5 (DE-588)4125206-8 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update |
| title_auth | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update |
| title_exact_search | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update |
| title_full | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update Thomas E. Wiswell ... guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update Thomas E. Wiswell ... guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update Thomas E. Wiswell ... guest ed. |
| title_short | Mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update |
| title_sort | mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant update |
| topic | Beademing gtt Pasgeborenen gtt Surfactantia gtt Infant Infant, Newborn, Diseases therapy Pulmonary Surfactants therapeutic use Pulmonary Ventilation Pulmonary surfactant Therapeutic use Respiration, Artificial Respirators (Medical equipment) Respiratory therapy for newborn infants Ventilators, Mechanical Künstliche Beatmung (DE-588)4033439-9 gnd Neugeborenes (DE-588)4041781-5 gnd Surfactant-Faktor (DE-588)4125206-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Beademing Pasgeborenen Surfactantia Infant Infant, Newborn, Diseases therapy Pulmonary Surfactants therapeutic use Pulmonary Ventilation Pulmonary surfactant Therapeutic use Respiration, Artificial Respirators (Medical equipment) Respiratory therapy for newborn infants Ventilators, Mechanical Künstliche Beatmung Neugeborenes Surfactant-Faktor Aufsatzsammlung |
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