Scientific essentialism:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2001
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Cambridge studies in philosophy
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 309 S. |
| ISBN: | 0521800943 9780521800945 9780521037747 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804128650574954496 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
page
xiii
Introduction
1
Part One Concepts
1
Concepts of Scientific Essentialism
17
1.1
Real Properties and Relations
17
1.2
Natural Kinds and Essences
19
1.3
Species, Instances, and Tropes
23
1.4
Intrinsic Properties and Structures
26
1.5
Intrinsic Properties and Real Essences
31
1.6
Two Brands of Necessity
32
1.7
Necessity and A Priori Knowledge
38
1.8
Natural Necessity
43
1.9
The
Humean
Metaphysic
44
1.10
Empiricist and Essentialist Perspectives on Reality
47
1.11
Causal Powers and Causal Processes
49
1.12
Causal Powers and Causal Laws
52
Notes
55
Part Two Ontology
2
Natural Kinds
61
2.1
The Aims of Ontology
61
2.2
Ontological Dependence
63
2.3
The Natural Kinds Structure of the World
67
2.4
Accidental, Incidental, and Essential Properties
76
2.5
Spectral Kinds
79
2.6
The Theory of Ontological Reduction
82
2.7
Real Properties and Property Identity
84
2.8
Properties and Predicates
89
2.9
So What Are Natural Kinds?
97
2.10
The Logic of Natural Kinds
100
Notes
101
3
Powers and Dispositions
106
3.1
Introduction
106
3.2
The Dead World of Mechanism
107
3.3
Forces as External to Objects
109
3.4
The Dubious Status of Dispositions 111
3.5
Categorical Realism
112
3.6
Dispositions and Categorical Realism
118
3.7
Mellor s Dispositional Foundationalism
121
3.8
An Analysis of Dispositions
123
3.9
Dispositional Essentialism
127
3.10
Dispositional Properties and Causal Laws
129
3.11
Meinongianism
132
3.12
Categorical Properties and Relations
135
Notes
138
Part Three Scientific Explanation
4
Realism and Essentialism in Science
145
4.1
Essentialist Realism
145
4.2
Scientific Realism
146
4.3
Critique of the Standard Argument for Realism
150
4.4
Realism and the
Humean
Supervenience Thesis
154
4.5
Causal Process Realism
157
4.6
Essentialism in Chemistry
161
4.7
Essentialism in Physics
165
4.8
Essentialism in Biology
167
4.9
Essentialism in Psychology
170
4.10
Constructing Essentialist Explanations
173
Notes
175
5
Essentialism in the Social Sciences
177
5.1
Scientific Essentialism and Social Theory
177
5.2
Historical Explanations
179
5.3
The Structure of Realist Explanations in Science
182
5.4
Economic Essentialism
184
5.5
Economic Models
186
5.6
Neo-Classical A Priorism
187
5.7
Theoretical Ideak and Explanatory Frameworks
189
5.8
Theoretical Models in Physics and Economics
190
5.9
Methodology
194
5.10
Economic Empiricism
197
Notes
198
Part Four Laws of Nature
6
Theories of Laws of Nature
203
6.1
Introduction
203
6.2
Classification of the Laws of Nature
204
6.3
The Causal Laws
206
6.4
Desiderata for a Theory of Laws
207
6.5
Three Problems About Laws of Nature
210
6.6
The
Humean
Regularity Theory of Laws
211
6.7
Conventionalist Theories of Laws
213
6.8
Natural Necessitation Theories
215
6.9
Essentialist Theories of Laws
217
6.10
Solving the Three Main Problems
219
6.11
The Abstract Character of Theoretical Laws
222
6.12
The Role of Idealization in Physical Theory
224
6.13
The Demarcation Problem
225
Notes
226
7
Natural Necessity
229
7.1
The Problem of Natural Necessity
229
7.2
Hume s Concept of Natural Necessity
229
7.3
Imagined Possibility
231
7.4
Real and Logical Possibility
234
7.5
Individual Essences and Kind Essences
237
7.6
Possible Work^ Theories of Natural Necessity
241
7.7
Humean
and Essentialist Perspectives on Reality
245
7.8
Grounding Natural Necessities in the World
248
7.9
The World as One of a Kind
249
7.10
Alien Worlds and Alien Kinds ofThings
253
7.11
Is Metaphysical Necessity Too Strong?
255
7.12
Four Principles of Natural Necessity
256
Notes
257
Part Five The New
Essentíalism
8
The Essentialist Program
261
8.1
Essentialist and
Humean
Metaphysics
261
8.2
The Ultimate Sources of Power in the World
263
8.3
Forces, Causal Relations, and Causal Powers
265
8.4
The Program of Logical Analysis
268
8.5
Actual
and Possible
Worlds
272
8.6
Realistic Semantics for Natural Modalities
274
8.7
An Essentialist Theory of Conditionals
278
8.8
Realistic Analysis and the Theory of Conditionals
279
8.9
Essentialism and the Problem of Induction
283
8.10
Necessary Connections Between Events
286
8.11
The New Case for
Epistemic
Conservatism
288
8.12
The Program of Realistic Analysis
291
Notes
292
Bibliography
295
Index
303
xu
Scientific Essentialism defends the view
that the fundamental laws of nature depend
on the essential properties of the things on
which they are said to operate and are
therefore not independent of them. These
laws are not imposed on the world by God,
the forces of nature, or anything else, but
rather are immanent in the world.
Brian Ellis argues that ours is a dynamic
world consisting of more or less transient
objects that are constantly interacting with
each other and whose identities depend on
their roles in these processes. Natural
objects must behave as they do because to
do otherwise would be contrary to their
natures. The laws of nature are therefore
metaphysically necessary, and consequently
there are necessary connections between
events.
in an innovative contribution to
contemporary metaphysics, Ellis calls for
the rejection of the theory of
Humean
Supervenience and implementation of a
new kind of realism in philosophical
analysis.
This book will interest professionals and
students of philosophy and the philosophy
of science.
|
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| discipline | Philosophie |
| edition | 1. publ. |
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| spelling | Ellis, B. D. 1929- Verfasser (DE-588)123095743 aut Scientific essentialism Brian Ellis 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2001 XIV, 309 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cambridge studies in philosophy Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 gnd rswk-swf Essentialismus (DE-588)4113474-6 gnd rswk-swf Wissenschaftsphilosophie (DE-588)4202787-1 gnd rswk-swf Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd rswk-swf Naturgesetz (DE-588)4132390-7 gnd rswk-swf Essentialismus (DE-588)4113474-6 s Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 s DE-604 Naturgesetz (DE-588)4132390-7 s DE-188 Wissenschaftsphilosophie (DE-588)4202787-1 s Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 s Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009452339&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009452339&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Ellis, B. D. 1929- Scientific essentialism Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 gnd Essentialismus (DE-588)4113474-6 gnd Wissenschaftsphilosophie (DE-588)4202787-1 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd Naturgesetz (DE-588)4132390-7 gnd |
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| title | Scientific essentialism |
| title_auth | Scientific essentialism |
| title_exact_search | Scientific essentialism |
| title_full | Scientific essentialism Brian Ellis |
| title_fullStr | Scientific essentialism Brian Ellis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scientific essentialism Brian Ellis |
| title_short | Scientific essentialism |
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