Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest: the Kluane Project
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| Format: | Buch |
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| Sprache: | English |
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Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2001
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| Beschreibung: | XXIII, 511 S. graph. Darst., Kt. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) |
| ISBN: | 0195133935 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest |b the Kluane Project |c ed. by Charles J. Krebs ... |
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| _version_ | 1804128728177967104 |
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| adam_text | ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS OF THE BOREAL FOREST THE KLUANE PROJECT EDITED BY
CHARLES J. KREBS STAN BOUTIN RUDY BOONSTRA OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2001
CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS XXI PART I INTRODUCTION 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
CHARLES J. KREBS 3 2 THE KLUANE REGION CHARLES J. KREBS & RUDY BOONSTRA
9 2.1 GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY, 10 2.2 WEATHER AND CLIMATE, 12 2.2.1
TEMPERATURE, 12 2.2.2 PRECIPITATION, 15 2.3 STUDY AREA AND VEGETATION,
15 2.4 VERTEBRATE FOOD WEB, 18 2.5 HISTORY OF HARE CYCLES, 21 2.6 .
LARGE MAMMALS, 22 2.7 HUMAN IMPACTS, 23 3 TROPHIC INTERACTIONS,
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION, AND THE KLUANE ECOSYSTEM A. R. E. SINCLAIR &
CHARLES J. KREBS 25 3.1 TROPHIC-LEVEL THEORY,^/ 3.1.1 COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE, 21 3.1.2 CONTROL OF TROPHIC-LEVEL BIOMASS, 21 3.1.3 CASE
STUDIES IN MAMMALIAN COMMUNITIES, 29 3.2 INTERACTIONS OF TROPHIC LEVELS,
30 3.2.1 BOTTOM-UP MODELS, 36 XII CONTENTS 3.2.2 TOP-DOWN MODELS, 37
3.2.3 HERBIVORE-DOMINATED MODELS, 37 3.2.4 VEGETATION-DOMINATED MODELS,
37 3.2.5 DILUTION MODELS, 37 3.2.6 RECIPROCAL MODELS, 38 3.3
EXPERIMENTAL PERTURBATIONS IN THE BOREAL FOREST, 38 3.3.1 EXPERIMENT 1:
APPLICATION OF FERTILIZER, 38 3.3.2 EXPERIMENT 2: ADDITION OF RABBIT
CHOW, 38 3.3.3 EXPERIMENT 3: EXCLUSION OF CARNIVORES, 41 3.3.4
EXPERIMENT 4: EXCLUSION OF CARNIVORES AND THE ADDITION OF RABBIT CHOW,
41 3.3.5 EXPERIMENT 5: EXCLUSION OF HARES, 41 3.3.6 EXPERIMENT 6:
EXCLUSION OF HARES AND THE ADDITION OF FERTILIZER, 41 3.3.7 EXPERIMENT
7: REMOVAL OF VEGETATION, 41 3.4 DISCUSSION, 42 3.4.1 LIMITATIONS OF THE
MODELS, 42 3.4.2 MODELS OF TROPHIC-LEVEL INTERACTIONS IN DIFFERENT
ECOSYSTEMS, 42 3.5 SUMMARY, 43 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND PRACTICAL
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION STAN BOUTIN, CHARLES J. KREBS, VILIS O. NAMS,
A. R. E. SINCLAIR, RUDY BOONSTRA, MARK O DONOGHUE, & CATHY DOYLE 49 4.1
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, 50 4.1.1 CHOICE OF TREATMENTS, 50 4.1.2 SIZE AND
SPATIAL LOCATION OF TREATMENTS, 52 4.1.3 TO REPLICATE OR NOT TO
REPLICATE, 54 4.2 PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION, 55 4.2.1 THE
EVOLUTION OF A PREDATOR-PROOF FENCE, 55 4.2.2 FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION, 58
4.2.3 FERTILIZER, 60 4.2.4 HARE EXCLOSURES, 61 4.3 ORGANIZATION,
PERSONNEL, AND EQUIPMENT, 61 4.3.1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE, 62 4.3.2
THE PROBLEM OF TRAINING AND PROTOCOLS, 63 4.3.3 SEEN SHEETS, 63 4.3.4
WINTER WORK AT KLUANE, 64 4.3.5 EQUIPMENT, 64 4.4 SUMMARY, 65 PART II
PLANT DYNAMICS HERBS AND GRASSES . ROY TURKINGTON, ELIZABETH JOHN, &
MARK R. T. DALE 69 5. / HYPOTHESES REGARDING VEGETATION, 70 5.2 STUDY
AREA, 71 5.5 TESTS OF PREDICTIONS FROM THREE MODELS, 72 . 5.3.1 DONOR
CONTROL MODEL, 72 CONTENTS XIII 5.3.2 HERBIVORE CONTROL MODEL, 11 5.3.3
COMBINED TOP-DOWN BOTTOM-UP MODEL, 78 5.4 WHICH MODEL BEST DESCRIBES
BOREAL FOREST HERBS AND GRASSES? 84 5.4.1 TRANSIENT DYNAMICS AND
STABILITY, 86 5.4.2 IMPACTS OF CLIMATIC WARMING, SI 5.5 SUMMARY, 88 . 6
SHRUBS CHARLES J. KREBS, MARK R. T. DALE, VILIS 0. NAMS, A. R. E.
SINCLAIR, & MARKO DONOGHUE 92 6.1 THE SHRUB COMMUNITY AT KLUANE, 93
6.1.1 SPECIES COMPOSITION, 93 6.1.2 PATTERN CHANGES AND SUCCESSION, 93
., 6.1.3 SECONDARY CHEMICALS IN KLUANE SHRUBS, 96 6.2 BIOMASS DYNAMICS,
97 6.2.1 METHODS OF ESTIMATION, 97 6.2.2 IMPACTS OF TREATMENTS, 98 6.3
GROWTH RATES OF SHRUBS, 102 6.3.1 METHODS OF ESTIMATION, 102 6.3.2
IMPACTS OF TREATMENTS, 104 6.4 LOSSES OF TWIGS TO BROWSING AND NATURAL
MORTALITY, 106 6.4.1 METHODS OF ESTIMATION, 106 6.4.2 IMPACTS OF
TREATMENTS, 107 6.5 WHAT LIMITS PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF SHRUBS? 11 0 X
6.5.1 SUCCESSION IN BOREAL FOREST SHRUBS, 110 6.5.2 IMPACT OF HARE AND
MOOSE BROWSING, 112 6.5.3 ROLE OF SECONDARY CHEMICALS, 113 6.6 SUMMARY,
113 7 TREES MARK R. T. DALE, SHAWN FRANCIS, CHARLES J. KREBS, & VILIS O.
NAMS 116 7. 1 TREE COMMUNITY AT KLUANE, 117 7.1.1 TREE ABUNDANCE ON THE
STUDY A REA, 118 7.1.2 TREE GROWTH, 118 7.1.3 WHITE SPRUCE CONE AND SEED
PRODUCTION, 120 7.2 VEGETATION MAPPING, 122 7.2.1 FIRE HISTORY OF THE
STUDY AREA, 123 7.2.2 OTHER FORMS OF DISTURBANCE, 128 7.3 SUCCESSION IN
THE BOREAL FOREST, 130 7.4 FERTILIZER EFFECTS ON TREES, 132 7.5 SUMMARY,
135 PART II! HERBIVORES 8 SNOWSHOE HARE DEMOGRAPHY KAREN E. HODGES,
CHARLES J. KREBS, DAVID S. HIK, CAROL I. STEFAN, ELIZABETH A. GILLIS,
& CATHY E. DOYLE 141 8.1 THE SNOWSHOE HARE CYCLE, 142 XIV CONTENTS 8.2
METHODS, 143 8.3 DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS, 14 5 8.3.1 DENSITY AND RATES OF
CHANGE, 145 8.3.2 SEX AND AGE STRUCTURE, 146 8.3.3 REPRODUCTION, 147
8.3.4 SURVIVAL RATES, 153 8.3.5 CAUSES OF DEATH, 162 8.3.6 IMMIGRATION
AND EMIGRATION, 169 8.4 IMPACTS OF EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS, 169 8.4.1
IMPACTS ON HARE DEMOGRAPHY, 171 5.4.2 CAUSATION OF THE HARE CYCLE, 173
&4.J? EFFICACY OF THE EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS, 113 8.4.4 EXPERIMENTAL
SCALE AND METHODOLOGICAL CONCERNS, 174 &J INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER
SPECIES, 115 8.6 CONCLUSIONS, 175 9 THE ROLE OF RED SQUIRRELS AND ARCTIC
GROUND SQUIRRELS RUDY BOONSTRA, STAN BOUTIN, ANDREA BYROM, TIM KARELS,
ANNE HUBBS, KARI STUART-SMITH, MIKE BLOWER, & SUSAN ANTPOEHLER 179 9.1
NATURAL HISTORY, 180 9.1.1 RED SQUIRRELS, 180 9.1.2 ARCTIC GROUND
SQUIRRELS, 181 9.2 COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS AND FACTORS AFFECTING
POPULATION DYNAMICS, 181 9.3 METHODS, 182 9.3.1 RED SQUIRRELS, 182 9.3.2
ARCTIC GROUND SQUIRRELS, 18 4 9.4 RESULTS, 186 9.4.1 RED SQUIRRELS, 186
9.4.2 ARCTIC GROUND SQUIRRELS, 193 9.5 DISCUSSION, 201 9.5. / /?O/E OF
STOCHASTIC EVENTS, 203 9.5.2 TREATMENT EFFECTS, 204 9.5.3 /?O/E OF
SQUIRRELS IN THE BOREAL FOREST COMMUNITY, 209 9.6 CONCLUSIONS, 210 10
VOLES AND MICE RUDY BOONSTRA, CHARLES J. KREBS, SCOTT GILBERT, & SABINE
SCHWEIGER 215 10.1 NATURAL HISTORY AND FOOD WEB LINKS, 216 10.2
COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS AND FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION DYNAMICS, 217
10.3 METHODS, 218 10.3.1 SMALL MAMMAL TRAPPING, 218 10.3.2 DATA
ANALYSIS, 219 10.3.3 ROBUSTNESS OF DATA, 219 70.4 IMPACTS OF THE
MANIPULATIONS, 219 10.4.1 NORTHERN RED-BACKED VOLE, 220 10.4.2 MICROTUS
VOLES, 224 CONTENTS XV 70.5 WHAT LIMITS MICE AND VOLE POPULATIONS AT
KLUANE? 22 6 70.5.7 NORTHERN RED-BACKED VOLE, 227 70.5.2 MICROTUS
SPECIES, 234 70.6 SUMMARY, 235 11 FOREST GROUSE AND PTARMIGAN KATHY
MARTIN, CATHY DOYLE, SUSAN HANNON, & FRITZ MUELLER 240 77.7 THE
ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF FOREST AND ALPINE GROUSE, 241 77.7.7 TROPHIC
POSITION, 241 77.7.2 LIFE HISTORY, 241 11.1.3 HABITATS, 242 11.1.4
CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF POPULATION DYNAMICS, 243 11.1.5 PREDICTED
RESPONSES TO EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS, 243 77.2 METHODS, 244 11.2.1
DURATION OF GROUSE STUDIES, 244 77.2.2 SHAKWAK VALLEY POPULATION TRENDS,
244 11.2.3 NUMERICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS ON TREATMENT GRIDS, 244
11.2.4 DATA ROBUSTNESS AND LIMITATIONS, 245 11.3 DEMOGRAPHY OF GROUSE,
246 11.3.1 POPULATION TRENDS IN THE SHAKWAK VALLEY, 246 11.3.2
REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS, 247 11.3.3 POPULATION TRENDS ON CONTROL PLOTS,
248 11.3.4 RELATIONSHIP OF CHANGES TO THE SNOWSHOE HARE CYCLE, 24 9 77.4
RESPONSE OF FOREST GROUSE TO EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS, 250 77.4.7
FERTILIZER ADDITION, 250 77.4.2 FOOD ADDITION, 251 11.4.3 PREDATOR
EXCLOSURE, 252 77.4.4 PREDATOR EXCLOSURE + FOOD, 252 77.5 DISCUSSION,
253 11.5.1 HYPOTHESES RELATED TO GROUSE POPULATION TRENDS, 253 11.5.2
DID THE EXPERIMENTS CHANGE THE DYNAMICS FOR GROUSE? 253 11.5.3 LINKAGES
ON THE SAME TROPHIC LEVEL, 253 77.5.4 LINKAGES TO OTHER TROPHIC LEVELS,
254 11.6 CONCLUSIONS, 255 11.6.1 COMPARISON WITH OTHER STUDIES, 255
77.6.2 UNEXPECTED RESULTS, 256 11.6.3 UNANSWERED QUESTIONS, 257 12 OTHER
HERBIVORES AND SMALL PREDATORS: ARTHROPODS, BIRDS, AND MAMMALS JAMES N.
M. SMITH & NICHOLAS F. G. FOLKARD 261 72.7 METHODS, 263 72.7.7
ARTHROPODS, 263 12.1.2 SONGBIRDS AND WOODPECKERS, 263 12.1.3 OTHER
HERBIVORES, 263 72.2 PREDICTED RESPONSES TO EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS, 264
12.3 RESPONSES BY SPECIES GROUPS, 264 72. J.7 ARTHROPODS, 264 XVI
CONTENTS 12.3.2 BIRDS, 265 12.3.3 OTHER HERBIVORES, 268 72.4 DISCUSSION,
269 72.4.7 LINKS TO THE 10-YEAR CYCLE, 269 72.4.2 EFFECTS OF
FERTILIZATION, 269 72.4.3 OTHER PATTERNS IN THE FOOD WEB, 270 72.5
SUMMARY, 270 PART IV MAMMALIAN PREDATORS 13 COYOTES AND LYNX MARK
O DONOGHUE, STAN BOUTIN, DENNIS L. MURRAY, CHARLES J. KREBS, ELIZABETH
J. HOFER, URS BREITENMOSER, CHRISTINE BREITENMOSER-WUERSTEN, GUSTAVO
ZULETA, CATHY DOYLE, & VILIS O. NAMS 275 13.1 METHODS, 278 13.1.1
POPULATION MONITORING, 278 13.1.2 FORAGING BEHAVIOR, 219 13.1.3
FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES, 280 13.2 NUMERICAL RESPONSES, 282 13.2.1 DENSITY,
282 73.2.2 ADULT SURVIVAL, 283 73.2.3 EMIGRATION, 28 6 73.2.4
RECRUITMENT, 286 73.3 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, 287 73.3.7 HOME RANGES, 288
73.3.2 SOCIAL GROUPS, 289 73.4 FORAGING BEHAVIOR, 289 73.4.7 DIETS, 289
13.4.2 SCAVENGING BEHAVIOR, 293 73.4.3 HUNTING TACTICS, 295 73.4.4 GROUP
HUNTING, 297 73.4.5 USE OF TRAILS, 291 13.4.6 HABITAT USE, 297 73.5
FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES, 300 13.5.1 COMPONENTS OF FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES, 301
73.5.2 PREY SWITCHING, 304 73.6 SYNTHESIS AND CONCLUSIONS, 307 73.6.7
NUMERICAL RESPONSES, 308 13.6.2 FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES, 310 13.6.3 TOTAL
IMPACT OF PREDATION BY COYOTES AND LYNX ON HARES, 313 13.6.4 IMPACT OF
PREDATION BY COYOTES AND LYNX ON ALTERNATIVE PREY, 313 73.6.5
COEXISTENCE OF COYOTES AND LYNX, 314 13.6.6 THE SPECIALIST-GENERALIST
CONTRAST, 31 6 14 OTHER MAMMALIAN PREDATORS MARK O DONOGHUE, STAN
BOUTIN, ELIZABETH J. HOFER, & RUDY BOONSTRA 324 74.7 METHODS, 325
CONTENTS XVIL 74.2 RED FOX, 325 74.3 WOLF, 327 74.4 WEASEL, 329 74.5
WOLVERINE, 331 14.6 MARTEN, 332 74.7 MINK AND OTTER, 332 74.8 SYNTHESIS
AND CONCLUSIONS, 332 PARTV AVIAN PREDATORS 15 GREAT HORNED OWLS
CHRISTOPH ROHNER, FRANK I. DOYLE, & JAMES N. M. SMITH 339 75.7 METHODS,
341 75.7.7 POPULATION CENSUS, 341 75.7.2 MONITORING DIETS, 342 75.7.3
RADIO TELEMETRY, 342 15.1.4 ANALYSIS OF TELEMETRY DATA, 343 75.7.5
STATISTICAL ANALYSES, 344 75.2 DEMOGRAPHY, 344 15.2.1 REPRODUCTION AND
POPULATION PRODUCTIVITY, 344 15.2.2 SURVIVAL AND EMIGRATION, 348 15.2.3
ESTIMATING NUMERICAL RESPONSES, 351 75.3 FORAGING BEHAVIOR, 351 75.3.7
DJER, 351 15.3.2 PREY PREFERENCES, 354 15.3.3 ESTIMATING FUNCTIONAL
RESPONSES AND PREDATION IMPACT, 355 75.4 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, 360 15.4.1
SOCIAL STATUS AND VOCAL ACTIVITY, 360 15.4.2 STABILITY AND SIZE OF HOME
RANGES, 360 15.4.3 EFFECT OF TERRITORIALITY ON SPACING OF OWLS, 361
15.4.4 TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR AND LIMITATION OF POPULATION INCREASE, 361
15.4.5 SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND THE TIME LAG IN THE NUMERICAL RESPONSE, 364
75.5 RESPONSES TO LARGE-SCALE EXPERIMENTS, 366 15.5.1 SPACE USE IN
TERRITORIES WITH EXPERIMENTAL HOT SPOTS OF PREY, 366 75.5.2 PREDATOR
MOVEMENTS FROM POOR PATCHES TO RICH PATCHES, 368 75.6 DISCUSSION, 368 *
75.6.7 LARGE FLOATING POPULATION WHEN RESOURCES ARE ABUNDANT, 368 15.6.2
FACTORS AFFECTING FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES AND PREDATION IMPACT, 369 15.6.3
LIMITATION OF POPULATION GROWTH AT PEAKS OF CYCLIC PREY, 371 15.6.4 TIME
LAG IN THE NUMERICAL RESPONSE OF A PREDATOR OF CYCLIC PREY, 371 15.6.5
FACTORS LIMITING SPATIAL AGGREGATION OF PREDATORS, 372 16 RAPTORS AND
SCAVENGERS FRANK I. DOYLE & JAMES N. M. SMITH 377 76.7 METHODS, 378
76.7.7 GENERAL APPROACH, 378 XVIII CONTENTS 16.1.2 POPULATION SURVEYS:
THE INTENSIVE SEARCH AREA, 380 16.1.3 REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS, 380 76.7.4
DIETS, 380 76.7.5 DATA ANALYSIS, 381 76.2 PREDICTED RESPONSES OF RAPTORS
AND CORVIDS, 381 76.3 RESPONSES BY GROUPS AND INDIVIDUAL SPECIES, 382
16.3.1 LARGE RESIDENT RAPTORS, 382 76.3.2 LARGE MIGRATORY RAPTORS, 385
76.3.3 SMALL MIGRATORY RAPTORS, 388 76.3.4 SMA// CHW.S, 391 76.3.5
CORVIDS, 394 76.3.6 OTHER RAPTORS, 396 16.3.7 INTRAGUILD PREDATION, 396
76.4 DISCUSSION, 398 16.4.1 FUNCTIONAL, NUMERICAL, AND REPRODUCTIVE
RESPONSES TO HARE DENSITIES, 39 8 76.4.2 RESOURCE PARTITIONING AND DIET
WIDTH, 400 76.4.3 INTRAGUILD PREDATION, 400 76.4.4 METHODOLOGY AND
LIMITATIONS, 401 76.5 SUMMARY, 401 PART VI COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM
ORGANIZATION 17 TESTING HYPOTHESES OF COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION FOR THE
KLUANE ECOSYSTEM A. R. E. SINCLAIR, CHARLES J. KREBS, RUDY BOONSTRA,
STAN BOUTIN, 6 ROY TURKINGTON 407 77.7 EXPERIMENTAL PERTURBATIONS OF THE
BOREAL FOREST, 409 7 7.7.7 DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS, 409 7 7.7.2 THE
EXPERIMENTS, 409 77.2 METHODS, AW 17.2.1 SOIL NITROGEN, 411 -- 77.2.2
VEGETATION, 411 17.2.3 PLANT SECONDARY CHEMICALS, 412 17.2.4 HERBIVORE
BIOMASS, 412 77.2.5 PREDATOR ACTIVITY, 412 7 7.3 DIRECT EFFECTS OF
TROPHIC-LEVEL PERTURBATIONS, 412 77.3.7 FERTILIZER ADDITION, 412 7 7.3.2
ADDITION OF HARE FOOD, 413 17.3.3 PREDATOR EXCLOSURE, 416 17.3.4
PREDATOR EXCLOSURE AND FOOD ADDITION, 41 6 17.3.5 HARE EXCLOSURE, 419 7
7.3.6 //ARE EXCLOSURE PLUS FERTILIZER, 421 7 7.3.7 VEGETATION REMOVAL,
425 77.4 INDIRECT EFFECTS OF TROPHIC-LEVEL PERTURBATIONS, 426 77.4.7
FERTILIZER ADDITION, 426 77.4.2 FOOD ADDITION, 426 17.4.3 PREDATOR
EXCLOSURE, 426 CONTENTS XIX 7 7.4.4 FOOD ADDITION AND PREDATOR
EXCLOSURE, ALL 17.4.5 HARE EXCLOSURE, ALL 17.5 DISCUSSION, ALL 17.5.1
DIRECT EFFECTS, ALL 1-7.5.2 INDIRECT EFFECTS, 428 77.5.3 TOP-DOWN VERSUS
BOTTOM-UP, 430 7 7.5.4 PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOMASS RESPONSES, 430 7 7.5.5
OTHER INDIRECT EFFECTS, A3 1 17.5.6 THE ROLE OF SECONDARY CHEMICALS, 432
17.5.7 THE DOMINANT PATHWAYS IN THE VERTEBRATE COMMUNITY, A31 17.6
CONCLUSION, 433 77.7 SUMMARY, 433 18 VERTEBRATE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN
THE BOREAL FOREST: MODELING THE EFFECTS OF TROPHIC INTERACTION DAVID
CHOQUENOT, CHARLES J. KREBS, A. R. E. SINCLAIR, RUDY BOONSTRA, & STAN
BOUTIN 437 78.7 TROPHIC INTERACTION AND SPECIES COEXISTENCE, 438 78.2
INTERACTION BETWEEN VEGETATION AND HERBIVORES, 439 78.3 INTERACTION
BETWEEN HERBIVORES AND PREDATORS, 440 78.4 MODELING, 440 18.4.1
INTERACTION BETWEEN VEGETATION AND HERBIVORES, 441 18.4.2 EQUILIBRIUM
CONDITIONS FOR SNOWSHOE HARES AND GROUND SQUIRRELS, 446 18.4.3 ADDING
PREDATION TO MODELS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN HERBIVORES AND VEGETATION,
450 78.4.4 THE EFFECT OF HERBIVORE CYCLES ON PREDATORS, 452 78.5
DISCUSSION, 458 78.5.7 UNRESOLVED MODELING ISSUES, 458 78.5.2 MECHANISMS
OF COEXISTENCE, 460 18.5.3 TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP INFLUENCES ON
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, 460 19 TROPHIC MASS FLOW MODELS OF THE KLUANE
BOREAL FOREST ECOSYSTEM JENNIFER L. RUESINK & KAREN E. HODGES 463 79.7
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS OF THE BOREAL FOREST, 466 79.2
MODELING THE KLUANE SYSTEM, 467 79.3 METHODS FOR CONSTRUCTING MASS
BALANCE MODELS, 467 19.3.1 PARAMETERIZATION OF MASS BALANCE MODELS, 469
79.4 RESULTS FROM MASS BALANCE MODELS, 474 19.4.1 CONSUMPTION OF PLANT
BIOMASS BY HERBIVORES, A1A 19.4.2 PHASE OF CYCLE MODELS, A16 19.4.3
SEASONALMODELS, 480 19.4.4 FOOD ADDITION AND PREDATOR REDUCTION MODELS,
480 79.4.5 PARTIAL FOOD WEB MODELS, 483 79.5 DISCUSSION, 485 79.5.7 DO
PREDATOR-PREY DYNAMICS STRUCTURE THE BOREAL FOREST ECOSYSTEM ? 485 XX
CONTENTS 79.5.2 POTENTIAL FOR OTHER ECOPATH MODELS, 486 79.5.3 SYNTHESIS
AND IMPLICATIONS, 487 79.6 SUMMARY, 488 20 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE
DIRECTIONS CHARLES J. KREBS, RUDY BOONSTRA, STAN BOUTIN, & A. R. E.
SINCLAIR 491 20.7 PRIMARY FINDINGS, 492 20.1.1 PREDATOR TROPHIC LEVEL,
492 20.7.2 HERBIVORE TROPHIC LEVEL, 493 20.1.3 PLANT TROPHIC LEVEL, 494
20.2 SECONDARY FINDINGS, 494 20.2.7 PREDATOR TROPHIC LEVEL, 49 4 -
20.2.2 HERBIVORE TROPHIC LEVEL, 495 20.2.3 PLANT TROPHIC LEVEL, 496 20.3
OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER WORK, 497 20.4 UNSOLVED PROBLEMS, 498 20.5
FUTURE BOREAL FOREST RESEARCH, 499 APPENDIX 1 HOW TO USE THE ENCLOSED
KLUANE CD-ROM 503 APPENDIX 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR THE KLUANE CD-ROM 504
INDEX 505
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| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV013888491 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QH106 |
| callnumber-raw | QH106.2.Y84 |
| callnumber-search | QH106.2.Y84 |
| callnumber-sort | QH 3106.2 Y84 |
| callnumber-subject | QH - Natural History and Biology |
| classification_rvk | RY 82501 RY 82525 WI 5750 WI 8750 |
| classification_tum | BIO 130f BIO 720f UMW 110f FOR 150f BIO 420f FOR 180f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)48698463 (DE-599)BVBBV013888491 |
| dewey-full | 577.3 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 577 - Ecology |
| dewey-raw | 577.3 |
| dewey-search | 577.3 |
| dewey-sort | 3577.3 |
| dewey-tens | 570 - Biology |
| discipline | Biologie Forstwissenschaft Umwelt Geographie |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Kluane National Park and Reserve (Yukon) Kluane National Park and Reserve (DE-588)4646115-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Kluane National Park and Reserve (Yukon) Kluane National Park and Reserve |
| id | DE-604.BV013888491 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:53:51Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0195133935 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009502010 |
| oclc_num | 48698463 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29 DE-20 DE-1028 DE-703 DE-634 |
| owner_facet | DE-29 DE-20 DE-1028 DE-703 DE-634 |
| physical | XXIII, 511 S. graph. Darst., Kt. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publishDateSearch | 2001 |
| publishDateSort | 2001 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project ed. by Charles J. Krebs ... Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2001 XXIII, 511 S. graph. Darst., Kt. 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Borealer Nadelwald (DE-588)4129546-8 gnd rswk-swf Forstökologie (DE-588)4017951-5 gnd rswk-swf Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd rswk-swf Kluane National Park and Reserve (Yukon) Kluane National Park and Reserve (DE-588)4646115-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Borealer Nadelwald (DE-588)4129546-8 s Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 s DE-604 Kluane National Park and Reserve (DE-588)4646115-2 g Forstökologie (DE-588)4017951-5 s Krebs, Charles J. Sonstige oth HEBIS Datenaustausch Darmstadt application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009502010&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project Borealer Nadelwald (DE-588)4129546-8 gnd Forstökologie (DE-588)4017951-5 gnd Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4129546-8 (DE-588)4017951-5 (DE-588)4043216-6 (DE-588)4646115-2 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project |
| title_auth | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project |
| title_exact_search | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project |
| title_full | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project ed. by Charles J. Krebs ... |
| title_fullStr | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project ed. by Charles J. Krebs ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the Kluane Project ed. by Charles J. Krebs ... |
| title_short | Ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest |
| title_sort | ecosystem dynamics of the boreal forest the kluane project |
| title_sub | the Kluane Project |
| topic | Borealer Nadelwald (DE-588)4129546-8 gnd Forstökologie (DE-588)4017951-5 gnd Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Borealer Nadelwald Forstökologie Ökosystem Kluane National Park and Reserve (Yukon) Kluane National Park and Reserve Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009502010&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT krebscharlesj ecosystemdynamicsoftheborealforestthekluaneproject |