An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
Carnegie Institution of Washington
1906
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| Schriftenreihe: | Carnegie Institution of Washington publication
48 Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York 4 |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | X, 320 S. Ill., Kt. |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa |c by William Lawrence Tower |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington, DC |b Carnegie Institution of Washington |c 1906 | |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Carnegie Institution of Washington publication |v 48 | |
| 490 | 1 | |a Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York |v 4 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Colorado potato beetle | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Leptinotarsa | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Variation (Biology) | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | • J - a
AN INVESTIGATION OF EVOLUTION IN
CHRYSOMEL1D BEETLES OF THE
GENUS LEPTINOTARSA
BY
WILLIAM LAWRENCE TOWER
Instructor in Embryology, University of Chicago
Associate, Station for Experimental Evolution
Carnegie
WASHINGTON, D C
Published by the Carnegie Institution of Washington
IGNATIUS COL!/
VALKE MB i ^ r
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I —GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND DISPERSION OP LEPTINOTAKSA
The genus Lepiinotarsa
Data of the distribution
Geographical distribution and
The center of origin and dispersion
The distribution and migrations of the
; i Page
I
:rj j i » 4
dispersion of the , genus 9
*9
• lineata group * 14
Distribution and cecology of the ispecies 1 1 4
Distribution of L, intermedia and decemlineatci and probable movements
within historic time • • 21
Chronological history of dispersal of L decemlineata, 1859 to 1904 25
Occurrence in Europe 39
The highways of dispersal and rate of movement 39
Other factors which have controlled the direction of movement 44
Distribution of L defecla and L juncta and retreat of L juncla 49
Distribution of the other groups 50
The relation of the distribution of the genus Lepiinotarsa to natural environ
mental complexes 52
CHAPTER II —VARIATION IN I/EPTINOTARSA
Introduction 59
Individual variations • ; 62
Observations and data of continuous variations 62
Color characters J l ; 62
Individual variation in the color pattern of the pronotum 62
Individual variation in the color pattern of the epicranium 72
Individual variation in the color pattern of the elytra 76
Individual variation in the color pattern of the ventral surface 84
Individual variation in the color pattern of the legs ; 86
Individual variation in the color pattern of mature larvse 86
Structural characters ] 1 87
Individual variation in the punctation of the elytra 87
Individual variation in the puiictation of the pronotum 90
Individual variation in the giands of the elytra 90
Individual variation in size and shape * 90
Observations and data concerning extreme variations 91
The laws of variation in tile genus Lepiinotarsa 92
Place variation ; 93
Geographical variation 105
Distribution and variation and the evidence they afford concerning evolution 113
CHAPTER III —COLORATION IN LEPTINOTARSA
Color phenomena in insects 121
Color classes 121
Chemical or pigmental colors t2i
Physical or structural colors 123
Chemico-physical or combination colors 123
v
VI CONTENTS
Color phenomena in insects—Continued Page
Development of coloration 124
Purity of insect colors 124
Evolution of the color patterns of insects 125
Laws of coloration 125
Phylogeny of coloration ; 126
Effect of environment upon coloration 128
Protective resemblance, warning coloration, mimicry 128
The problems of insect coloration to-day 128
The colors of the genus Lepiinotarsa 129
Chemical or pigmental colors • 129
Physical or structural colors 131
Chemico-physical or combination colors 13T
The development of colors in Lepiinotarsa 132
Chemical or pigmental colors 132
Cuticula colors 132
The cuticula, its structure and composition 133
Chemical examination of the cuticula colors 135
Development of the cuticula colors 136
Experiments pointing to the existence of enzyme action 137
Hypodermal colors 140
Chemical examination of the hypodermal colors 140
Microscopical examination of hypodermal colors 141
Development of hypodermal pigments : 141
Diffuse hypodermal pigments 141
Subhypodermal colors 142
Physical colors 142
Chemico-physical colors 142
The ontogeny of color and color patterns 143
In the larvae 143
In the imagines 152
The ontogeny of color on the epicranium and pronotum 152
The ontogeny of color on the wings 154
On the elytra 154
On the hind wings 157
The ontogeny of color on the abdominal and thoracic segments 157
General aspects of color aiid color-pattern ontogeny 158
Localized stages in ontogeny of coloration 163
The experimental modification of color and color patterns 168
Modification of color in L decemlineata 168
Temperature experiments 168
Moisture experiments 188
Experiments with temperature and moisture both variable 195
Experiments in which temperature and relative humidity vary together
in the same direction above or below the normal 195
Experiments in which L decemlineata was reared during successive gen
erations, with both temperature and moisture varying together, or
in opposite directions above or below the normal 201
Experiments with different foods 205
Experiments with soils : 206
Experiments with light 208
Experiments with atmospheric pressure 208
CONTENTS VII
The experimental modification of color and color patterns—Continued Page
Modification of color in L signaticollis 209
Temperature experiments 209
Moisture experiments 211
Modifications of color in other species of Lepiinotarsa 211
General results derived from experimental modification of color 212
Adaptation in coloration 215
Warning coloration 215
Protective resemblance 220
The evolution of coloration 222
CHAPTER IV —HABITS AND INSTINCTS IN LEPTINOTARSA
Habits and instincts connected with reproduction 229
Mating habits 229
Assortive mating 238
Number of generations 243
Habits and instincts connected with hibernation and eestivation 245
Habits and instincts connected with self-preservation 252
CHAPTER V —PRODUCTION IN EXPERIMENT OF RACES, NEW CHARACTERS,
AND SPECIES IN LEPIINOTARSA
Pedigree breeding of L decemlineata 261 •
Experiments in race production and modification by artificial selection 261
Selection experiments with color characters 261
Selection experiments with structural characters 268
Selection experiments with physiological characters 270
Experimental pedigree breeding of new characters and species 271
Pedigree breeding in L multitceniata 1 J 283
Experiment in production of new characters and species : 286
Experiments with L decemlineata 287
Experiments with L multitczniata 292
Experiments with L undecimlineata 294
Conclusion 294
CHAPTER VI —THE PROBLEM OF THE ORIGIN OK SPECIES—DISCUSSION,
SUMMARY, AND CONCLUSION 1 •
The method of evolution ,|; 298
The nature, cause, and control of variation 298
Mutation j 307
The origin of species 310
BIBLIOGRAPHY 315
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Tower, William Lawrence 1872- |
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| callnumber-subject | QH - Natural History and Biology |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)2673110 (DE-599)BVBBV013914570 |
| dewey-full | 595.76404 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
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| dewey-raw | 595.76404 |
| dewey-search | 595.76404 |
| dewey-sort | 3595.76404 |
| dewey-tens | 590 - Animals |
| discipline | Biologie |
| format | Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:54:19Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 1906 |
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| publisher | Carnegie Institution of Washington |
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| series | Carnegie Institution of Washington publication Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York |
| series2 | Carnegie Institution of Washington publication Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York |
| spelling | Tower, William Lawrence 1872- Verfasser (DE-588)11742126X aut An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa by William Lawrence Tower Washington, DC Carnegie Institution of Washington 1906 X, 320 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Carnegie Institution of Washington publication 48 Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York 4 Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa Variation (Biology) Carnegie Institution of Washington publication 48 (DE-604)BV035415500 48 Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York 4 (DE-604)BV013914035 4 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009520520&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Tower, William Lawrence 1872- An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa Carnegie Institution of Washington publication Papers of the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, New York Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa Variation (Biology) |
| title | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa |
| title_auth | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa |
| title_exact_search | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa |
| title_full | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa by William Lawrence Tower |
| title_fullStr | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa by William Lawrence Tower |
| title_full_unstemmed | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa by William Lawrence Tower |
| title_short | An investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus Leptinotarsa |
| title_sort | an investigation of evolution in chrysomelid beetles of the genus leptinotarsa |
| topic | Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa Variation (Biology) |
| topic_facet | Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa Variation (Biology) |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009520520&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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