Auditing & assurance services: a systematic approach
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Boston u.a.
McGraw-Hill
2000
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Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XXXIX, 806 S. |
ISBN: | 0072908289 |
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adam_text | Contents in Brief
Preface xxxi
PART I INTRODUCTION TO AUDITING AND ASSURANCE
SERVICES i
1 An Introduction to Auditing and Assurance Services 3
2 An Overview of Financial Statement Auditing 39
PART II BASIC AUDITING CONCEPTS: MATERIALITY,
AUDIT RISK, AND EVIDENCE 65
3 Materiality and Audit Risk 67
4 Evidential Matter, Types of Evidence, and Working Paper
Documentation 112
PART III PLANNING THE AUDIT AND UNDERSTANDING
INTERNAL CONTROL 143
5 Audit Planning and Types of Audit Tests 145
6 Internal Control in a Financial Statement Audit 186
7 The Effects of Information Technology on the Audit Function 230
PART IV STATISTICAL TOOLS FOR AUDITING 271
8 Audit Sampling: An Overview and Application to Tests
of Controls 273
9 Audit Sampling: An Application to Substantive Tests
of Account Balances 311
PART V AUDITING ACCOUNTING APPLICATIONS
AND RELATED ACCOUNTS 347
10 Auditing the Revenue Cycle and Related Accounts 349
11 Auditing the Purchasing Cycle and Related Accounts 408
12 Auditing the Payroll Cycle and Related Accounts 451
13 Auditing the Inventory Cycle and Related Accounts 479
14 Auditing Selected Asset Accounts: Prepaid Expenses
and Property, Plant, and Equipment 511
15 Auditing Long Term Liabilities, Stockholders Equity,
and Income Statement Accounts 534
16 Auditing Cash and Investments 554
ix
!
Contents in Brief
PART VI COMPLETING THE AUDIT AND REPORTING I
RESPONSIBILITIES 587
17 Completing the Engagement 589
18 Reports on Audited Financial Statements and Special
Reporting Issues 618
PART VII PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES 659
19 The Code of Professional Conduct and Quality Control
Standards 661
20 Legal Liability 702
PART VIII ASSURANCE, ATTESTATION, AND OTHER
FORMS OF SERVICES 739
21 Assurance, Attestation, and Other Forms of Services 741
Glossary 782
Index 787
|
I
I
1
J
I
CONTENTS
Preface xxxi
Part I INTRODUCTION TO AUDITING
AND ASSURANCE SERVICES i
I An Introduction to Auditing and Assurance Services 3
The Demand for Auditing 5
Auditing, Attestation, and Assurance Services 7
Auditing 7
Attestation 9
Assurance 10
Types of Audits 11
Financial Statement Audits 11
Compliance Audits 12
Operational Audits 12
Forensic Audits 12
Types of Auditors 13
External Auditors 13
Internal Auditors 13
Government Auditors 14
Forensic Auditors 15
The Public Accounting Profession 15
Issues Currently Affecting the Profession 15
Public Accounting Firms 18
Types of Services 20
Organizations That Affect Financial Statement Audits 22
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) 22
Public Oversight Board 24
Financial Accounting Standards Board 25
Government Accounting Standards Board 25
Securities and Exchange Commission 25
Independence Standards Board 26
Generally Accepted Auditing Standards 26
General Standards 27
Standards of Field Work 28
Standards of Reporting 28
Statements on Auditing Standards 29
Review Questions 30
xi
Contents
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 30
Problems 33
Discussion Cases 36
Internet Assignments 38
CASE ILLUSTRATION: EarthWear Clothiers 1
Company History and Background 2
Company History and Operations 2
Catalogs and Sales Operations 2
Customer Database 3
Product Development 3
Order Entry, Fulfillment, and Delivery 4
Merchandise Liquidation 5
Competition 5
Trademarks 5
Seasonality of Business 5
Employees 5
Executive Officers of the Company 6
Market Information 6
Shareholders 6
Independent Auditors 6
Consolidated Financial Statements 7
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 12
Note A: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 12
Note B: Stockholders Equity 12
Note C: Lines of Credit 13
Note D: Long Term Debt 13
Note E: Leases 13
Note F: Retirement Plans 13
Management s Discussion and Analysis 14
Management s Discussion and Analysis: Results of Operations
for 2000 Compared to 1999 14
Management s Report on Financial Statements 15
Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements 15
Independent Auditors Report 16
2 An Overview of Financial Statement Auditing 39
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles as an Audit Criterion 40
Financial Statements, Management Assertions, and Audit Objectives 42
The Auditor s Responsibility for Errors, Fraud, and Illegal Acts 43
Ethics and Independence 44
The Auditor as a Business and Industry Expert 45
I Contents xiii
t
Three Fundamental Concepts in Conducting an Audit 46
s Materiality 47
Audit Risk 48
Evidence 48
Sampling: Inferences Based on Limited Observations 49
Overview of the Audit Process 50
Client Acceptance and Retention 50
Establish the Terms of the Engagement 53
Plan the Audit 53
Consider Internal Control 54
Conduct Substantive Tests 54
Complete the Audit 55
Issue the Report 55
Audit Reporting 55
The Auditor s Standard Unqualified Audit Report 55
Departures from an Unqualified Audit Report 58
Other Types of Audit Reports 59
Review Questions 59
i Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 60
! Problems 62
j Discussion Case 63
Internet Assignments 64
Part II BASIC AUDITING CONCEPTS: MATERIALITY,
AUDIT RISK, AND EVIDENCE 65
5 3 Materiality and Audit Risk 67
I Materiality 68
Steps in Applying Materiality 68
An Example 73
Audit Risk 78
i The Audit Risk Model 80
Use of the Audit Risk Model 82
j Assessing Client Business Risk 84
j Assessing the Risk of Material Misstatement Due to Error or Fraud 86
1 The Auditor s Response to the Results of the Risk Assessments 94
Evaluation of Audit Test Results 94
Documentation of the Auditor s Risk Assessment and Response 95
Communications about Fraud to Management, the Audit
Committee, and Others 95
Limitations of the Audit Risk Model 95
Contents
APPENDIX: A Quantitative Approach to Allocating Materiality 96
Review Questions 98
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 98
Problems 101
Discussion Cases 105
Internet Assignments 111
4 Evidential Matter, Types of Evidence, and Working Paper
Documentation xiz
The Relationship of Evidential Matter to the Audit Report 113
Management Assertions 114
Existence or Occurrence 115
Completeness 115
Rights and Obligations 115
Valuation or Allocation 116
Presentation and Disclosure 116
Audit Objectives 116
Validity 117
Completeness 117
Cutoff 117
Ownership 118
Accuracy 118
Valuation 118
Classification 118
Disclosure 118
Audit Procedures 118
Basic Concepts of Evidential Matter 119
The Nature of Evidential Matter 119
The Competence of Evidential Matter 120
The Sufficiency of Evidential Matter 121
The Evaluation of Evidential Matter 121
Types of Audit Evidence 122
Physical Examination 122
Re.performa.nce 122
Documentation 122
Confirmation 124
Analytical Procedures 124
Inquiries of Client Personnel or Management 125
Observation 125
Reliability of the Types of Evidence 126
Relationship of Evidence to Audit Objectives and Audit Activities 126
Contents XV
j
Working Papers 128
The Nature of Working Papers 128
Contents of Working Papers 128
Types of Working Papers 128
Format of Working Papers 132
Organization of Working Papers 133
Ownership of Working Papers 133
Review Questions 135
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 135
Problems 138
Discussion Case 140
Internet Assignment 141
SCAD Assignment 141
Part III PLANNING THE AUDIT AND
UNDERSTANDING INTERNAL CONTROL 143
5 Audit Planning and Types of Audit Tests 145
i Establishing the Terms of the Engagement 146
i The Audit Committee 146
I The Engagement Letter 147
Internal Auditors 147
Engagement Planning 150
Overview 150
Determine the Audit Staffing Requirements 151
1 Assess Independence 151
j Obtain Knowledge of the Client s Business and Industry 152
| Establish Materiality and Audit Risk, and Assess Inherent Risk 152
] Assess a Preliminary Level for Control Risk 152
j Assess the Possibility of Errors, Fraud, and Illegal Acts 153
I Identify Related Parties 156
: Conduct Preliminary Analytical Procedures 156
Develop an Overall Audit Strategy and Prepare Audit Programs 157
I Consider Additional Value Added Services 157
I Types of Audit Tests 159
I Tests of Controls 159
Substantive Tests 159
Dual Purpose Tests 160
Analytical Procedures 160
Types of Analytical Procedures 161
Purposes of Analytical Procedures 162
Contents
Analytical Procedures Used in Planning the Audit 162
Analytical Procedures as a Substantive Test 164
Analytical Procedures Used in the Overall Review 167
Selected Financial Ratios Useful as Analytical Procedures 167
Short Term Liquidity Ratios 168
Activity Ratios 169
Profitability Ratios 170
Coverage Ratios 171
Review Questions 172
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 172
Problems 176
Discussion Cases 180
Internet Assignments 185
SCAD Assignment 185
6 Internal Control in a Financial Statement Audit 186
Internal Control 187
Definition of Internal Control 187
Management s Perspective 187
The Auditor s Perspective 187
The Components of Internal Control 188
Control Environment 188
Risk Assessment 191
Control Activities 192
Information and Communication 193
Monitoring 193
The Effect of Entity Size on Internal Control 194
The Limitations of an Entity s Internal Control 194
Consideration of Internal Control in Planning
and Performing an Audit 196
Planning an Audit Strategy 196
Understanding Internal Control 200
Documenting the Understanding of Internal Control 207
Tests of Controls 210
Assessing and Documenting the Level of Control Risk 212
Substantive Tests 212
Timing of Audit Procedures 213
Interim Tests of Controls 214
Interim Substantive Tests 214
Communication of Internal Control Related Matters 215
1
*f Contents xvii
1
APPENDIX: Flowcharting Techniques 217
• Symbols 217
Organization and Flow 217
Review Questions 219
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 219
Problems 222
Discussion Case 225
Internet Assignment 226
SCAD Assignment 229
7 The Effects of Information Technology on the Audit Function 230
Changing Information Technology (IT) and Its Effect on Auditing 231
Distributed Data Processing, Networking, and Electronic
Data Interchange 231
Real Time Systems 233
Intelligent Systems 233
End User Computing 234
Electronic (Internet) Commerce 234
The Complexity of IT Systems 235
I Low Complexity Systems 235
i Medium Complexity Systems 235
I Advanced Systems 236
Types of Controls in an IT Environment 236
General Controls 236
Application Controls 241
The Effect of IT on Internal Control 246
I Control Environment Factors 246
I Control Activities 247
I The Audit Process in an IT Environment 248
i Overview 248
Audit Strategy Decisions 249
Computer Assisted Audit Techniques 251
Generalized Audit Software 252
Custom Audit Software 253
I Test Data 254
I Integrated Test Facility 255
I Parallel Simulation 255
Concurrent Auditing Techniques 255
The Use of Microcomputers as an Audit Tool 256
Audit Tasks 257
Types of Microcomputer Software 258
Contents I
Auditing Accounting Applications Processed
by Outside Service Organizations 258
Review Questions 260
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 260 i
Problems 263
Discussion Case 269
Part IV STATISTICAL TOOLS FOR AUDITING 271
8 Audit Sampling: An Overview and Application
to Tests of Controls 273
Introduction 274
Sampling Defined 274
Audit Evidence Choices That Do Not Involve Sampling 275
Terminology 276
Sampling Risk 276
Type I and Type II Errors 276
Precision 277
Types of Audit Sampling 277
Nonstatistical versus Statistical Sampling 277
Types of Statistical Sampling Techniques 278
Requirements of SAS No. 39 279
Planning 279
Sample Selection 279
Performance and Evaluation 280
Attribute Sampling Applied to Tests of Controls 281
Planning 281
Performance 286
Evaluation 288
An Example of an Attribute Sampling Plan 290
Determine the Objective of the Test (Step 1) 290
Define the Deviation from the Control Policy
or Procedure (Step 2) 290
Define the Population (Step 3) 291
Define the Sampling Unit (Step 4) 291
Determine the Sample Size (Step 5) 291
Randomly Select the Sample Items (Step 6) 295
Perform the Audit Procedures (Step 7) 295
Calculate the Sample Results (Step 8) 295
Perform Error Analysis (Step 9) 300
Draw Final Conclusions (Step 10) 300
Nonstatistical Sampling for Tests of Controls 300
Determining the Sample Size 300
Randomly Selecting the Sample Items 301
Calculating the Sample Results 301
Review Questions 302
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 303
Problems 306
Discussion Case 309
SCAD Assignment 310
9 Audit Sampling: An Application to Substantive Tests
of Account Balances 311
A Sampling Plan for Substantive Tests of Account Balances 312
Planning 312
Performance 316
Evaluation 316
Monetary Unit Sampling 317
Advantages 318
Disadvantages 318
: Applying Monetary Unit Sampling 319
; An Extended Example 323
j Nonstatistical Sampling for Tests of Account Balances 328
I Identifying Individually Significant Items 328
j Determining the Sample Size 328
Calculating the Sample Results 329
I An Example 330
I APPENDIX: Classical Variables Sampling 331
1 Advantages 332
J Disadvantages 332
I Applying Classical Variables Sampling 332
j Review Questions 337
j Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 337
I Problems 340
; Discussion Case 344
PartV AUDITING ACCOUNTING APPLICATIONS
AND RELATED ACCOUNTS 347
10 Auditing the Revenue Cycle and Related Accounts 349
Revenue Recognition 350
Overview of the Revenue Cycle 351
Types of Transactions and Financial Statement Accounts Affected 352
Types of Documents and Records 356
The Major Functions 359
Key Segregation of Duties 361
contents
Inherent Risk Assessment 362
Industry Related Factors 364
The Complexity and Contentiousness of Revenue Recognition Issues 364
The Difficulty of Auditing Transactions and Account Balances 364
Misstatements Detected in Prior Audits 365
Control Risk Assessment 365
Understanding and Documenting Internal Control 365
Planning and Performing Tests of Controls 367
Assessing and Documenting the Control Risk 367
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Revenue
Transactions 367
Validity of Revenue Transactions 370
Completeness of Revenue Transactions 370
Timeliness of Recording of Revenue Transactions 371
Authorization of Revenue Transactions 371
Valuation of Revenue Transactions 371
Classification of Revenue Transactions 372
Posting and Summarization of Revenue Transactions 372
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—
Cash Receipts Transactions 372
Validity of Cash Receipts Transactions 372
Completeness of Cash Receipts Transactions 374
Timeliness of Recording of Cash Receipts Transactions 375
Authorization of Cash Discounts 375
Valuation of Cash Transactions 376
Classification of Cash Receipts 376
Posting and Summarization of Cash Receipts Transactions 376
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Sales Returns
and Allowances Transactions 376
Relating the Assessed Level of Control Risk to Substantive Testing 377
Auditing Accounts Receivable and Related Accounts 377
Substantive Tests of Transactions 378
Analytical Procedures 379
Tests of Account Balances 381
Accuracy 381
Validity 383
Completeness 383
Cutoff 383
Ownership 385
Valuation 385
Classification 386
Disclosure 387
^IS¥ lit fllJ A^A
The Confirmation Process—Accounts Receivable 388
Types of Confirmations 389
Timing 390
Confirmation Procedures 391
Alternative Procedures 393
Auditing Other Receivables 393
Evaluating the Audit Findings—Accounts Receivable
and Related Accounts 394
Review Questions 395
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 396
Problems 399
Discussion Cases 407
SCAD Assignment 407
11 Auditing the Purchasing Cycle and Related Accounts 408
Expense and Liability Recognition 409
Overview of the Purchasing cycle 410
Types of Transactions and Financial Statement Accounts Affected 413
Types of Documents and Records 413
The Major Functions 416
The Key Segregation of Duties 418
Inherent Risk Assessment 418
Industry Related Factors 419
Misstatements Detected in Prior Audits 420
Control Risk Assessment 420
Understanding and Documenting Internal Control 420
Planning and Performing Tests of Controls 422
Assessing and Documenting the Control Risk 422
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Purchase
Transactions 422
Validity of Purchase Transactions 422
Completeness of Purchase Transactions 425
Timeliness of Recording of Purchase Transactions 425
Authorization of Purchase Transactions 426
Valuation of Purchase Transactions 426
Classification of Purchase Transactions 426
Posting and Summarization of Purchase Transactions 426
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Cash
Disbursement Transactions 427
Validity of Recorded Cash Disbursement Transactions 427
Completeness of Cash Disbursement Transactions 427
Timeliness of Recording of Cash Disbursement Transactions 427
11 Contents
Authorization of Cash Disbursement Transactions 429
Valuation of Cash Disbursement Transactions 429
Classification of Cash Disbursement Transactions 430
Posting and Summarization of Cash Disbursement Transactions 430
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Purchase
Return Transactions 430
Relating the Assessed Level of Control Risk to Substantive Testing 431
Auditing Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses 431
Substantive Tests of Transactions 431
Analytical Procedures 432
Tests of Account Balances 433
Accuracy 433
Validity 434
Completeness 435
Cutoff 436
Ownership 437
Valuation 437
Classification 438
Disclosure 438
Accounts Payable Confirmations 439
Evaluation the Audit Findings—Accounts Payable
and Related Accounts 439
Review Questions 441
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 442
Problems 444
Discussion Case 450
12 Auditing the Payroll Cycle and Related Accounts 451
Overview of the Payroll Cycle 452
Types of Transactions and Financial Statement Accounts Affected 452
Types of Documents and Records 454
The Major Functions 455
The Key Segregation of Duties 457
Inherent Risk Assessment 458
Control Risk Assessment 458
Understanding and Documenting Internal Control 459
Planning and Performing Tests of Controls 459
Assessing and Documenting the Control Risk 460
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Payroll
Transactions 460
Validity of Payroll Transactions 460
Authorization of Payroll Transactions 460
Valuation of Payroll Transactions 463
Classification of Payroll Transactions 463
Relating the Assessed Level of Control Risk to Substantive Testing 463
Auditing Payroll Related Accounts 463
Substantive Tests of Transactions 464
Analytical Procedures 465
Tests of Account Balances 465
Payroll Expense Accounts 466
Accrued Payroll Liabilities 466
Evaluating the Audit Findings—Payroll Related Accounts 469
Review Questions 470
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 471
Problems 473
Discussion Case 478
Internet Assignment 478
13 Auditing the Inventory Cycle and Related Accounts 479
Overview of the Inventory Cycle 480
Types of Documents and Records 481
The Major Functions 484
The Key Segregation of Duties 485
Inherent Risk Assessment 486
Industry Related Factors 486
Engagement and Operating Characteristics 486
Control Risk Assessment 488
Understanding and Documenting Internal Control 488
Planning and Performing Tests of Controls 489
Assessing and Documenting the Control Risk 489
Internal Control Procedures and Tests of Controls—Inventory
Transactions 489
Validity of Inventory Transactions 489
Completeness of Inventory Transactions 491
Authorization of Inventory Transactions 492
Valuation of Inventory Transactions 492
Classification of Inventory Transactions 492
Relating the Assessed Level of Control Risk to Substantive
Testing 493
Auditing Inventory 493
Substantive Tests of Transactions 493
Analytical Procedures 494
Auditing Standard Costs 495
Materials 495
Labor 495
Overhead 496
Observing Physical Inventory 496
Tests of Account Balances 497
Accuracy 497
Validity 498
Completeness 498
Cutoff 499
Ownership 499
Valuation 499
Classification 499
Disclosure 500
Evaluating the Audit Findings—Inventory 501
Review Questions 502
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 502
Problems 505
Discussion Case 509
Internet Assignment 510
14 Auditing Selected Asset Accounts: Prepaid Expenses
and Property, Plant, and Equipment 511
Auditing Prepaid Expenses 512
Inherent Risk Assessment—Prepaid Expenses 512
Control Risk Assessment—Prepaid Expenses 512
Substantive Testing—Prepaid Insurance 513
Analytical Procedures 513
Substantive Tests of the Prepaid Insurance Account 513
Auditing Property, Plant, and Equipment 515
Types of Transactions 516
Overview of the Cycle 516
Inherent Risk Assessment—Property, Plant, and Equipment 516
Complex Accounting Issues 517
Difficult to Audit Transactions 518
Misstatements Detected in Prior Audits 518
Control Risk Assessment—Property, Plant, and Equipment 518
Validity and Authorization 518
Completeness 519
Segregation of Duties 520
Substantive Testing—Property, Plant, and Equipment 520
Analytical Procedures—Property, Plant, and Equipment 520
Tests of Account Balances—Property, Plant, and Equipment 521
Accuracy 521
x^unienis XXV
Validity 521
Completeness 522
Cutoff 522
Ownership 524
Valuation 524
Classification 524
Disclosure 525
Evaluating the Audit Findings—Property, Plant, and Equipment 525
Review Questions 526
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 526
Problems 529
Discussion Cases 532
15 Auditing Long Term Liabilities, Stockholders Equity,
and Income Statement Accounts 534
Auditing Long Term Debt 535
Control Risk Assessment—Long Term Debt 536
Control Objectives and Related Procedures 536
Substantive Tests of Long Term Debt 537
Auditing Stockholders Equity 540
Control Risk Assessment—Stockholders Equity 540
Control Objectives and Related Procedures 541
Segregation of Duties 541
Auditing Capital Stock Accounts 542
Validity and Completeness 542
Valuation 542
Disclosure 543
Auditing Dividends 543
Auditing Retained Earnings 543
Auditing Income Statement Accounts 544
Assessing Control Risk for Accounting Cycles 544
Direct Tests of Balance Sheet Accounts 545
Analytical Procedures 545
Tests of Selected Account Balances 546
Review Questions 547
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 547
Problems 549
Discussion Cases 551
16 Auditing Cash and Investments 554
Cash and the Effect of Other Accounting Cycles 555
Types of Bank Accounts 556
General Cash Account 556
Imprest Cash Accounts 556
Branch Accounts 557
Substantive Tests of Transactions—Cash 557
Analytical Procedures—Cash 558
Tests of Account Balances—Cash 558
The Effects of Control Procedures 558
Audit Objectives 558
Auditing the General Cash Account 559
Fraud Related Audit Procedures 563
Auditing a Payroll or Branch Imprest Account 56 7
Auditing a Petty Cash Fund 567
Disclosure Issues for Cash 568
Investments 570
Control Risk Assessment—Investments 570
Control Objectives and Related Procedures 570
Segregation of Duties 572
Substantive Tests of Investments 572
Validity 573
Valuation 574
Classification 575
Disclosure 575
Review Questions 575
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 576
Problems 579
Internet Assignment 585
Part VI COMPLETING THE AUDIT AND REPORTING
RESPONSIBILITIES 587
17 Completing the Engagement 589
Review for Contingent Liabilities 590
Audit Procedures for Identifying Contingent Liabilities 591
Legal Letters 592
Commitments 593
Review for Subsequent Events 595
Dual Dating 597
Audit Procedures for Subsequent Events 597
Final Evidential Evaluation Processes 598
Analytical Procedures 598
Going Concern Considerations 598
Representation Letter 599
Working Paper Review 599
Evaluating Audit Results 601
Evaluating Financial Statement Presentation and Disclosure 602
Independent Partner Review 602
Communications with the Audit Committee and Management 604
Subsequent Discovery of Facts Existing at the Date
of the Auditor s Report 604
Review Questions 607
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 608
Problems 611
Discussion Cases 614
Internet Assignments 617
18 Reports on Audited Financial Statements and Special
Reporting Issues 6x8
The Auditor s Standard Unqualified Audit Report 619
Explanatory Language Added to the Standard Unqualified Audit Report 619
Opinion Based in Part on the Report of Another Auditor 620
Going Concern 622
Auditor Agrees with a Departure from Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles 622
Lack of Consistency 622
Emphasis of a Matter 623
Departures from an Unqualified Audit Report 624
Conditions for Departure 625
Other Types of Audit Reports 625
The Effect of Materiality 625
Discussion of Conditions Requiring Other Types of Reports 626
Scope Limitation 626
Statements Not in Conformity with GAAP 628
Auditor Not Independent 629
Special Reporting Issues 630
Reports on Comparative Financial Statements 630
Different Reports on Comparative Financial Statements 631
A Change in Report on the Prior Period Financial Statements 631
Report by a Predecessor Auditor 633
Other Information in Documents Containing Audited Financial
Statements 634
Going Concern Evaluation 634
Steps in the Going Concern Evaluation 634
Identifying and Assessing Going Concern Problems 635
Consideration of Management s Plans 637
Reporting on Going Concern Problems 637
Special Reports 638
Financial Statements Prepared on a Comprehensive Basis
of Accounting Other Than GAAP 639
Specified Elements, Accounts, or Items of a Financial Statement 640
Compliance Reports Related to Audited Financial Statements 641
Special Purpose Financial Presentations 642
Financial Information Presented in Prescribed Forms or Schedules 644
Review Questions 644
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 645
Problems 649
Discussion Cases 654
Part VII PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES 659
19 The Code of Professional Conduct and Quality Control
Standards 661
An Ethical Framework 662
Ethics and Professionalism 662
Theories of Ethical Behavior 662
Example—An Ethical Dilemma 664
Development of Moral Judgment 666
Code of Professional Conduct 667
Principles of Professional Conduct 669
Rules of Conduct 670
Independence, Integrity, and Objectivity 672
Independence 672
Integrity and Objectivity 679
General Standards and Accounting Principles 680
General Standards and Compliance with Standards 680
Accounting Principles 681
Responsibilities to Clients 682
Confidential Client Information 682
Contingent Fees 682
Other Responsibilities and Practices 683
Acts Discreditable 683
Advertising and Other Forms of Solicitation 684
Commissions and Referral Fees 685
Form of Organization and Name 685
Disciplinary Actions 686
Quality Control Standards 687
System of Quality Control 687
Elements of Quality Control 687
Monitoring Quality Control 688
Review Questions 690
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 690
Problems 694
Discussion Cases 700
2O Legal Liability 702
The Legal Environment 703
Overview 703
Common Law—Clients 705
Breach of Contract 705
Negligence 705
Fraud 707
Common Law—Third Parties 708
Negligence 708
Fraud 713
Statutory Liability 714
Securities Act of 1993 714
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 716
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 718
SEC Sanctions 719
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 719
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act 720
Criminal Liability 721
Approaches to Minimizing Legal Liability 721
At the Profession Level 721
At the Firm Level 722
APPENDIX: Summary of Significant Legal Cases 723
Continental Vending (United States v. Simon, 1970) 723
National Student Marketing (United States v. Natelli, 1975) 724
Equity Funding (United States v. Weiner, 1978) 725
ESM Government Securities, Inc. (In re Alexander Grant Co.
Litigation, 1986) 726
MiniScribe 726
Phar Mor 727
Review Questions 729
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 729
Problems 734
Discussion Case 738
PART VIII ASSURANCE, ATTESTATION,
AND OTHER FORMS OF SERVICES 739
21 Assurance, Attestation, and Other Forms of Services 741
Assurance Services 742
The Demand for Assurance Services 744
Types of Assurance Services 744
CPA WebTrustSM Assurance 745
The Risks of Electronic Commerce 745
WebTrustSM principles and Criteria 746
The Assurance Process for WebTrus^ 746
CPA ElderCare 750
Types of ElderCare Services 750
The Assurance Process for ElderCare 751
Attestation Engagements 752
Types of Attestation Engagements 753
Attestation Standards 754
General Standards 755
Standards of Field Work 756
Standards of Reporting 756
Reporting on an Entity s Internal Control over Financial Reporting 756
Conditions for Conducting an Engagement 757
Examination Engagement 757
Reporting on Management s Assertion about Internal Control 758
Financial Forecasts and Projections 760
Types of Prospective Financial Statements 761
Examination Engagement 762
Agreed Upon Procedures 764
Compilation 766
Accounting and Review Services 766
Compilation of Financial Statements 768
Compilation with Full Disclosure 768
Compilation That Omits Substantially All Disclosures 769
Compilation When the Accountant Is Not Independent 769
Review of Financial Statements 770
Review Report 771
Conditions That May Result in Modification of a Compilation
or Review Report 771
Review Questions 772
Multiple Choice Questions from CPA Examinations 773
Problems 776
Discussion Case 780
Internet Assignments 781
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Messier, William F. |
author_facet | Messier, William F. |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Messier, William F. |
author_variant | w f m wf wfm |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV013560924 |
callnumber-first | H - Social Science |
callnumber-label | HF5667 |
callnumber-raw | HF5667 |
callnumber-search | HF5667 |
callnumber-sort | HF 45667 |
callnumber-subject | HF - Commerce |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)40298448 (DE-599)BVBBV013560924 |
dewey-full | 657/.45 |
dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
dewey-ones | 657 - Accounting |
dewey-raw | 657/.45 |
dewey-search | 657/.45 |
dewey-sort | 3657 245 |
dewey-tens | 650 - Management and auxiliary services |
discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
edition | 2. ed. |
format | Book |
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id | DE-604.BV013560924 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:48:00Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 0072908289 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009260742 |
oclc_num | 40298448 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-20 DE-188 |
owner_facet | DE-20 DE-188 |
physical | XXXIX, 806 S. |
publishDate | 2000 |
publishDateSearch | 2000 |
publishDateSort | 2000 |
publisher | McGraw-Hill |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Messier, William F. Verfasser aut Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach William F. Messier Auditing and assurance services 2. ed. Boston u.a. McGraw-Hill 2000 XXXIX, 806 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Auditing gtt Verzekeringswezen gtt Auditing Wirtschaftsprüfung (DE-588)4066505-7 gnd rswk-swf Revision Wirtschaft (DE-588)4049674-0 gnd rswk-swf Revision Wirtschaft (DE-588)4049674-0 s DE-188 Wirtschaftsprüfung (DE-588)4066505-7 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009260742&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Messier, William F. Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach Auditing gtt Verzekeringswezen gtt Auditing Wirtschaftsprüfung (DE-588)4066505-7 gnd Revision Wirtschaft (DE-588)4049674-0 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4066505-7 (DE-588)4049674-0 |
title | Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach |
title_alt | Auditing and assurance services |
title_auth | Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach |
title_exact_search | Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach |
title_full | Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach William F. Messier |
title_fullStr | Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach William F. Messier |
title_full_unstemmed | Auditing & assurance services a systematic approach William F. Messier |
title_short | Auditing & assurance services |
title_sort | auditing assurance services a systematic approach |
title_sub | a systematic approach |
topic | Auditing gtt Verzekeringswezen gtt Auditing Wirtschaftsprüfung (DE-588)4066505-7 gnd Revision Wirtschaft (DE-588)4049674-0 gnd |
topic_facet | Auditing Verzekeringswezen Wirtschaftsprüfung Revision Wirtschaft |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009260742&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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