Family law:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Harlow [u.a.]
Longman
2001
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Longman law series
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | LII, 619 S. |
| ISBN: | 058238172X |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1805079713082769408 |
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CONTENTS
TABLE OF CASES XVII
TABLE OF STATUTES XLII
TABLE OF STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS LII
1 WHAT IS FAMILY LAW? 1
1. SEEKING A DEFINITION OF THE FAMILY 1
A. THE PERSON IN THE STREET'S DEFINITION 2
B. A FORMALISTIC DEFINITION 2
C. A FUNCTION-BASED DEFINITION 3
D. AN IDEALISED DEFINITION 3
E. A SELF-DEFINITION APPROACH 4
F. DO WE GIVE UP? 4
G. DISCUSSION OF HOW THE LAW DEFINES FAMILIES 5
H. NEW FAMILIES? 6
2. SHOULD FAMILY LIFE BE ENCOURAGED? 7
A. ARGUMENTS IN FAVOUR OF FAMILY LIFE 7
B. ARGUMENTS AGAINST FAMILIES 8
C. PROPOSING NEW VISIONS FOR FAMILIES 9
3. APPROACHES TO FAMILY LAW 9
A. WHAT IS FAMILY LAW? 9
B. HOW TO EXAMINE FAMILY LAW 10
4. CURRENT ISSUES IN FAMILY LAW 17
A. HOW THE STATE INTERACTS WITH FAMILIES 17
B. PRIVATISATION OF FAMILY LAW 18
C. THE DECLINE IN'MORAL JUDGEMENTS' 20
D. SENDING MESSAGES THROUGH THE LAW 21
E. LEGAL AID AND COSTS 22
F. FAMILIES IN CRISIS 22
G. SOLICITORS AND FAMILY LAW 23
H. NON-LEGAL RESPONSES TO FAMILY LAW 23
I. RIGHTS AND CONSEQUENTIALISM 23
J. RULES OR DISCRETION 24
K. PARTNERSHIP 25
L. MULTICULTURALISM 25
5. THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND FAMILY LAW 27
6. CONCLUSION 27
2 MARRIAGE AND COHABITATION 29
1. INTRODUCTION 29
2. STATISTICS ON MARRIAGE 30
3. WHAT IS MARRIAGE? 30
CONTENTS
A. THE MEANING OF MARRIAGE 30
B. THE LEGAL DEFINITION OF MARRIAGE 32
4. MARRIAGE AS A STATUS OR CONTRACT 33
5. THE PRESUMPTION OF MARRIAGE 34
6. NON-MARRIAGES, VOID MARRIAGES AND VOIDABLE MARRIAGES 34
A. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIVORCE AND NULLITY 35
B. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A VOID MARRIAGE AND A CEREMONY
OF NO LEGAL SIGNIFICANCE 35
C. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A VOID AND VOIDABLE MARRIAGE 36
D. THE GROUNDS ON WHICH A MARRIAGE IS VOID 37
E. GROUNDS ON WHICH A MARRIAGE IS VOIDABLE 46
F. BARS TO RELIEF IN VOIDABLE MARRIAGES 53
G. EFFECTS OF A DECREE OF NULLITY 55
H. REFORM OF NULLITY 56
7. UNMARRIED COHABITING COUPLES 56
8. COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE LEGAL POSITION OF MARRIED AND
UNMARRIED COUPLES 57
A. FORMALITIES AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF A RELATIONSHIP 58
B. FINANCIAL SUPPORT 58
C. CHILDREN 59
D. INHERITANCE AND SUCCESSION 59
E. CRIMINAL LAW 60
F. CONTRACT 61
G. TORT 61
H. EVIDENCE 62
I. MATRIMONIAL PROPERTY 62
J. MARITAL CONFIDENCES 62
K. TAXATION AND BENEFITS 63
L. CITIZENSHIP 63
M. STATUTORY SUCCESSION TO TENANCIES 63
N. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 63
O. FATAL ACCIDENT ACT 1976 64
P. THE DOCTRINE OF UNITY 64
Q. CONSORTIUM 64
9. ENGAGEMENTS 65
10. GAY AND LESBIAN RELATIONSHIPS 66
11. SHOULD THE LAW TREAT COHABITATION AND MARRIAGE IN
THE SAME WAY? 67
A. DOES THE STATE BENEFIT FROM COHABITATION TO THE
SAME EXTENT AS FROM MARRIAGE? 67
B. CHOICE 70
C. REFLECTING CURRENT ATTITUDES 71
D. SHOULD MARRIAGE BE DISCOURAGED? 71
12. WHAT IF THE STATE WERE TO ABOLISH LEGAL MARRIAGE? 72
13. CONCLUSION 73
VI
CONTENTS
3 DIVORCE AND MEDIATION 74
1. STATISTICS ON DIVORCE 74
2. CAUSES OF DIVORCE 75
3. REMARRIAGE 76
4. SOCIAL EXPLANATIONS FOR INCREASING DIVORCE 76
5. WHAT SHOULD BE THE AIMS OF DIVORCE LAW? 77
6. THE PRESENT LAW ON DIVORCE: MATRIMONIAL CAUSES ACT 1973 80
A. THE BACKGROUND TO THE MATRIMONIAL CAUSES ACT 1973 80
B. THE CURRENT LAW: THE MATRIMONIAL CAUSES ACT 1973 82
7. PROBLEMS WITH THE PRESENT LAW 88
A. 'IT IS CONFUSING AND MISLEADING' 88
B. 'IT IS DISCRIMINATORY AND UNJUST' 89
C. 'IT DISTORTS THE PARTIES'BARGAINING POSITIONS' 89
D. *IT PROVOKES UNNECESSARY HOSTILITY AND BITTERNESS' 90
E. 'IT DOES NOTHING TO SAVE THE MARRIAGE' 90
F. 'IT CAN MAKE THINGS WORSE FOR THE CHILDREN' 90
8. REFORMING THE DIVORCE LAW: THE FAILURE OF THE
FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 90
A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 91
B. A TIMETABLE FOR DIVORCE PROCEDURES UNDER THE
FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 91
C. THE INFORMATION MEETING 93
D. ENCOURAGEMENT OF RECONCILIATION 95
E. THE LENGTH OF THE PROCESS 95
F. COUNSELLING AND MEDIATION 96
G. DIVORCE ORDER TO BE GRANTED ONLY ONCE THE FINANCIAL ORDERS
AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR CHILDREN ARE MADE 96
H. PROTECTING CHILDREN'S INTERESTS DURING DIVORCE 96
I. 'QUICKIE DIVORCE' 97
J. IDEALISATION OF DIVORCE 97
9. SOME GENERAL ISSUES ON DIVORCE 98
A. INDIVIDUALISATION OF DIVORCE 98
B. NO-FAULT VERSUS FAULT-BASED DIVORCE 99
C. LENGTH OF TIME FOR THE DIVORCE PROCESS 101
D. RECONCILIATION AND DIVORCE 102
E. THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND DIVORCE 102
F. FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS TO BE MADE BEFORE DIVORCE 102
G. RELIGION AND DIVORCE 103
H. CHILDREN AND DIVORCE 104
10. PURSUING AN ACTION FOR INDUCING DIVORCE 104
11. SEPARATION ORDERS 104
12. DEATH AND MARRIAGE 105
13. MEDIATION 106
A. INTRODUCTION 106
B. WHAT IS MEDIATION? 106
C. THE ROLE OF THE MEDIATOR 108
VH
CONTENTS
D. THE BENEFITS OF MEDIATION 108
E. THE DISADVANTAGES OF MEDIATION 111
F. THE FALSE DICHOTOMY OF MEDIATION AND LITIGATION 114
14. CONCLUSION 114
4 FAMILY PROPERTY 116
1. THE REALITY OF FAMILY FINANCES 116
2. THE OWNERSHIP OF FAMILY PROPERTY: GENERAL THEORY 118
3. THE OWNERSHIP OF PERSONAL PROPERTY 120
A. JOINTLY USED BANK ACCOUNTS 120
B. HOUSEKEEPING AND MAINTENANCE ALLOWANCE 121
C. GIFTS FROM ONE PARTNER TO THE OTHER 121
D. GIFTS TO PARTNERS FROM THIRD PARTIES 122
E. IMPROVEMENTS TO PERSONAL PROPERTY 122
F. EXPRESS DECLARATIONS OF TRUST 122
G. CRITICISMS OF THE PRESENT LAW 122
4. MAINTENANCE DURING MARRIAGE 123
A. UNMARRIED COHABITANTS 123
B. MARRIED COUPLES 123
5. OWNERSHIP OF REAL PROPERTY: THE FAMILY HOME 125
A. LEGAL OWNERSHIP 126
B. EQUITABLE OWNERSHIP 126
C. IMPROVEMENTS TO THE HOME 134
D. CRITICISM OF THE PRESENT LAW 135
E. REFORM OF THE LAW 136
6. RIGHTS TO OCCUPY THE HOME 138
A. CONTRACTUAL LICENCES 138
B. MATRIMONIAL HOME RIGHTS 139
7. THE SALE OF A FAMILY HOME: ENFORCING TRUSTS 140
8. PROTECTION OF BENEFICIAL INTERESTS AGAINST PURCHASERS 141
9. PROTECTION OF FAMILY PROPERTY ON BANKRUPTCY 142
A. PROTECTING CREDITORS FROM FAMILY MEMBERS 143
B. PROTECTING THE FAMILIES FROM THE CREDITORS 145
10. SPOUSES, PARTNERS AND MORTGAGES 145
A. UNDUE INFLUENCE: BARCLAYS BANK V O'BRIEN 147
11. CONCLUSION 150
5 PROPERTY ON SEPARATION 151
1. CHILD SUPPORT: THEORETICAL ISSUES 151
A. DOES THE OBLIGATION TO SUPPORT CHILDREN FALL ON THE STATE
OR ON THE PARENTS? 152
B. ARE THE PARENTS'OBLIGATIONS INDEPENDENT OR JOINT? 153
C. BIOLOGICAL OR SOCIAL PARENTS? 153
D. WHAT LEVEL SHOULD THE SUPPORT BE? 154
E. 'THE LONE PARENT CRISIS' 155
F. CHILD SUPPORT AND PARENTAL SUPPORT 157
VIII
CONTENTS
2. FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF CHILDREN 157
A. FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF CHILDREN LIVING WITH BOTH PARENTS 157
B. THE CHILD SUPPORT ACT 1991 157
C. THE NEW SCHEME FOR CHILD SUPPORT: CHILD SUPPORT,
PENSIONS AND SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 2000 165
D. THE CHILDREN ACT 1989 AND CHILD SUPPORT 168
E. THE CHILDREN ACT 1989 AND CSA 1991 170
3. MATRIMONIAL CAUSES ACT 1973 AND CHILDREN 171
A. POWERS OF THE COURT ON DIVORCE 171
B. 'CHILD OF THE FAMILY
5
171
C. APPLICATIONS BY CHILDREN 172
D. FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT 172
4. FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR SPOUSES ON DIVORCE 172
A. THE ECONOMIC REALITIES OF DIVORCE 173
B. DIVORCE AND REDISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY 173
C. WHY SHOULD THERE BE ANY REDISTRIBUTION? 174
D. THE CASE FOR THE ABOLITION OF MAINTENANCE 178
E. CERTAINTY OR DISCRETION? 179
F. SOLICITORS AND NEGOTIATIONS 181
G. THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND MAINTENANCE 181
H. THE IMPORTANCE OF DISCO VERY 182
I. ORDERS THAT THE COURT CAN MAKE 182
J. CLEAN BREAK ORDERS 184
K. INTERIM ORDERS 188
L. FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING ORDERS 188
M. PARTICULAR ISSUES RELATING TO REDISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY
ON DIVORCE 197
5. CONSENT ORDERS 207
A. THE STATUS OF AGREEMENT BEFORE A COURT ORDER HAS
BEEN MADE 207
6. ENFORCEMENT OF FINANCIAL ORDERS 208
A. AVOIDING ENFORCEMENT PROBLEMS 208
B. ENFORCEMENT OF PERIODICAL PAYMENTS 208
C. ENFORCEMENT OF LUMP SUM ORDERS AND PROPERTY
ADJUSTMENT ORDERS 209
7. BANKRUPTCY AND ANCILLARY RELIEF 209
8. VARIATION OF, APPEALS AGAINST, AND SETTING ASIDE COURT ORDERS 211
A. VARIATION 211
B. SETTING ASIDE A CONSENT ORDER 213
C. APPEAL 214
9. DEFEATING CLAIMS: SECTION 37 MATRIMONIAL CAUSES ACT 1973 215
10. TRANSFER OF TENANCIES 215
A. WHO CAN APPLY? 215
B. WHICH TENANCIES CAN BE TRANSFERRED? 216
C. ORDERS THAT CAN BE MADE 216
D. FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT 216
IX
CONTENTS
11. REFORM OF THE LAW ON FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR SPOUSES 217
12. CONCLUSION 219
6 DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 220
1. INTRODUCTORY ISSUES 220
A. TERMINOLOGY OF TOPIC AND DEFINITIONS 220
B. THE INCIDENCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 221
C. CAUSES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 222
D. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 223
2. INJUNCTIONS AND ORDERS UNDER THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 225
A. THE NON-MOLESTATION ORDER 225
B. OCCUPATION ORDERS 230
C. EX PANE NON-MOLESTATION AND OCCUPATIONS ORDERS
UNDER THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 245
D. UNDERTAKINGS 246
E. POWERS OF ARREST 247
F. PUNISHMENT FOR BREACH OF AN ORDER 247
3. INJUNCTIONS UNDER THE PROTECTION FROM HARASSMENT ACT 1997
AND TORT 248
4. THE CHILDREN ACT 1989 AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 249
5. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND HOUSING LAW 249
A. THE DEFINITION OF'HOMELESS' 250
B. PRIORITY NEED 251
C. UNINTENTIONALLY HOMELESS 251
6. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND THE CRIMINAL LAW 252
A. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW 252
B. THE CRIMINAL LAW IN PRACTICE 254
C. REFORMING THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 256
7. STATE LIABILITY 258
8. WHY THE LAW FINDS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DIFFICULT 259
A. THE TRADITIONAL IMAGE OF THE FAMILY 259
B. PRIVACY 259
C. DIFFICULTIES OF PROOF 260
D. OCCUPATION OR PROTECTION 260
E. VICTIM AUTONOMY 260
F. THE LAW NOT APPROPRIATE 261
G. SOLICITORS 261
9. CONCLUSION 261
7 WHO IS A PARENT? 263
1. SOCIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL NOTIONS OF
PARENTHOOD 263
A. CHILD PSYCHOLOGISTS 263
B. SOCIOLOGISTS 264
C. BIOLOGICAL PERCEPTIONS 264
2. THE DIFFERENT MEANINGS OF BEING A PARENT IN LAW 265
CONTENTS
3. WHO IS THE CHILD'S MOTHER? 266
4. WHO IS THE CHILD'S FATHER? 267
A. LEGAL PRESUMPTIONS OF PATERNITY 267
B. REBUTTING THESE PRESUMPTIONS 268
C. FATHERS AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTION 269
D. DIY ASSISTED REPRODUCTION 272
E. FATHERLESS CHILDREN 272
F. PARENTAL ORDERS: SURROGACY 272
G. ADOPTION 274
5. LOSING PARENTHOOD 274
6. SOCIAL PARENTS 275
A. GUARDIANSHIP 275
B. FOSTER PARENTS 279
C. THOSE WHO TREAT A CHILD AS A CHILD OF THE FAMILY 280
D. STEP-PARENTS 282
E. OTHERS CARING FOR THE CHILD 285
7. RELATIVES 286
8. THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND THE RIGHT TO RESPECT
FOR FAMILY LIFE 288
A. WHAT IS FAMILY LIFE? 288
B. WHAT IS RESPECT? 289
C. WHEN CAN INFRINGEMENT BE JUSTIFIED? 290
9. WHO HAS PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY? 290
A. OUTLINE OF THE LAW 291
B. CONSIDERATION OF THE LAW IN MORE DETAIL 292
10* WHO SHOULD GET PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY? 297
A. UNMARRIED FATHERS 297
11. LOSING PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY 302
12. WIDER ISSUES OVER PARENTHOOD 303
A. WHAT IS THE BASIS FOR GRANTING PARENTHOOD? 303
B. IS THERE A RIGHT TO KNOW ONE'S GENETIC PARENTAGE? 307
C. IS THERE A RIGHT TO BE A PARENT? 314
D. 'ILLEGITIMACY' 321
E. LICENSING PARENTHOOD 322
13. CONCLUSION 322
8 PARENTS'AND CHILDREN'S RIGHTS 323
1. WHEN DOES CHILDHOOD BEGIN? 323
2. WHEN DOES CHILDHOOD END? 324
3. PARENTS' RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITIES AND DISCRETION 324
A. PARENTAL RIGHTS 325
B. ARE PARENTS* RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES LINKED? 325
C. WHY DO PARENTS HAVE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES? 326
4. PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY 329
A. WHAT IS PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY? 330
B. PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY IN PRACTICE 331
XI
CONTENTS
C. THE RIGHTS OF A PARENT WITHOUT RESPONSIBILITY 332
D. THE EXTENT OF PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY 333
5. SHARING PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY 333
A. ARE ALL PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITIES EQUAL? 335
B. IS THE LAW IN A SOUND STATE? 335
C. CO-PARENTING IN PRACTICE 338
6. THE WELFARE PRINCIPLE 338
A. WHAT DOES 'WELFARE' MEAN? 338
B. WHAT DOES 'PARAMOUNT' MEAN? 339
C. WHEN DOES THE WELFARE PRINCIPLE APPLY? 339
D. WHEN DOES THE WELFARE PRINCIPLE NOT APPLY? 340
E. WHAT IF THE CASE INVOLVES TWO CHILDREN - WHOSE
INTERESTS ARE PARAMOUNT? 341
F. CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN 343
7. THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND CHILDREN'S WELFARE
AND RIGHTS 346
A. BALANCING THE RIGHTS OF PARENTS AND CHILDREN
UNDER THE CONVENTION 347
B. IS THERE ANY PRACTICAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE APPROACHES
OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION AND THE CHILDREN
ACT 1989? 348
8. CRITICISMS OF THE WELFARE PRINCIPLE 349
9. ALTERNATIVES TO THE WELFARE PRINCIPLE 350
10. CHILDREN'S RIGHTS 353
A. SHOULD CHILDREN HAVE ALL THE RIGHTS ADULTS HAVE? 353
B. THE ARGUMENT AGAINST RIGHTS FOR CHILDREN 356
C. EXTRA RIGHTS FOR CHILDREN 357
D. IS THERE A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A WELFARE-BASED APPROACH
AND A RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH? 358
11. CHILDREN AND MEDICAL LAW 358
A. 16-AND 17-YEAR-OLDS 359
B. UNDER-16-YEAR-OLDS 360
C. COMMENTS ON THE LAW 366
12. CHILDREN IN COURT 367
A. CHILDREN BRINGING PROCEEDINGS IN THEIR OWN RIGHT 268
B. REPRESENTATION 370
13. CHILDREN AND EDUCATION 371
14. CHILDREN AND CRIMINAL LAW 374
15. CORPORAL PUNISHMENT 376
A. REFORMING THE LAW 377
16. CHILDREN AND CONTRACT LAW 379
A. PARENTS'LIABILITY UNDER CHILDREN'S CONTRACTS 380
17. CHILDREN AND THE LAW OF TORT 380
18. CHILDREN AND PROPERTY 381
19. CHILDREN'S DUTIES 381
20. CONCLUSION 382
XN
CONTENTS
9 COURT RESOLUTION OF PRIVATE DISPUTES
OVER CHILDREN 383
1. INTRODUCTION 383
2. SECTION 8 ORDERS 384
A. THE RESIDENCE ORDER 384
B. THE CONTACT ORDER 385
C. SPECIFIC ISSUE ORDERS AND PROHIBITED STEPS ORDERS 387
D. RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF SECTION 8 ORDERS 388
E. ATTACHING CONDITIONS 391
F. VARIATION, DISCHARGE AND APPEALS 393
3. WHO CAN APPLY FOR SECTION 8 ORDERS? 393
A. PERSONS WHO CAN APPLY WITHOUT LEAVE 394
B. PEOPLE WHO NEED THE LEAVE OF THE COURT 394
C. HOW THE COURT DECIDES WHETHER TO GRANT LEAVE 395
D. RESTRICTING SECTION 8 APPLICATIONS: SECTION 91 (14) 396
4. CHILDREN'S WELFARE ON DIVORCE AND RELATIONSHIP BREAKDOWN 397
5. HOW THE COURT DECIDES WHAT IS IN THE CHILD'S BEST INTERESTS:
THE CHECKLIST 399
A. HOW THE COURT OBTAINS INFORMATION ON THE CHILD'S WELFARE 399
B. CHILDREN AND THE FAMILY COURTS ADVISORY SERVICE 400
C. THE STATUTORY CHECKLIST 400
6. ISSUES OF CONTROVERSY IN APPLYING THE WELFARE PRINCIPLE 407
A. IS THERE A PRESUMPTION IN FAVOUR OF MOTHERS? 407
B. THE 'NATURAL PARENT PRESUMPTION' 408
C. IS THERE A PRESUMPTION THAT SIBLINGS SHOULD RESIDE TOGETHER? 410
D. RACIAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND 410
E. RELIGION 411
F. EMPLOYED PARENTS 413
G. SEXUAL ORIENTATION OF PARENTS 413
H. DISABLED PARENTS 414
I. POVERTY 415
J. THE 'IMMORAL* CONDUCT OF A PARENT 415
K. WHEN IS JOINT RESIDENCE APPROPRIATE? 416
L, PUBLICITY 417
M. NAMES 418
N. REMOVAL FROM THE UK 423
O. WHEN SHOULD THERE BE CONTACT BETWEEN A CHILD AND PARENT? 425
7. WARDSHIP AND THE INHERENT JURISDICTION 435
A. WARDSHIP 435
B. THE INHERENT JURISDICTION 438
8. CHILD ABDUCTION 440
A. GENERAL 440
B. CHILD ABDUCTION ACT 1984 441
C. PREVENTION OF ABDUCTION AND COURT ORDERS PREVENTING
REMOVAL 442
D. RECOVERY IN THE UK 443
XIII
CONTENTS
E. THE HAGUE CONVENTION 443
F. THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION 450
G. NEITHER CONVENTION APPLIES 451
9. CONCLUSION 452
10 CHILD PROTECTION 454
1. THE CHILDREN ACT 1989 AND CHILD PROTECTION 456
2. THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND CHILD PROTECTION 458
3. DENNING AND EXPLAINING ABUSE 459
A. EXPLANATIONS FOR ABUSE 460
4. PROTECTION OF CHILDREN BY THE CRIMINAL LAW 460
5. VOLUNTARY SERVICES PROVIDED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES 462
A. VOLUNTARY ACCOMMODATION 462
B. SERVICES FOR CHILDREN IN NEED 467
C. THE FAMILY ASSISTANCE ORDER 469
6. INVESTIGATIONS BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES 469
A. SECTION 47 INVESTIGATIONS 470
B. SECTION 37 DIRECTIONS 471
C. MULTI-AGENCY CO-OPERATION 472
D. CHILD ASSESSMENT ORDERS 472
7. COMPULSORY ORDERS: CARE ORDERS, SUPERVISION ORDERS AND
EMERGENCY PROTECTION ORDERS 474
A. WHO CAN APPLY? 474
B. WHO CAN BE TAKEN INTO CARE? 475
C. THE EFFECT OF A CARE ORDER 476
D. THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF THE SUPERVISION ORDER 476
E. CARE OR SUPERVISION ORDER? 476
F. GROUNDS FOR SUPERVISION AND CARE ORDERS 477
G. CARE PLANS 488
H. INTERIM CARE ORDERS 489
8. EMERGENCIES: POLICE PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY PROTECTION ORDERS 492
A. POLICE PROTECTION 492
B. THE EMERGENCY PROTECTION ORDER 493
9. LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND SECTION 8 ORDERS 496
10. THE PROBLEM OF OUSTING THE ABUSER 496
11. CONCLUSION 498
11 CHILDREN IN CARE 500
1. INTRODUCTION 500
2. HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 AND CHILDREN IN CARE 501
3. THE EFFECT OF A SUPERVISION ORDER 502
4. THE EFFECTS OF A CARE ORDER 503
A. DISTINGUISHING A CHILD IN CARE AND A CHILD VOLUNTARILY
ACCOMMODATED 503
B. THE LEGAL EFFECTS OF THE CARE ORDER 503
XIV
CONTENTS
5. QUESTIONING LOCAL AUTHORITY DECISIONS 514
A. AVOIDING DISPUTES 514
B. PROCEDURES TO CHALLENGE LOCAL AUTHORITY DECISIONS 514
6. THE POSITION OF LOCAL AUTHORITY FOSTER CARERS 520
7. DURATION OF CARE AND SUPERVISION ORDER 521
8. DUTIES TO CHILDREN LEAVING CARE 522
9. THE BALANCE OF POWER BETWEEN COURTS AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES 522
10. SECURE ACCOMMODATION ORDERS 525
11. ADOPTION 526
A. THE USE OF ADOPTION TODAY 526
B. IS ADOPTION IN CRISIS? 527
C. ADOPTION PROCEDURE 528
D. FREEING FOR ADOPTION 529
E. ADOPTION AND THE CRIMINAL LAW 531
F. ADOPTION AGENCIES 532
G. WHO MAY BE ADOPTED? 533
H. THE STATUTORY RESTRAINTS ON WHO MAY ADOPT 533
I. REMOVAL OF CHILDREN FROM PROSPECTIVE ADOPTERS 535
J. WELFARE AND ADOPTION 537
K. CONSENT 542
L. THE EFFECT OF ADOPTION 548
M. SETTING ASIDE AN ADOPTION ORDER 549
N. ADOPTION AND CONTACT 551
O. DISCOVERING IDENTITY 552
P. POST-ADOPTION SUPPORT 554
12. CONCLUSION 554
12 FAMILIES AND OLDER PEOPLE 556
1. INTRODUCTION 556
2. STATISTICS ON OLDER PEOPLE 557
A. NUMBER OF OLDER PEOPLE 557
B. ELDERLY PEOPLE AND THEIR FAMILIES 557
C. INCOME 558
3. DO CHILDREN HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO SUPPORT THEIR PARENTS? 558
A. MORAL OBLIGATIONS OR LEGAL OBLIGATIONS? 560
B. WHAT OBLIGATIONS DO PEOPLE ACTUALLY FEEL? 560
C. INTEGRATING FAMILY AND STATE CARE 561
D. CONCLUSION 562
4. FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR OLDER PEOPLE AND THEIR CARERS 562
5. INTER-GENERATIONAL JUSTICE 564
A. HEALTH CARE AND THE ELDERLY: HEALTH CARE RATIONING 565
6. INCAPABLE OLDER PEOPLE 567
A. DO OLDER PEOPLE HAVE RIGHTS? 567
B. WHEN DOES AN OLDER PERSON LOSE CAPACITY IN THE EYES
OF THE LAW? 568
XV
CONTENTS
C. INCAPACITY AND FINANCIAL MATTERS
D. REFORM
7. SUCCESSION AND INTESTACY
A. THEORY
B. THE LAW IN CASES WHERE THERE IS A WILL
C. INTESTACY
D. THE INHERITANCE (PROVISION FOR FAMILY AND DEPENDANTS)
ACT 1975
8. ELDER ABUSE
A. DENNING ELDER ABUSE
B. THE LAW
C. ISSUES CONCERNING ELDER ABUSE
9. CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
568
571
571
572
573
574
576
582
582
582
583
585
586
615
XVI |
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| author | Herring, Jonathan 1968- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)138174776 |
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| bvnumber | BV013781826 |
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| callnumber-search | KD750 |
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| callnumber-subject | KD - United Kingdom and Ireland |
| classification_rvk | HD 401 PU 4355 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)46693498 (DE-599)BVBBV013781826 |
| dewey-full | 346.42015 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 346 - Private law |
| dewey-raw | 346.42015 |
| dewey-search | 346.42015 |
| dewey-sort | 3346.42015 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft Anglistik / Amerikanistik |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic_facet | Wales Großbritannien England |
| id | DE-604.BV013781826 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T06:49:21Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 058238172X |
| language | English |
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| physical | LII, 619 S. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publishDateSearch | 2001 |
| publishDateSort | 2001 |
| publisher | Longman |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Longman law series |
| spelling | Herring, Jonathan 1968- Verfasser (DE-588)138174776 aut Family law Jonathan Herring 1. publ. Harlow [u.a.] Longman 2001 LII, 619 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Longman law series Great Britain. Human Rights Act 1998 Domestic relations England Domestic relations Wales Familienrecht (DE-588)4016419-6 gnd rswk-swf Wales (DE-588)4064435-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf England (DE-588)4014770-8 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Familienrecht (DE-588)4016419-6 s DE-604 England (DE-588)4014770-8 g 1\p DE-604 Wales (DE-588)4064435-2 g 2\p DE-604 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009421287&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Herring, Jonathan 1968- Family law Great Britain. Human Rights Act 1998 Domestic relations England Domestic relations Wales Familienrecht (DE-588)4016419-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4016419-6 (DE-588)4064435-2 (DE-588)4022153-2 (DE-588)4014770-8 |
| title | Family law |
| title_auth | Family law |
| title_exact_search | Family law |
| title_full | Family law Jonathan Herring |
| title_fullStr | Family law Jonathan Herring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Family law Jonathan Herring |
| title_short | Family law |
| title_sort | family law |
| topic | Great Britain. Human Rights Act 1998 Domestic relations England Domestic relations Wales Familienrecht (DE-588)4016419-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Great Britain. Human Rights Act 1998 Domestic relations England Domestic relations Wales Familienrecht Wales Großbritannien England |
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