Isonzo: the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War
"This is the first account in English of a much-overlooked, but important, First World War battlefront located in the mountains astride the border between Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Not well known in the West, the battles of Isonzo were nevertheless ferocious, and compiled a record...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Westport, Conn. [u.a.]
Praeger
2001
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "This is the first account in English of a much-overlooked, but important, First World War battlefront located in the mountains astride the border between Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Not well known in the West, the battles of Isonzo were nevertheless ferocious, and compiled a record of bloodletting that totaled over 1.75 million for both sides. In sharp contrast to claims that neither the Italian nor the Austrian armies were viable fighting forces, Schindler aims to bring the terrible sacrifices endured by both armies back to their rightful place in the history of 20th-century Europe. The Habsburg Empire, he contends, lost the war for military and economic reasons rather than for political or ethnic ones."--BOOK JACKET. |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 409 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0275972046 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Isonzo |b the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War |c John R. Schindler |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
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| 300 | |a XIV, 409 S. |b Ill., Kt. | ||
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| 520 | 1 | |a "This is the first account in English of a much-overlooked, but important, First World War battlefront located in the mountains astride the border between Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Not well known in the West, the battles of Isonzo were nevertheless ferocious, and compiled a record of bloodletting that totaled over 1.75 million for both sides. In sharp contrast to claims that neither the Italian nor the Austrian armies were viable fighting forces, Schindler aims to bring the terrible sacrifices endured by both armies back to their rightful place in the history of 20th-century Europe. The Habsburg Empire, he contends, lost the war for military and economic reasons rather than for political or ethnic ones."--BOOK JACKET. | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Isonzo, Battles of the, 1915-1917 | |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009444210&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804128638210146304 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
xi
The Road to War
1
1.
Italia Irredenta
3
2.
A Hopeless Struggle
23
1915 39
3.
The Hour of the Triumph of the Finest Values
41
4.
The Battle of Monte
San Michele
61
5.
Materielschlacht: Assembly-Line War
85
6.
The Superior Is Always Right, Especially When He Is
Wrong
105
1916 127
7.
A So-Called Battle
129
8.
The Battle of Gorizia
15
j
9.
The Triumph of Attrition
173
viii Contents
1917 195
10.
A Hundred Thousand Shells an Hour
197
11.
Bainsizza Breakthrough
219
12.
Caporetto
243
1918 267
13.
An Italian Renaissance
269
14.
Austria Is in Your Camp
289
Epilogue
313
15.
Since Then
315
16.
The Battlefield Today
339
Notes
349
Maps
359
A Note on Names and Pronunciations
369
Essay on Sources
373
Bibliography
381
Index
391
An unnumbered photo section follows chapter
9.
Index
Adua, battle of,
9
Afrikakorps,
331
Air attacks: Allied,
285;
Austrian,
142-143, 224-225;
Italian,
94, 175,
224;
RAF,
301,303
Aisne-Mame offensive,
289—290
Amiens, British offensive,
290, 292
Annihilation barrage,
239
Annihilation fire,
188
Anschluss,
325-327
Arbarello, Cpt.
Vincenzo,
49
Arditi,
221, 227, 240, 278-279, 285,
286, 298;
revisionists,
318
Artillery: Austrian,
29, 30, 35, 54, 74,
90-91, 125-126 156, 205, 207,
208-209, 234, 236, 238;
Austrian
shortage of,
90, 161-162, 200, 224,
282, 285, 295, 296, 300-301;
Ger¬
man,
30, 245-246;
Italian,
10, 41,
92, 98, 140, 155, 182, 222, 227, 241,
287;
Italian shortage of,
42-43, 141,
205;
role of,
44, 248;
Russian,
30
Arz,
Gen. Arthur
von Straussenburg,
200, 234, 245, 291, 303, 306
Asiago plateau: Austrian desertion,
300;
Italian defensive campaigns,
279, 281;
Peace offensive,
282, 284,
286;
South Tyrol offensive,
147,
151, 154;
Twelfth campaign,
263-264;
Tyrolean offensive,
220
Assault units,
221, 278-279, 284
Association for Italia irredenta,
8
Attrition policy: German,
138;
Italian,
130, 137, 180, 186, 218, 242, 245
Audace,
310
Ausgleich, 24-26
Austerlitz, battle of,
27
Austria Is in Your Camp,
308
Austria: Republic of,
324, 325-326;
State Treaty,
336
Austria-Hungary: dissolution of,
296-297, 298-299, 301, 304,
308—309;
ethnic composition of,
24,
25;
German nationalism,
293-294;
home front,
200, 270, 290-291, 295;
military reputation,
xiii—xiv;
mobili¬
zation,
29, 30, 31, 43;
nationalities
issue,
291-292;
pre-war,
7-8,
24—25;
pre-war military spending,
392
Index
28-29;
relationship with Germany,
280-281, 290;
Sarajevo crisis,
12-13;
surrender of,
306;
Triple Al¬
liance,
8-9, 20
Austrian Army: air attacks by,
142-143,
224-225;
Army Group
Boroević,
249-250, 263, 308;
Army Group
Conrad,
284;
battalions,
37;
demobi¬
lization of,
309-310;
dissolution of,
304-305;
divisions,
30;
ethnic com¬
position,
27-28; Grenzer
Regiments,
46;
and
Habsburg
dynasty,
27;
intel¬
ligence service,
93—94, 112,
139-140, 156, 187, 224, 283, 293;
medical system,
295;
morale,
35, 42,
47^8,65,75,81-82,88,91,
111,
133-134, 178-179, 191,216-217,
226, 239, 272, 286;
in
1918,
269-270;
officer s
corp,
28;
organi¬
zation of,
27, 29-30;
political indoc¬
trination of,
273—274;
regiments,
28;
reorganization of,
274—275 ;
rest and
relaxation,
85;
Special Sapper battal¬
ion,
152
Austrian Armies:
First Army,
32
Second Army,
31—32
Third Army,
32, 33, 34, 46-47, 145,
147
Fourth Army,
32, 33
Fifth Army,
31-32, 160;
First cam¬
paign,
46-47, 54, 58-59;
Second
campaign,
65—66;
Third cam¬
paign
87, 91, 98, 104;
Fourth
campaign, 111,
125, 134;
Fifth
campaign
139-140, 142;
Sixth
campaign,
156-157, 161, 164,
167, 169, 171;
Seventh cam¬
paign,
173;
Eighth campaign,
182, 184-186;
Ninth campaign,
187-189, 191;
Tenth campaign,
203, 207, 210;
South Tyrol offen¬
sive,
147
Sixth Army,
31
Tenth Army,
280
Eleventh Army,
145, 147, 284, 300
Isonzó
Army: Tenth campaign,
210,
211-212, 214-217;
Eleventh
campaign,
223-224, 230, 235,
236;
Twelfth campaign,
244, 257;
defensive doctrine,
292-293;
es¬
tablishment of,
210;
Peace offen¬
sive,
282-286;
Victory offensive,
303, 304, 307
Austrian Army Battalions:
2nd
battalion,
52, 58, 160, 208
3rd
battalion,
70, 205-206, 213-214
4th battalion,
101, 190, 215-216,
231,238-239
6th
Jäger
battalion,
141
7th
Jäger
battalion,
114
8th
Jäger
battalion,
114
9th
Jäger
battalion,
236
9th Sapper battalion,
162
1
lth
Jäger
battalion,
177
1
lth Replacement battalion,
116-117, 120
22nd battalion,
205
55th Assault battalion,
247
Austrian Army Brigades:
1st
Mountain Brigade,
50—51, 52,
53,71,98, 101, 102, 113
3rd
Mountain Brigade,
48, 49, 73,
77, 342
5th Mountain Brigade,
53
8th Mountain Brigade,
76-77, 88,
168, 169
12th Mountain Brigade,
70, 74
14th Mountain Brigade,
74
15th Mountain Brigade,
77
18th Brigade,
236, 239
24th Militia Brigade,
176
57th Brigade,
302
59th Infantry Brigade,
168
60th Brigade,
157, 176, 177
81st
Honvéd
Brigade,
96, 160
121st Brigade,
167
201st Militia Brigade,
300, 302, 303
Austrian Army Corps:
I Corps,
246-247, 249, 253-254,
256, 263
Index
393
III Corps,
87, 95, 97, 145;
Tyrolean
offensive,
220-221
VII
Corps: Second campaign,
66-71, 74, 75;
Third campaign,
95, 96, 97, 100, 104;
Fourth cam¬
paign,
114-115, 120, 121;
Fifth
campaign,
143;
Sixth campaign,
152, 153, 161, 162, 164, 165,
167, 169, 170;
Seventh campaign,
174-177;
Eighth campaign,
182,
185;
Ninth campaign,
188-189;
Tenth campaign,
207, 212, 213;
Eleventh campaign,
231;
Peace
offensive,
284
VIII
Corps,
31
XIV
Corps,
100, 160
XV Corps,
45-46, 47, 48, 72, 95,
98-99
XVI
Corps,
45-46, 47, 66-67;
Eighth campaign,
182;
Tenth
campaign,
207;
victory offen¬
sive,
300-303
XVII
Corps: Eighth campaign,
182;
Tenth campaign,
207-208,
210-211
XX Corps,
145
XXIII
Corps: Tenth campaign,
212-214, 216;
Eleventh cam¬
paign,
239-240;
Peace offensive,
284
XXIV
Corps,
235, 342
Austrian Army Divisions:
1st
Division, 111
3rd
Infantry division,
246, 305
5th Division,
284
6th Division, 111,
114, 116, 143
7th Division,
300-302
9th Division,
182, 185, 230
10th Division,
206
12th Division,
227, 229, 230
14th Division,
190, 207
17th Infantry Division: Second cam¬
paign,
66-69, 80;
Third cam¬
paign,
100, 102-103,
111,
114-117, 120;
Fifth campaign,
140, 143;
Sixth campaign,
152,
153, 161, 164, 167, 168, 169,
170;
Seventh campaign,
174-177, 180;
Eighth campaign,
182, 185-186;
Ninth campaign,
189—190;
Eleventh campaign,
231
18th Division,
101,
111
20th
Honvéd
Division,
66-69, 71,
95, 120;
Sixth campaign,
152,
153, 161, 164, 167, 170-171;
Seventh campaign,
174;
Eighth
campaign,
182, 184, 186;
transfer
of,
191
21st Rifle Division,
188, 225-226,
228, 232, 299
22nd Rifle Division,
87, 111-112,
120;
Twelfth campaign,
246,
253-254, 260
26th Rifle Division,
302, 303
27th Infantry Division,
300
28th Infantry Division: Third cam¬
paign,
87;
Fourth campaign,
111—112;
Seventh campaign,
175, 177, 180;
Eighth campaign,
182;
Ninth campaign,
188;
Elev¬
enth campaign,
239—240
29th Division: Twelfth campaign,
260;
victory offensive,
293-296,
299, 300-303, 305-306, 308-309
35th Division,
229-230, 239-240
37th Rifle Division,
116
38th
Honvéd
Division,
300
42nd
Honvéd
Division,
46, 299
43rd Rifle Division,
182, 183, 188,
189
44th Rifle Division, 111,
135, 141,
182, 188
48th Division,
229
50th Division,
50, 57, 111
55th Division,
246-249, 253-254,
258, 260, 263;
mutiny of,
299
58th Division: First campaign,
54,
55, 56, 58;
Second campaign,
72;
Third campaign,
98, 99-100,
102;
Fourth campaign, 111,
112,
115, 116, 118, 136-137;
Fifth
394
Index
campaign,
142;
Sixth campaign,
158-164, 166, 167, 170;
Seventh
campaign,
174;
Ninth campaign,
189, 191;
Tenth campaign,
206-207;
Eleventh campaign,
227
60th Division,
205
62nd Division,
204-208
73rd Division,
232
91st Division,
91
93rd Division,
57
106th Militia Division: Fourth cam¬
paign,
120;
Sixth campaign,
151,
152;
Eleventh campaign,
227
233, 240, 241
Austrian Army Regiments:
1st
Honvéd
Regiment,
120, 121, 122
1st
Mountain Rifle Regiment,
73,
135, 141
2nd
Bosnian Regiment,
70, 114,
141-142, 178;
Twelfth campaign,
247, 260
2nd
Imperial Tyrolean Rifle Regi¬
ment
{Kaiserjäger),
Third cam¬
paign,
88;
Twelfth campaign,
246
2nd
Infantry Regiment,
212, 213,
216
2nd
Mountain Rifle Regiment,
78-79, 308-309
4th Bosnian Regiment,
247, 253,
259, 299
4th
Honvéd
Regiment,
49, 120, 121,
161, 162, 165, 171
4th Infantry Regiment,
28, 101, 113
6th Militia Regiment,
95, 240
7th Infantry Regiment,
247, 253,
260, 299
11th Militia Regiment,
151,
213-214
14th Infantry Regiment,
241
17th
Honvéd
Regiment,
58-59, 91,
160, 164, 168
21st Rifle Regiment,
78
22nd Infantry Regiment,
52, 113,
125, 309
22nd Rifle Regiment,
160, 161, 165,
205, 206, 208
23rd Rifle Regiment,
99, 162
25th Militia Regiment,
206, 240
25th Rifle Regiment,
299
28th Regiment,
28, 35, 82, 116-117,
120,216-217,226
30th Regiment,
98
31st Militia Regiment,
240
31st Regiment,
212-213
32nd Austrian Militia Regiment,
209
33rd Regiment,
259
37th Rifle Regiment,
58, 113, 136,
142, 158-159, 162-163, 166
39th Militia Regiment,
215-216
39th Regiment,
231
41st Regiment,
188-189,210
42nd Regiment,
308
43rd Regiment,
95, 96, 114, 161,
162, 177
46th Infantry Regiment,
67, 140,
143, 161,231
52nd Regiment,
165, 205
61st Infantry Regiment,
28, 68, 175,
190
69th Regiment,
137
74th Regiment,
299
80th Regiment,
49
87th Regiment,
236-237
92nd Regiment,
304
94th Infantry Regiment,
295, 310
96th Infantry Regiment,
69, 75
97th Infantry Regiment,
28, 36
98th Regiment,
185
102nd Regiment,
184
132nd Regiment,
302
Austrian casualties: First offensive,
42—43, 49;
Second campaign,
67, 69,
71, 73-74, 80;
Third campaign
95;
Fourth offensive,
114, 125, 135-137;
Fifth campaign,
141, 142;
Sixth
campaign,
167, 171;
Eighth cam¬
paign,
183, 185, 186-187;
Ninth
campaign,
188, 191;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
211,217;
Eleventh campaign,
242;
Twelfth campaign,
264;
early
Index
395
warfare,
32—35;
Isonzó
campaigns,
xii, 52, 58-59, 324;
Peace offensive,
283, 286;
South Tyrol offensive,
149;
Tyrolean offensive,
220-221;
victory offensive,
303, 307
Austrian Landwehr.Ausgleich,
27;
mo¬
bilization,
30;
Second campaign,
78
Austrian Littoral: description of,
3—5;
irredentist movement,
8—9, 48;
Ital¬
ian claim to,
19, 48;
preparations for
war,
37;
pre-war ethnic composition,
5—6;
provincial autonomy,
25.
See
also Littoral
Avalanches,
134—135
Avanti Savoia!
, 51, 58, 121, 179
Badoglio, Col./Marshal
Pietro:
Sixth
campaign,
155—156, 159;
Tenth
campaign,
204, 208-211;
Eleventh
campaign,
227, 229,
232;Twelfth
campaign,
262;
and
D Annunzio,
319;
death of,
335;
and Fascist re¬
gime,
322, 329;
fascist views of,
319-320;
rebuilding Italian Army,
275, 276, 279, 286, 297;
World War
II,
330
Bainsizza plateau (Austrian Littoral),
5;
First campaign,
50;
Second cam¬
paign,
66—67;
Third campaign,
90,
93, 94, 101;
Fourth campaign, 111;
Eighth campaign,
182;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
201, 204, 207-213;
Eleventh
campaign,
222-229, 232-235, 238,
242;
Twelfth campaign,
249-251,
254;
war memorials,
342
Balkan Wars,
29, 31
Banjšice,
342-343
Banner of Randaccio,
318-319
Barbed wire, role of,
44
Barger, Capt.
Eduard, 253
Bassi,
Maj.
Gen. Giuseppe Alberto,
221, 227, 240
Bate,
234, 342
Bayonets,
96,
ИЗ
Belgium, occupation of,
16—17
Belgrade,
33
Benedict XV, Pope,
220
Berndt,
Lt. Gen. Otto von, 294, 299,
301-306,308-310,335
Black
day,
290, 292
Black
flames,
278
Black
Shirts,
320, 329-330
Bloody
383, 98, 114, 165, 205, 343
Blue Max,
255, 341
Bodrez,
208
Bolsheviks,
222, 265
Bonaparte, Napoleon,
94, 132, 339
Dongiovanni, Col.,
44
Boog,
Maj
Gen.,
Second campaign,
70,
71
Bora, on the
Carso,
4, 176
Boroević,
Gen. Svetozar von
Bojna:
First
campaign,
47-^-9, 54, 58, 60;
Second campaign,
69-72, 74, 75,
76;
Third campaign,
104;
Fourth
campaign, 111,
125, 126, 136;
Sixth
campaign,
152, 156, 159, 161-163,
167, 169, 171;
Seventh campaign,
173;
Eighth campaign,
181-182,
183, 185, 186;
Ninth campaign,
187-190;
Tenth campaign,
207, 210,
211-213, 215, 217;
Eleventh cam¬
paign,
223-224, 228-223, 232,
233-236, 239, 240-242;
Twelfth
campaign,
244-246, 264;
back¬
ground of,
46—47;
defensive strategy
of,
65-66, 82, 87, 90;
end of the em¬
pire,
308;
opposition view,
281—282;
Peace offensive,
282, 286;
Piave
line,
296;
post-war years,
324—325;
victory offensive,
304, 305, 307
Boselli, Paolo,
149-150, 220, 225
Bosniaken,
70, 78, 142, 178, 179, 239,
259, 260
Bosnian Crisis
(1908-1909), 30
Bovec, war memorials,
340.
See also
Flitsch
Breganzi, Lt Col.,
43-44
Brest Litovsk, Treaty of,
272
Britain,
86, 109, 154, 243-244;
military
activity,
290, 296-297;
Royal Air
Force (RAF),
301, 303;
Triple En-
396
Index
tente,
13;
Victory
offensive,
300-301
British
Army: Fifth Army,
280; XIV
Corps,
300, 302;
7th Division,
300;
23rd Division,
300, 302
Brod,
Max,
256
Brother Slav,
24, 35, 272
Brugnera,
303
Brusati,
Lt. Gen., 146
Brusilov, Gen. Alexei,
147-149, 222,
228
Bulgaria,
297
Buonamici, Col.,
99
Burdován,
178
Burian,
István,
19
Cadoma, Gen.
Luigi: First
campaign,
45, 48, 53-54, 56, 57, 59, 61;
Sec¬
ond campaign,
61, 63-64, 70, 73,
74, 76;
Third campaign,
93, 95-97,
99-101, 105;
Fourth campaign,
115,
129;
Fifth campaign,
139-141;
Sixth
campaign,
156, 163, 164, 165, 168,
170, 171;
Seventh campaign,
173,
180;
Eighth campaign,
183, 186;
Ninth campaign,
187, 190, 191;
Tenth campaign,
206, 215, 217, 218;
Eleventh campaign,
225, 236, 238,
242;
Twelfth campaign,
243-244,
250-251, 254, 305;
background of,
13-14;
character of,
14, 62, 63, 109,
124, 252;
dismissal of,
261;
evalua¬
tion of,
251-252;
and Fascist re¬
gime,
321;
and General Joffre,
87;
and home front,
219—220;
military
discipline,
62-63, 81, 103, 109-110;
mobilization for war,
15, 20, 36-37,
41-42;
Sarajevo crisis,
13, 15;
South
Tyrol offensive,
146-150;
strategy,
15-16, 82-83, 101, 108, 110,
129-131, 137, 139, 156, 201;
tacti¬
cal doctrine,
43, 44, 54, 103, 275
Capello,
Gen.
Luigi:
Third campaign,
98, 99, 102;
Fourth campaign, 111,
113, 115, 118, 119, 122, 136-137;
Sixth campaign,
155, 159, 162, 163,
165, 170;
Eleventh campaign,
223,
226, 228-229, 232-238, 240-242;
Twelfth campaign,
244, 250-251,
254; 1st
Assault battalion,
221;
Army of Gorizia,
201-202,
204-208, 211, 215, 217;
back¬
ground,
97—98;
and Fascist regime,
321
Caporetto, Italian war dead,
322.
See
also Karfreit, Kobarid
Caporetto miracle,
264
Carpathian Mountains,
23-24, 33,
34-35, 42, 45
Carso
(Austrian Littoral),
4—5;
First
campaign,
44, 47, 53, 56-59;
Second
campaign,
63—64, 66—69, 73—75, 79;
Third campaign,
90, 93-96, 100,
102-104;
Fourth campaign, 111,
114-117;
Fifth campaign,
139, 143,
144;
Sixth campaign,
151, 157, 160,
163-164, 166-167, 169, 170;
Sev¬
enth campaign,
175—177, 180;
Eighth campaign,
181—187;
Ninth
campaign,
187-190;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
201, 202, 211-216;
Eleventh
campaign,
223, 227-229, 242;
Twelfth campaign,
249-250, 257;
pre-war ethnic composition,
5;
war
memorials,
344—345
Castiglioni, Gianni,
341, 346
Cattaro,
37, 271-272
Cavan,
Gen., 300
Caviglia,
Lt. Gen. Enrico, 225, 226,
229,232, 233
Cecchini,
85, 121, 134
Ceceo
Beppe,
192
Čepován,
233, 234, 342
Chantilly conférence,
129, 197-198
Cholera
epidemics,
36, 100, 107, 108,
271
Christalnigg, Countess Lucy,
36
Church of Holy Mary,
77, 88, 141
Church of the Holy Ghost,
341-342
City of Violets,
4, 6, 58, 93, 105, 115,
119, 162, 163
Index
397
Civilians,
105;
Italian shelling of,
49,
72, 115
Commission of Relief, United States,
328
Compromise of
1867, 24-26
Congress of Oppressed Nationalities,
290
Conrad
von Hötzendorf,
Field Marshal
Franz,
30-32, 34, 35-36, 37, 282;
First campaign,
45-47;
Third cam¬
paign,
104;
Sixth campaign,
157;
Eighth campaign,
182;
Ninth cam¬
paign,
190;
dismissal of,
200;
Peace
offensive,
282;
South Tyrol offen¬
sive,
144-149, 245, 252
Conscription: Austrian Army,
29, 31,
32;
Italian Army,
10, 12
Cornino,
258-260
Corriere della Sera,
317
Cortellessa, Achille,
153, 346
Cortellessa, Ermino,
153, 346
Cortellessa, Luigi,
153, 346
Cramon,
Gen. August von, 283, 286
Custoza, battle of,
9
Czecho-Slovak independence,
299
Czechoslovak Committee,
290-291
Czechoslovakia, and veterans,
328-329
Dallolio, Gen. Alfred,
92
Dalmaţia:
Italian claim to,
19, 48;
ítalo-Yugos
lav war,
330;
post-war
settlement,
316-317, 319
D Annunzio, Gabriele,
21, 75, 96, 103,
183, 186, 214;
Fiume,
318-319;
na¬
tionalist movement,
317-318
Dante
Alighieri
Society,
8
Das Leichenfeld von
Loos,
109
Decimation,
110, 125, 199, 214, 251
De Gasperi, Alcide,
335
Dellmensigen,
Lt.
Gem Krafft
von, 246
Derby, Lord,
244
Descia,
208, 226
Desert
Fox,
331
Desertions: Austria-Hungarian military,
35, 274, 291, 294, 299-300;
Italian
military,
93, 109-110, 203, 220,
224, 258;
Russian Army,
222
Diaz, Gen. Armando: and Allies,
279-280, 297;
appointment of,
261-264;
and Fascist regime,
321;
Peace offensive,
287;
rebuilding Ital¬
ian Army,
275-277;
replacement of,
319-320;
Victory offensive,
298
Di
Robilant,
Lt. Gen.
Nicoîis, Second
campaign,
76, 77, 78, 79
Di Rosìto,
Gen. Pettiti, 310
Di San Giuliano,
Foreign Minister
Antonino,
12-13, 18
Doberdò plateau,
160, 166-167;
First
campaign,
54, 55, 57;
Second cam¬
paign,
63, 64, 71, 73, 74;
Third cam¬
paign,
87, 90, 93, 95, 103;
Fifth
campaign,
142;
war memorials,
345
Dol
saddle,
232, 237
Dolfuss,
Engelbert, 325-326
Dolinas,
4, 100, 177, 189, 190, 342
Drennig, Col. Franz,
96
Duke of
Aosta.
See Filiberto, Gen.
Emanuele
di Savoia
East
Galicia,
Russian campaign,
147-149, 197, 222
Edelweiss Division,
256, 305.
See also
Austrian Army,
3rd
Infantry Division
Eighth Battle of the
Isonzó,
183-185
Eighth
Isonzó
campaign,
180-187
El Alamein,
331
Eleventh
Isonzó
campaign,
225-242
Entente prisoners,
272
Etappe, 270
Ethiopia,
9, 322, 329
Eugen,
Archduke,
239, 246;
Eighth
campaign,
183;
South Tyrol offen¬
sive,
145, 147, 149
Fabrikliche Krieg, 104
Fajti
hrib,
189, 190, 207
Falkenhayn,
Gen. Erich, 37;
Eastern
strategy,
137-138;
South
Tyrol of¬
fensive,
144-145
A Farewell to Arms,
xiii, 323—324
398
Index
Fasci di Combattimento,
318
Fascism:
growth of,
319-320;
move¬
ment, origin of,
318;
state power,
320
Fascist Grand Council,
330-331
Fey, Commander
Emil,
101-102;
mur¬
der of,
327;
Republic of Austria,
325-326
Fifth
Isonzó
campaign,
139—144
Filiberto,
Gen. Emanuele
di Savoia:
First campaign,
44, 53-54;
Second
campaign,
63, 69, 70, 71, 73;
Third
campaign,
97;
Fourth campaign,
111,
114, 116, 120, 121;
Fifth cam¬
paign,
139, 143;
Sixth campaign,
151, 156, 165, 168, 170;
Seventh
campaign,
174, 175, 180;
Eighth
campaign,
181, 185-186;
Ninth
campaign,
187, 189, 190;
Tenth
campaign,
207, 211, 212, 216;
Elev¬
enth campaign,
223, 227, 229, 239;
Twelfth campaign,
244, 250,
257-258, 263;
burial site,
346;
and
Fascist regime,
322;
fascist views of,
319-320;
Peace offensive,
284
Final Solution,
332
First holocaust, the,
52
First
Isonzó
campaign,
48—60
Fiume,
316-319
Flanders,
108, 109, 296-297;
trench
warfare,
43, 86
Flitsch (Austrian Littoral),
5;
First cam¬
paign,
48;
Second campaign,
76, 78,
79;
Third campaign,
88, 90;
Fourth
campaign, 111,
118;
Fifth campaign,
140, 141;
Seventh campaign,
179;
post-war conditions,
323;
war me¬
morials,
340;
Yugoslav bombing of,
337
Flondar,
230, 232
Foch,
Field Marshal Ferdinand,
280,
297
Fogliano,
347
Fokó,
143-144
Fortifications, role of,
44
Fourth
Isonzó
campaign,
112-125
France: military activity,
108—109, 154,
222, 243-244, 289-290;
mobiliza¬
tion,
29;
occupation of,
16-17;
trench warfare,
43—44, 86;
Triple
Entente,
13
Franek,
Lt. Friedrich, 230-231, 332
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, assassina¬
tion of,
12, 31
Franz Joseph, Emperor: attempted as¬
sassination of,
8;
death of,
192;
hunting box of,
169;
manifesto to
troops,
47;
nonintervention negotia¬
tions,
19;
popularity of,
26;
Prague
28th Regiment,
82;
preventive war,
30-31
Frederick the Great, King of Prussia,
27
French Army,
86
Friedrich,
Field Marshal Archduke,
100
Friulian plain,
xi, 41, 257-258, 293,
304,310
Frugoni,
Gen.
Pietro:
First campaign,
44, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 57;
Sec¬
ond campaign,
63;
Third campaign,
93, 98;
Fourth campaign,
110;
Fifth
campaign,
139
Futurists,
17
Gagliani,
Maj. Gen.
Francesco,
158-159
Galicia,
19, 23, 25, 32-33, 43, 45, 86,
108, 137, 200
Gallipoli,
86
Garibaldi, Peppino,
17
Garoni,
Lt. Gen., 204
Gatti,
Antonio,
258
Gelb, Lt. Gen.
Karl,
68-69
German Army: Fifth Army,
138;
Elev¬
enth Army,
45;
Fourteenth Army,
245-246, 249-250, 253-254, 258,
263;
Aisne-Marne
offensive,
289-290;
Amiens offensive,
290,
292;
defensive doctrine,
292;
mili¬
tary activity,
138, 219, 222, 297;
Prussian
Jäger
Division,
246;
return
from Twelfth campaign,
263;
Rommel Detachment,
255-256;
Index
399
Sturmtruppen,
I ll,
249, 253, 260;
World War II,
331-332;
Wurttenberg
Mountain battalion,
255
German nationalism, in
Habsburg
Em¬
pire,
293-294
German Workers Party,
293
Germany: early stages of war,
16-17;
Sarajevo crisis,
12-13;
Triple Alli¬
ance,
8—9;
war strategy policy,
137-138
Giolitti, Giovanni,
11, 20, 319
Giordano, Gen. Carlo, Sixth campaign,
156
Gonzaga,
Lt. Gen.
Maurizio,
209-210,
211,343
Gorizia
(Austrian Littoral),
xi, 4, 5;
First
campaign,
47, 53-54, 55, 56,
58-59;
Second campaign,
63, 66-67,
69, 72, 75;
Third campaign,
90, 93,
97, 99, 101, 102;
Fourth campaign,
110, 113, 115, 117, 119, 122;
Fifth
campaign,
139, 140, 143;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
154-155, 159, 161-163,
166-168, 170-171;
Eighth cam¬
paign,
184;
Ninth campaign,
188,
189;
Tenth campaign,
201, 213,
215-216;
Twelfth campaign,
249-250, 257;
civilian population,
105-106;
memoriał
ceremony,
347;
pre-war ethnic composition,
5-6;
re¬
construction of,
323;
Victory offen¬
sive,
310
Gorizia Group,
164, 165-166, 167, 168,
170
Gorlice-Tarnów
offensive,
45
Grand
Armee, 94
Green cadres,
274
Green flames,
209, 221
Gregorčič,
Simon,
56
Greppi,
Giovanni,
341, 346
Grillparzer, Franz,
308
Haas,
Maj. Gen.
Karl,
225-226
Haig, Field Marshal Sir Douglas,
109,
138, 197-199, 243, 290, 296
Hand grenades: Italian shortage of,
42;
role of,
44, 96, 113, 125;
supply of,
92
Haus,
Admiral Anton,
37
Hausregiment, 191.
See also Austrian
Army, 28th Regiment
Hausser,
Maj.
Karl,
206
Heim, Lt.
Géza,
143-144, 328
Heimkehrer, 272, 274
Heimwehr
(Home Guard), Austria,
325
Hemingway,
Ernest,
xiii, 279-280,
323-324
Hermada, 243
Hindenburg,
Field Marshal Paul
von,
187, 190, 234, 245
Hitler, Adolf:
Anschluss,
325-327;
as¬
sassination attempt on,
331
Hoch- und Deutschmeister Regiment,
101. See also
Austrian Army, 4th In¬
fantry Regiment
Holy infantry,
183
Holy Mountain,
206, 236, 237
Hoover, Herbert,
328
Horthy,
Rear
Adm.
Nicholas
von
Nagybánya,
304, 328
Howitzers,
30, 92
Hungarian Army:
Ausgleich, 27;
Honvéd
Divisions,
27, 28-29, 273;
mobilization,
30
Hungarian Kingdom,
328;
army of,
328
Hungary: communist government in,
327-328;
independence of,
298-299;
Magyar elites,
24-25;
post-war settlement,
327
//
Duce,
320, 321, 326, 329, 330, 331
II mio Carso,
123
II Popolo d Italia,
18, 193, 278
Imperial and Royal Army. See Austrian
Army
Infantry division: Austrian composition,
29—30;
Italian composition,
42
Inferno, The,
236, 241
Interventionists, Italian,
17, 18, 19-20
Iron Corps,
87, 95, 145, 220.
See also
Austrian Army, HI Corps
400
Index
Iron General,
209, 343
Iron grenade,
344
Isonzó
campaigns: Fascist Italy s use
of,
xii, 322-323;
significance of,
xii,
xiii
Isonzó
line, Austrian defensive forces,
37
Isonzó
river, course of,
xi, 3—5
Isonzó
valley,
36;
First
Isonzó
cam¬
paign,
47;
Cold War,
336;
current
boundaries,
354;
House of Haps-
burg,
3;
Italo-
Yugoslav war,
330;
Nazi annexation of,
333;
partisan
warfare in,
333—334;
political role,
xi—xii;
rebuilding of,
335;
Yugoslav
invasion of,
336—337
Istria
(Austrian Littoral),
4;
Italy navy
plan,
174;
pre-war ethnic composi¬
tion,
5
Italia irredenta,
8-9, 16, 20, 21, 41, 48,
64, 81, 89, 108, 122, 124, 153, 264,
277, 291, 310, 311, 315, 344
Italian Army: air attacks by,
94, 175,
224;
battalions,
41—42;
divisions,
41;
Carinthian Group,
78, 79;
fascism
in,
319—320;
Finance Guards,
41—42;
intelligence service,
146,
155, 252;
medical corps,
52, 132;
morale,
52-53, 59, 61, 81, 103, 117,
125, 133, 142, 154, 156, 199, 216,
217, 218, 220, 223, 243, 254, 287;
morale building,
276;
political in¬
doctrination,
276-277;
pre-war,
11—12, 13, 14—15;
preparation for
war,
16, 41—42;
rebuilding of,
275-276;
regiments,
11, 77, 89;
rep¬
utation of,
xiii, 9;
rest and relax¬
ation,
85;
World War II,
330
Italian Armies:
First Army,
16, 146, 147, 263
Second Army,
16, 37, 41, 44;
First
campaign,
48, 50, 53, 55-59;
Second campaign,
63-64, 67,
71-72;
Third campaign,
93-94,
97-99, 101-102;
Fourth cam¬
paign,
110-112, 115, 117, 120;
Fifth campaign,
139-140;
Sixth
campaign,
154, 167-169, 171;
Seventh campaign,
174-175, 178;
Eighth campaign,
181, 183;
Ninth
campaign,
187, 188;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
198;
Eleventh campaign,
223-225, 227, 229-230, 233,
235, 241;
Twelfth campaign,
244,
250-251, 254-258, 260
Third Army,
16, 37, 41, 44;
First
campaign,
53-59;
Second cam¬
paign,
63-64, 67-69, 71, 73-74;
Third campaign,
93-97, 99-103;
Fourth
campaign,
111-112, 114-117,
119-122;
Fifth campaign,
139-140,
143;
Sixth campaign,
151, 153, 154,
161, 163, 165-170, 171;
Seventh
campaign,
174-177, 180-181;
Eighth campaign,
181—186;
Ninth
campaign,
187—191;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
198, 201-202, 207, 211-215,
218;
Eleventh campaign,
223-224,
227, 229, 240, 242;
Twelfth cam¬
paign,
244, 250, 257-258, 263;
Peace offensive,
284;
Victory cam¬
paign,
310
Fourth Army,
16
Fifth Army,
149, 154
Tenth Army,
300
Army of Gorizia,
201, 202, 204,
206-209,211,213,215
Assault Army Corps,
298
Italian Army Battalions:
1st
Assault battalion,
221, 223, 227,
240
2nd
battalion,
52
Alpini
battalions: First campaign,
41,
44, 48, 49-50, 53-54, 57;
Second
campaign,
73, 76, 79;
Third cam¬
paign,
88, 94;
Fourth campaign,
118, 135;
Tenth campaign,
204,
208, 209;
Eleventh campaign,
223;
South Tyrol offensive,
146,
147
Bassano battalions,
142
Index
401
Bersaglieri
battalions: First cam¬
paign,
53—54;
Second campaign,
74;
Third campaign,
88, 94;
Fourth campaign,
118;
Seventh
campaign,
177;
Ninth campaign,
193;
Tenth campaign,
204, 208;
Eleventh campaign,
236;
South
Tyrol offensive,
147
Bes
battalion,
79
Carabinieri
battalions,
41-42
Ceva
Alpini
battalion,
179-180
Exilies
battalions,
49, 135
Levanna battalion,
209
Monte
Baldo Alpini
battalion,
279
Pieve di
Teco
battalion,
135
Saluzzo
battalion,
142
Susa
battalions,
49
Val d Ellero
battalion,
79
Italian Army Brigades:
Alpini
Brigades,
76, 77, 87, 98, 103,
178
Aosta
Brigade,
88, 315
Avellino Brigade,
205, 206, 227
Bari
Brigade,
125
Berletta Brigade,
212
Bersaglieri
Brigade,
103, 188,210,
212,226
Brescia Brigade,
161
Campobasso Brigade,
206
Casale
Brigade,
58
Catanzaro Brigade,
161, 220
Elba Brigade,
210
Emilia Brigade,
216
Fen
-ага
Brigade,
161
Florence Brigade,
205, 227
Foggia
Brigade,
241
Forli Brigade,
51, 52, 227, 232
Girgenti Brigade,
209, 227, 241
Grenadier Brigade,
99, 102, 103,
113, 115, 116, 177,212,344
Livorno
Brigade,
98, 116
Marche
Brigade,
102
Modena
Brigade,
48
Novara
Brigade,
116, 119
Palermo Brigade,
236
Pavia Brigade,
98
Ravenna Brigade,
51, 199
Re Brigade,
58
Regina
Brigade,
153
Salerno Brigade,
48^*9, 156, 256
Sassari Brigade,
103, 305
Spezia
Brigade,
52
Teramo Brigade,
209
Tuscany Brigade,
158-159, 305
Udine
Brigade,
205, 227
Italian Army Corps:
II Corps
(Plava
Corps): First cam¬
paign,
50, 52-53, 56;
Second
campaign,
63-64, 71;
Third cam¬
paign,
93, 98, 101-102;
Fourth
campaign,
110, 113;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
164-166, 169;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
204, 207-21
1,
215;
Twelfth campaign,
254
IV Corps: First campaign,
48, 50,
53, 57;
Second campaign,
63-64,
72-73, 76-78;
Third campaign,
87-89, 93-94, 98-99;
Fourth
campaign,
110, 118;
Fifth cam¬
paign,
140;
Seventh campaign,
178-180;
Twelfth campaign,
248,
253-254, 260
VI Corps: First campaign
53, 56, 58;
Second campaign,
63—64, 71—72;
Third campaign,
97-98, 102;
Fourth campaign,
111,113,
115-116, 118-119, 137;
Fifth
campaign,
140, 142;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
154-155, 159-160,
162-164, 168-170;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
206-207;
Eleventh cam¬
paign,
227
VII
Corps: Second campaign,
63,
71, 74;
Third campaign
93;
Fourth campaign,
110, 118;
Sixth
campaign,
157;
Eighth campaign,
181;
Tenth campaign,
206, 207,
216-217
VIII
Corps: Third campaign,
94;
Fifth campaign
140;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
164;
Seventh campaign,
176;
Eighth campaign,
181;
402
Index
Ninth campaign,
188;
Eleventh
campaign,
227
X Corps,
53, 57-59, 63, 69, 74
XI Corps: First campaign,
54, 57;
Second campaign,
63, 68-69, 74;
Fourth campaign,
114, 116-117,
120-121;
Fifth campaign,
140,
143;
Sixth campaign,
152, 153,
154, 160, 163-164, 168, 169;
Seventh campaign,
175—177,
180;
Eighth campaign,
181, 184;
Ninth campaign,
188-190;
Vic¬
tory campaign,
300
XII
Corps,
177
XIII
Corps: Second campaign,
73;
Fourth campaign,
120;
Fifth cam¬
paign,
140;
Sixth campaign,
169;
Seventh campaign,
176, 180;
Eighth campaign,
181;
Ninth
campaign,
190;
Tenth campaign,
213
XIV
Corps,
54, 70, 71, 95, 100,
232-233
ΧΧΙΠ
Corps,
228
XXIV
Corps,
225, 229, 232-233
XXV
Corps,
231
XXVI
Corps,
167, 169
XXVII
Corps,
229
Italian Army Divisions:
3rd
Division,
71, 169, 205, 207;
First campaign,
50, 51;
Eleventh
campaign,
227
4th Division,
53, 72, 98, 99, 112,
115
7th Division,
57, 72, 76-77, 88, 141
8th Division: First campaign,
48^9,
57;
Second campaign,
72, 73,
77-78;
Fourth campaign,
118;
Eleventh campaign,
227, 235,
237, 238;
Twelfth campaign,
257
10th Division,
209
1
1th Division: First campaign,
53;
Second campaign,
72;
Third
campaign,
98, 99, 102;
Fourth
campaign,
112, 113, 136;
Fifth
campaign,
142;
Sixth campaign,
159-160;
Eleventh campaign,
237, 241
12th Division: First campaign
53;
Second campaign,
72;
Third cam¬
paign,
98, 99-100, 102;
Fourth
campaign,
112, 113, 116, 118,
122;
Sixth campaign,
159, 163
16th Division,
95, 176, 184, 185,
193,212
19th Division,
176, 177, 227, 254
20th Division,
68
21st Division,
57, 120, 140,
152-153, 164
22nd Division: Fourth campaign
120-122, 152-153,161-162;
Fifth campaign,
143-144;
Sixth
campaign,
152-153, 161-162;
Seventh campaign,
175—176;
Eleventh campaign,
226—227
23rd Division,
168, 175
24th Division,
141-142, 159,
168-169
27th Division,
73-74, 136-137
29th Division,
58, 72, 97, 114, 122
30th Division,
71
31st Division,
176, 177
32nd Division,
94-95, 98, 101, 102,
114, 118, 119
33rd Division,
52, 56, 71, 77, 113,
212
34th Division,
253-254
43rd Division,
167, 253
45th Division: Sixth campaign,
155-156, 158, 159, 166,
167-169;
Eighth Sixth campaign,
184, 186;
Ninth campaign,
188-190;
Tenth campaign,
212-214,216-217
47th Division,
208, 225, 226
48th Division,
167, 169
49th Division,
177
53rd Division,
207, 209, 210, 211
60th Division,
205-207, 225
Alpini
divisions, Tyrolean offensive,
220-221
Index
403
Bersaglieri
divisions,
41, 48, 72, 73,
76, 78, 88, 135
Italian
Army Regiments:
1st
Bersaglieri
Regiment,
210
4th
Bersaglieri
Regiment,
255
10th Infantry Regiment,
153
1
lth
Bersaglieri
Regiment,
89, 133
12th
Bersaglieri
Regiment, 48^t9
21st
Bersaglieri
Regiment,
205
34th Regiment,
116
35th Regiment,
53
37th Regiment,
51
38th Regiment,
51
43rd Regiment,
52
55th Regiment,
102
56th Regiment,
102
58th Regiment,
158
67th Regiment,
236
68th Regiment,
236
70th Infantry Regiment,
112
78th Regiment,
158
1
15th Regiment,
158
127th Regiment,
99
128th Regiment,
153
132nd Regiment,
153
148th Regiment,
117, 125
231st Regiment,
205-206
232nd Regiment,
205-206
241st Regiment,
209-210
247th Regiment,
209
Alpini
Regiments,
253
Italian casualties: First offensive,
48-50, 51, 52, 53, 58, 59;
Second of¬
fensive,
71, 72, 73, 74, 80;
Third of¬
fensive
95;
Fourth offensive
115,
124-125, 135-137;
Fifth offensive,
141, 142;
Sixth offensive,
167, 171;
Seventh offensive,
179-180;
Eighth
campaign,
185, 186;
Ninth cam¬
paign,
191;
Tenth campaign,
208,
211, 218;
Eleventh campaign,
242;
Twelfth campaign,
263-264;
Great
War,
315-316;
Insonzo campaigns,
xii, 322;
South Tyrol offensive,
149;
Tyrolean offensive,
220—221
Italian diktat,
306
Italian Navy: campaigns,
174, 238, 239;
pre-war,
13, 16
Italian Social Republic,
331
ítalo-Yugos
lav war,
330
Italy: cost of war,
92-93, 315-316;
dec¬
laration of war,
21, 36, 41,
45^t6;
Fascist regime,
xii, xiii, 320-321,
329-330;
home front morale,
199,
219-220, 277;
mobilization,
15, 20,
36-37, 41—42;
neutrality policy,
13,
17—18;
pre-war economy,
10;
pre-war military,
9, 10-12, 13;
pre-war nationalism,
7-9, 18, 19—20;
Sarajevo crisis,
12—13;
Triple Alli¬
ance,
8-9, 12, 13, 45
Ivančic,
Ivo,
340
Ivančic,
Vera,
340
Jamiano,
216
Janowitz, Lt. Franz,
256-257, 340
Javorček,
246, 340
Jellačić, Josip,
307
Joffre, Gen.
Joseph, 86, 87, 108-109,
138-139, 197-199
Joseph,
Archduke: Second campaign,
66-67, 69, 71;
Fourth campaign,
114, 120;
Sixth campaign,
152, 161,
164;
Seventh campaign,
174;
Eighth
campaign,
182, 184, 188-189,
191-192;
post-war,
328, 335
Julian Alps,
xi, 5;
First campaign,
42,
48, 57;
Second campaign,
72, 73,
76, 77, 78;
Fourth campaign,
117;
Twelfth campaign,
248, 256
Junovicz,
Maj.,
142—143
Kaiserjäger,
Third campaign,
88
Kaiserlich - und-königliche
(к. и. к)
Armee. See
Austrian Army
Kaiserschützen, 256.
See also Austrian
Army,
2nd
Imperial Tyrolean Rifles
Kapetanović,
Cor. Rustan,
239
Karfreit (Austrian Littoral),
5;
First
campaign,
44, 48;
Twelfth cam¬
paign,
246-247, 249, 253-254,
260-261
404
Index
Karl,
Habsburg
Emperor,
192, 145; 200,
210, 224, 233, 260, 271, 274;
end of
the dynasty,
305, 306, 307;
Hungar¬
ian Kingdom,
328;
Imperial Mani¬
festo,
298;
peace initiative,
281, 298;
Peace offensive,
281, 286;
and
Wil¬
helm
II,
245, 281
Károly, Mihály,
304
Karpathenwinter,
34, 35
Katzeimacher,
111
Kaverne, 64, 90, 120, 159, 175, 230,
231,343
Kerensky, Alexander,
222
Kleiner
Rombon,
178, 179
Klestil,
Thomas,
347
Kobarid Museum,
341
Kobarid
340-341.
See also Karfreit
Kofranek,
Ladislav,
340
Kolin,
battle of,
27
Kolovrat
ridge,
255
Körner,
Col.
Theodor, 304, 336
Kostanjevica,
212, 345
Kostanjevica line,
189, 190
Kraus, Karl, 257
Krauss, Lt. Gen. Alfred,
66, 90, 145;
Twelfth campaign,
246-249, 253,
263;
Anschluss supporter,
326—327
Kritek, Gen. Karl,
182
Krn: First campaign,
48, 49—50;
Twelfth campaign,
246, 250-251,
254
Kuchynka, Lt.
Col. Leo,
178-180
Kuk,
204, 207-209, 211, 343
Kun,
Bela,
328-329
Language, Austrian Army,
28
Laxa,
Col. Vladimir,
236-239;
Ustaša
regime,
333—334
Le Beau, Lt. Gen. Aurel,
234
Lei pi
z,
battle of,
27
Lenin, V. I.,
222
Libyan war,
9, 14, 18, 30, 322
Linder,
Béla,
304
Lion of the
Isonzó,
126, 325
Lions of Podgora,
125, 160, 309
Lissa,
battle of,
9
Littoral: anti-Slav campaign,
320;
post-war settlement,
316—317;
Third
Reich annexation of,
333
Livenza River,
302, 303
Ljubljana,
15, 16, 41, 47, 309-310
Lloyd George, David,
198, 244
Log pod Mangartom,
339—340
Loga,
208, 226, 235
Lokvica:
Sixth campaign,
168, 169,
170;
Eighth campaign,
184;
Ninth
campaign,
188
London, Treaty of,
20, 45, 51-52, 316
Ludendorff, Erich,
274, 280, 281,
289-290, 292, 297
Luico,
255
Lukas, Gen. von, 224, 232
Machine guns, Austrian,
44, 48, 51—52,
56-57, 72-74, 79, 95, 97-98, 100,
118, 120-121, 176, 179, 188, 209,
302;
Austrian shortage,
43, 54;
Ital¬
ian,
92;
Italian shortage,
42
Magyars, in Austro-Hungarian empire,
24-26
Malaria epidemics,
271, 295
Manpower: Austrian shortage of,
200,
224, 269-270, 294-295;
German
shortage of,
289;
Italian shortage of,
277-278
March on Rome,
320
Marne:
first battle of,
17, 19, 280;
sec¬
ond battle of,
289-290
Masaryk, Tomáš,
291
Materielschlacht,
90, 91, 101, 104, 125,
218
Maurice,
Maj. Gen.
Frederick,
244
Mauthausen concentration camp,
332
Medeazza,
213
Meergans
,
Maj
.,216-217
Meuse-Argonne
offensive,
296
Military border,
46
Mining parties,
143
Ministry of Pensions and Army Wel¬
fare,
276
Miramare Castle,
4, 322
Monte Nero, capture of,
49-50
Index
405
Monte San Michele.
See Mt.
San
Michele
Montuori,
Gen., 112, 115, 254
Mortars, role of,
44, 90-92, 98, 125,
155, 212, 223, 228, 229, 249, 302
Mrzli
ridge: First campaign,
48-50;
Second campaign,
72, 78;
Fourth
campaign, 111; Fifth campaign,
140;
Twelfth campaign,
250-251;
war
memorials,
341
Mrzli vrh
(cold peak): First campaign,
48, 49, 50, 57;
Second campaign,
72,
73, 77;
Eleventh campaign,
225
Mt. Batognica,
50
Mt.
Čukla,
79, 135, 141-142, 179, 180,
340
Mt. Hermada,
230, 239
Mt.
Javorček,
88, 94, 117-118
Mt. Km (Austrian Littoral),
5, 37;
First
campaign,
44, 57, 59;
Second cam¬
paign,
73, 77
Mt. Matajur,
255-256, 341
Mt.
Ortigara,
Tyrolean offensive,
220
Mt. Rombon (Austrian Littoral),
5;
Sec¬
ond campaign,
78, 79;
Third cam¬
paign,
88;
Fourth campaign,
118,
135;
Fifth campaign,
141;
Seventh
campaign,
177-179;
war memorials,
340
Mt.
Sabotino
(Austrian Littoral),
5, 98,
112, 158;
First campaign,
50, 53, 55,
57, 59;
Second campaign,
71, 72;
Third campaign,
93, 97, 98, 99, 101,
102;
Fourth campaign,
115, 120;
Sixth campaign,
155, 157, 158, 159,
160, 163, 171;
war memorials,
343-344
Mt.
San Daniele,
204
Mt.
San Gabriele:
Sixth campaign,
163,
167-168, 170;
Eighth campaign,
182;
Tenth campaign,
204, 206-207,
209, 211;
Eleventh campaign,
223,
227, 235-237, 239-242;
Twelfth
campaign,
243, 250-251, 253-254;
war memorials,
343
Mt.
San Michele:
First campaign,
54,
57;
Second campaign,
63, 67—71,
74;
Third campaign,
93, 95, 96, 97,
100, 102;
Fourth campaign,
110-112, 114-117, 120-122;
Fifth
campaign,
139, 140, 143;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
152-154, 160-161, 163-164,
165, 171;
war memorials,
344, 345
Mt. Santo (Austrian Littoral),
5;
First
campaign,
50, 53, 55;
Second cam¬
paign,
63, 67, 74, 79;
Third cam¬
paign,
101;
Ninth campaign,
188;
Tenth campaign,
204, 206-207,
209-211, 213, 215, 218;
Eleventh
campaign,
223, 227, 232, 235,
237-238;
Twelfth campaign,
250-251;
post-war Littoral,
323, 335
Mt.
Sei Busi:
Third campaign,
95, 100;
Fourth campaign,
120;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
151, 152, 165;
war memori¬
als,
346
Mt. Sleme,
77
Mt. Tomatico,
263
Mt.
Vršič:
Second campaign,
78;
Third
campaign,
88, 94;
Fourth campaign,
117-118
Mussolini,
Benito:
and Anschluss,
326-327;
anti-Semitic laws,
333;
on
army morale,
133;
Christmas
1916,
193;
Fascist movement,
318-320;
injury of,
200—201;
interventionist
campaign,
18, 20, 21;
Italian Social
Republic,
331;
martial policies,
329-330;
nationalism of,
278;
over¬
throw of,
331;
promotion of,
107-108;
relationship with military,
321;
Second campaign,
88-89;
Third campaign,
94, 103;
typhus ep¬
idemic,
107;
World War II,
330
Mutilated victory,
317, 318
Mutinies: Austrian Army,
272-273,
299-300;
Austrian Navy,
271-272;
Italian Army,
117, 125, 156, 199,
214, 220;
Russian Army,
222
Nad
logem,
168, 175, 176-177
406
Index
Nation-building, Italian Army,
10-12
National Veterans Organization,
276
New Gorizia,
335
Ninth Battle of the
Isonzó,
187-190
Ninth
Isonzó
campaign,
187-191
Nivelle,
Gen. Robert,
199, 222, 242,
243-244, 289
Nova
Gorica,
335, 336-337, 343, 344
Nova
Vas,
175, 177, 180, 184, 186
Novak,
Maj.
Gen. Guido von Arienti:
First campaign,
50-51, 52, 53;
Third
campaign,
101, 102;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
204-206
Oberdan,
Guglielmo,
8
Officer corps: Austrian Army,
28, 34;
Italian Army,
11-12, 15, 16, 181
On the Earth,
257
Opacchiasella,
169, 170, 175-177, 180,
184, 345
Orlando,
Vittorio,
150, 264, 277;
post-war settlement,
316—317
Oslávia:
First campaign,
55, 58;
Third
campaign,
97, 98, 99, 102;
Fourth
campaign,
111-113, 115, 116,
118-119, 122, 136-137;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
155, 157, 159, 162;
Italian
war dead,
322, 344
Ottoman Empire,
297
Padua, South Tyrol offensive,
145-146
Palitsyn,
Gen., 197
Papadopoli Island: defensive line,
293,
294, 299;
Victory offensive,
300-302
Paradotto,
Giovanni,
52
Pariotic instruction,
274
Passchendaele offensive,
243—244
Pavelic, Ante,
333-334
Peace Offensive,
280-289
Pecorini,
Maj. Albelardo,
158, 174
Pershing, Gen. John J.,
279, 289, 296
Peschiera
conference,
261
Pétain, Gen.
Philippe,
222
Piacentini,
Lt. Gen.
Settimo,
168, 178
Piave line:
Austrian Army,
274,
282-283, 286, 293, 294, 295;
Italian
Army,
275-276, 279-280, 281, 286,
287;
Peace offensive,
284-286;
Vic¬
tory offensive,
300, 302
Piave River,
259-264
Picco,
Lt.
Alberto,
49
Piglione, Lt.
Col. Luigi,
142
Piłsudski, Józef,
329
Pirano, Austrian Littoral,
4
Pitreich,
Maj Gen.
Anton,
90, 176, 185,
234
Plava
(Austrian Littoral),
5;
First cam¬
paign,
50, 52, 53, 55, 56;
Second
campaign,
64;
Third campaign,
93,
94, 97, 101;
Fourth campaign,
110-114, 118;
Sixth campaign,
165,
166,
169;Tenth campaign,
204, 207,
211, 218;
Eleventh campaign,
227;
war memorials,
343
Podgora hill (Austrian Littoral),
5;
First
campaign,
55, 57, 58, 72;
Second
campaign,
71;
Third campaign,
93,
97-99, 102;
Fourth campaign,
111-113, 115, 116, 118, 122;
Fifth
campaign,
140, 142;
Sixth cam¬
paign,
155, 157, 159, 160, 162
Poison gas: Sixth campaign,
152-153;
Twelfth campaign,
249, 252-253;
Western Front,
86, 152
Poland, treatment of veterans,
329
Popovici,
Maj.
Konstantin, 231, 329
Porro,
Lt. Gen., 129, 197, 198, 261
Potiorek, Gen. Oskar, 31-32, 33
Pour le Mérite,
255, 256
Predel
Pass,
339
Przemyśl,
32, 34, 35, 45
Puchalski, Maj. Gen
Stanislaus
von,
227-228, 229
Pugnali,
221
Putnik, Gen.
Radomír,
33-34
Raab,
Julius,
336
Radetzky,
Field Marshal Joseph,
7, 9,
305, 307
Rail transit,
31,44
Index
407
Randaccio,
Maj.
Giovanni, 214,
318-319
Rapallo
conference,
261, 280
Red flames,
226
Red Week,
12
Redipuglia; First campaign
57-59;
Sec¬
ond campaign,
63, 68;
Duke of
Aosta
burial,
322;
Italian war dead,
322,345-346
Redl,
Capt.
Emil,
259-260
Regimental languages,
28
Regio Esercito,
11
Reisoli,
Gen.
Gustavo,
50, 52
Reparto d assalto,
221, 227, 240. See
also Italian Army,
1st
Assault battal¬
ion
Reservists, Italy,
61-62, 89
Revisionists, Italy,
317-318
Rifles, role of,
48, 51, 52, 54
Rilke, Rainer
Maria,
6
Riots, in Italy,
219
Robertson, Field Marshal Sir William,
202
Rohr, Gen.
Franz,
35
Rolling bombs,
94
Roman Catholic Church, and
Habsburg
Empire,
26-27
Romania, treatment of veterans,
329
Romantic nationalism,
42-43
Rommel, Field Marshal
Erwin,
255-256, 331, 341
Roósz, Capt.
Peter,
190, 329
Russia: casualties,
33, 45;
East
Galicia
campaign,
147-149, 154, 197;
mili¬
tary activity,
17, 23, 32-33, 34-35,
86, 108, 137, 182, 222;
mobilization,
30;
Revolution,
222, 265, 318;
Third
Army,
45;
Triple Entente,
13
Ružčić, Maj.
Nikolaus, 70
Sacro egoismo
(sacred egotism),
19, 20,
317
Salandra, Antonio: and Mussolini,
107-108;
pre-war,
12, 13, 19, 20, 21;
resignation of,
149;
war strategy,
130
Salcano,
159-160, 162
San Grado di
Merna,
177
San Marco,
215-216
San Martino:
Fourth campaign,
120,
121:
Fifth campaign,
140, 143;
Sixth
campaign,
152
San Mauro,
158-159, 160, 163-165,
166-167
San Sabba
concentration camp,
333
Sarajevo crisis,
12—13
Sarfatti, Roberto,
279
Sasso
Rosso,
279
Scalfaro, Oscar,
347
Schariczer, Gen. George
von, 207
Schenk, Lt. Gen. Alfred:
Seventh cam¬
paign
174;
Eighth campaign,
182,
184, 185;
Tenth campaign,
212-213
Schlieffen Plan,
32
Schuschnigg,
Kurt von, 326
Schwarzenberg,
Maj. Gen.
Felix, Prince
zu, 247-248, 253-254, 259-260,
263, 341
Second Battle of the
Isonzó,
66—75
Second International Peace Conference,
29
Second
Isonzó
campaign,
61—80
Segre,
Gen. Roberto,
287
Self-determination,
290-291, 317
Selo,
213, 227-228
Selz,
71, 157
Serbia: military activity,
13, 17, 31-32,
33-34, 43;
mobilization,
30;
Sarajevo crisis,
12, 16, 280-281;
Second Army,
31
Seventh
Isonzó
campaign,
173—180
Siluramento,
62-63
Sixth
Isonzó
campaign,
151-171
Sixtus,
Prince of Parma,
281
Skorzeny,
Maj Otto,
331
Slataper, Scipio,
122-124, 344
Slav earth,
52
Slavophobia,
6, 7
Slavs, in Austro-Hungarian empire,
25—26;
in Austrian Littoral,
5—7
Slovenes, displacement of,
47
Snake Mountain,
98, 112, 158.
See
also Mt.
Sabotino
408
Index
Somme,
154, 197, 280
Sonnewend, Capt.
Gustav, 215-216,
327,336
Sonnino, Baron
Sidney,
18-19, 20, 150,
297
South
Tyrol: Austrian
offensive,
144-149;
post-war settlement,
316-317;
Third Reich annexation of,
333
Spanish Civil War,
329
Spanish riders,
64
Sprosser,
Maj.,
255—256
St. Germain, treaty of,
317
St.
Katarina,
166, 167-168, 170, 207
St.
Luzia,
57, 59, 76-77, 342
St. Mihiel, battle of,
296
Stanjel, war memorials,
345
Starvation offensive,
286
Stauffenbert, Col.
Claus von, 331
Steel helmets,
91, 92, 95, 187
Strafexpedition, 144
Strikes: in Austria-Hungary,
271, 272;
in Italy,
277
Sturmbatallion,
247
Sturmtruppen, 221, 249, 253, 301
Südbahn,
at Trieste,
3
Supreme War Council, Allied,
280
Sveta
Gora
monastery,
55-56, 323, 335,
343
Svevo,
Italo,
6-7, 311, 323, 333
Tagliamento River,
258-260;
Austrian
defensive strategy,
292, 294;
Victory
offensive,
302-305
Tanks, Austrian anti-tank doctrine,
292-293
Tenth
Isonzó
campaign, Austrian Army,
199-218
Ternová
plateau,
5, 233-234, 237
Terza Armata,
223, 263, 322, 346
Tezze,
302
Third
Isonzó
campaign,
87-105
Three Saints,
204
Thronfolgerkorps
(Heir Apparent s
Corps),
145.
See also Austrian
Army, XX Corps
Timavo River,
214
Tisza
de Boros-Jëno,
Count
István,
19
Tisza, István,
82
Tito,
Josef,
333-334, 335
Tolmein
(Austrian Littoral),
5, 341;
First
campaign,
48, 53-54, 57;
Third
campaign,
87-88, 90, 93, 94, 98;
Fourth campaign,
110—111, 118;
Fifth campaign,
139, 141;
Sixth
campaign,
157;
Eighth campaign,
182;
Eleventh campaign,
223, 227,
229;
Twelfth campaign,
246, 249,
250, 254;
post-war conditions,
323;
Yugoslav bombing of,
337
Torpedoing,
251
Toscanini,
Arturo,
237-238
Tre Santi;
204, 236
Trench warfare: Austrian conditions,
64-65, 134, 173, 181-182;
Italian
conditions,
106-107, 126, 130,
131-132, 175;
Western Front,
43^4, 86
Trentino:
Italian claims to,
8, 19;
offen¬
sive,
245
Trêves, Claudio,
220
Trianon, treaty of,
317
Trieste (Austrian Littoral),
3—4, 36;
First campaign,
44, 53;
Third cam¬
paign,
90;
Tenth campaign,
201;
Jewish genocide in,
333;
post-war
conditions,
323;
post-World War II,
334;
pre-war ethnic composition,
5,
6-7;
Victory offensive,
310-311
Triple Alliance
(1882), 8-9;
Sarajevo
crisis,
12;
Italian withdrawal from,
20, 37, 45
Triple Entente: initial stages of war,
16—17, 20;
Sarajevo crisis,
13
Trombi,
Maj. Gen.
Count
Ferruccio,
Fourth campaign,
116
Turati, Filippo,
277
Turin,
219
Turudja,
Maj. Stanko,
52
Twelfth
Isonzó
campaign,
246-265
Typhus epidemic,
107, 231
Tyrol,
8, 48
Index
409
Tyrolean
offensive, 220—221
Udine,
41,44, 108,218,221
Umberto
II, King of Italy,
334-335
United States: Commission of Relief,
328;
entry into war,
222-223,
279-280;
military activity,
296
Ustaša
regime,
333—334
Valjevo, battle of,
225
Velocizzare l Italia
(speed Italy up),
17
Venturi,
Gen. Giuseppe: Sixth cam¬
paign,
155, 158, 159, 166;
Eighth
campaign,
184, 186
Venturi, Ghino,
344
Verdun,
138, 154, 197
Vermegliano,
71, 157
Versailles, treaty of,
317
Vertojbica River,
189
Victory offensive,
300-310;
Italian
preparation,
292, 297-298
Vienna, battle of,
27
Villa
Giusti,
306
Vipacco River: First campaign,
55;
Third campaign,
100;
Fourth cam¬
paign,
120;
Seventh campaign,
175;
Eighth campaign,
181, 183-185;
Ninth campaign,
189;
Tenth cam¬
paign,
206, 207, 211;
Twelfth cam¬
paign,
250;
war memorials,
344
Vittorio
Emanuele
III, King of Italy:
death of,
334;
Italo-Austri
an war,
45,
57, 82, 83, 130, 233-234, 261, 297;
and Mussolini,
320;
pre-war,
13, 20
Vittorio Veneto,
303, 310
Vodice,
Tenth campaign,
204, 207-211,
213, 215, 218;
Eleventh campaign,
229, 232, 235;
war memorials,
343
Volčja
Draga,
345
Von
Bellow,
Otto,
245-246, 255
Von Fabini, Ludwig, 207, 208
Vrata,
48, 50, 72, 253
Vršič,
48, 50, 72, 78, 253, 340
Walk to Vienna,
37, 59, 61
Wanke, Lt. Theodor, 184-185, 329
War
winner,
108-109, 222
Weber, Gen., 303, 305, 306
Weeber,
Col.
Eduard, 96
White death,
135, 192-193
Wieronski, Capt.
Stanislaus,
213-214,
329
Wilhelm
II, Emperor of Germany,
245,
281,289
Wilson, Woodrow, 317
Windischgrätz, Alfred, 307
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 284-285
Wurm, Col.-Gen Wenzel von, 182, 274;
defensive
strategy,
292-293;
Peace
offensive, 282—286;
Victory
offen¬
sive, 302, 304
Yugoslav
National Council, 299, 304,
309
Yugoslavia: civil war,
336-337;
post-war settlement,
316—317;
rejec¬
tion of
Boroević,
324;
treatment of
veterans,
329
Yugoslavs,
291
Zagora,
205, 206;
Third campaign,
101-102;
Fourth campaign,
113;
Sixth campaign,
165, 166, 169
Zeidler,
Maj
Gen. Erwin:
First cam¬
paign,
55;
Second campaign,
72;
Third campaign,
102, 105;
Fourth
campaign,
113, 116, 119, 122, 126,
136-137;
Sixth campaign,
155, 157,
161, 166;
Seventh campaign,
174;
Ninth campaign,
187;
Eleventh cam¬
paign,
227;
background,
54-55;
death of,
332
Zona
sacra, war memorials,
343—344
Zupelli, Gen.
Vittorio,
16, 42, 92
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Schindler, John R. 1969- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)112625889X |
| author_facet | Schindler, John R. 1969- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Schindler, John R. 1969- |
| author_variant | j r s jr jrs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV013812922 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | D569 |
| callnumber-raw | D569.I69 |
| callnumber-search | D569.I69 |
| callnumber-sort | D 3569 I69 |
| callnumber-subject | D - General History |
| classification_rvk | NP 4410 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)44681903 (DE-599)BVBBV013812922 |
| dewey-full | 940.4/145 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940.4/145 |
| dewey-search | 940.4/145 |
| dewey-sort | 3940.4 3145 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV013812922 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:52:25Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0275972046 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009444210 |
| oclc_num | 44681903 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | XIV, 409 S. Ill., Kt. |
| psigel | BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publishDateSearch | 2001 |
| publishDateSort | 2001 |
| publisher | Praeger |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Schindler, John R. 1969- Verfasser (DE-588)112625889X aut Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War John R. Schindler 1. publ. Westport, Conn. [u.a.] Praeger 2001 XIV, 409 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier "This is the first account in English of a much-overlooked, but important, First World War battlefront located in the mountains astride the border between Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Not well known in the West, the battles of Isonzo were nevertheless ferocious, and compiled a record of bloodletting that totaled over 1.75 million for both sides. In sharp contrast to claims that neither the Italian nor the Austrian armies were viable fighting forces, Schindler aims to bring the terrible sacrifices endured by both armies back to their rightful place in the history of 20th-century Europe. The Habsburg Empire, he contends, lost the war for military and economic reasons rather than for political or ethnic ones."--BOOK JACKET. Isonzo, Battles of the, 1915-1917 Isonzoschlachten (DE-588)4114055-2 gnd rswk-swf Isonzoschlachten (DE-588)4114055-2 s DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009444210&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009444210&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Schindler, John R. 1969- Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War Isonzo, Battles of the, 1915-1917 Isonzoschlachten (DE-588)4114055-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4114055-2 |
| title | Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War |
| title_auth | Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War |
| title_exact_search | Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War |
| title_full | Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War John R. Schindler |
| title_fullStr | Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War John R. Schindler |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War John R. Schindler |
| title_short | Isonzo |
| title_sort | isonzo the forgotten sacrifice of the great war |
| title_sub | the forgotten sacrifice of the Great War |
| topic | Isonzo, Battles of the, 1915-1917 Isonzoschlachten (DE-588)4114055-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Isonzo, Battles of the, 1915-1917 Isonzoschlachten |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009444210&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009444210&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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