Abduction and induction: essays on their relation and integration
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht [u.a.]
Kluwer
2000
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Applied logic series
18 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 309 S. |
| ISBN: | 0792362500 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Abduction and induction
Autor: Flach, Peter A.
Jahr: 2000
Contents
Foreword ix
Preface xiii
Contributing Authors xv
1
Abductive and inductive reasoning: background and issues 1
Peter A. Flach and Antonis C. Kakas
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Abduction and induction in philosophy and logic 2
1.3 Abduction and induction in logic programming and artificial intelligence 11
1.4 Integration of abduction and induction 24
1.5 Conclusions 27
Part I The philosophy of abduction and induction
2
Smart inductive generalizations are abductions 31
John R. Josephson
2.1 A distinctive pattern of inference 31
2.2 What is an explanation? 36
2.3 Smart inductive generalizations are abductions 39
2.4 Conclusion 43
3
Abduction as epistemic change: a Peircean model in Artificial Intelligence 45
Atocha Aliseda
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 Abduction and induction 46
3.3 The notion of abduction 47
3.4 Epistemic change 51
3.5 Abduction as epistemic change 54
3.6 Discussion and conclusions 57
vi CONTENTS
4
Abduction: between conceptual richness and computational complexity 59
Stathis Psillos
4.1 Introduction 59
4.2 Ampliative reasoning 60
4.3 Explanatory reasoning: induction and hypothesis 62
4.4 Abduction 64
4.5 Abduction and computation 69
4.6 Conclusions 73
Part II The logic of abduction and induction
5
On relationships between induction and abduction: a logical point of view 77
Brigitte Bessant
5.1 Introduction 77
5.2 Abduction and induction: one is an instance of the other 78
5.3 Abduction and induction: different with a common root 79
5.4 Abduction and induction: totally different 82
5.5 Abduction and induction: a logical inference 84
5.6 Conclusion 86
6
On the logic of hypothesis generation 89
Peter A. Flach
6.1 Introduction 89
6.2 Logical preliminaries 90
6.3 Explanatory reasoning 93
6.4 Confirmatory reasoning 97
6.5 Discussion 105
7
Abduction and induction from a non-monotonic reasoning perspective 107
Nicolas Lachiche
7.1 Introduction 107
7.2 Definitions 108
7.3 Abduction and explanatory induction 111
7.4 Abduction and descriptive induction 111
7.5 Discussion 114
7.6 Conclusion 115
8
Unified inference in extended syllogism 117
Pei Wang
8.1 Term logic and predicate logic 117
8.2 Extended syllogism in NARS 119
8.3 An example 123
8.4 Discussion 125
CONTENTS vii
Part III The integration of abduction and induction: an Artificial Intel-
ligence perspective
9
On the relations between abductive and inductive explanation 133
Luca Console and Lorenza Saitta
9.1 Introduction 133
9.2 Generality and informativeness 134
9.3 A general definition of explanation 137
9.4 Inductive and abductive explanations 140
9.5 Analysis of inference mechanisms in the literature 145
9.6 Related work 148
9.7 Conclusions 151
10
Learning, Bayesian probability, graphical models, and abduction 153
David Poole
10.1 Introduction 153
10.2 Bayesian probability 156
10.3 Bayesian networks 161
10.4 Bayesian learning and logic-based abduction 162
10.5 Combining induction and abduction 166
10.6 Conclusion 168
11
On the relation between abductive and inductive hypotheses 169
Akinori Abe
11.1 Introduction 169
11.2 The relation between abduction and induction 170
11.3 About the integration of abduction and induction 176
11.4 Conclusion 179
12
Integrating abduction and induction in Machine Learning 181
Raymond J. Mooney
12.1 Introduction 181
12.2 Abduction and induction 182
12.3 Abduction in theory refinement 183
12.4 Induction of abductive knowledge bases 188
12.5 Conclusions 191
Part IV The integration of abduction and induction: a Logic Program-
ming perspective
13
Abduction and induction combined in a metalogic framework 195
Henning Christiansen
13.1 Introduction 195
13.2 A metalogic framework for models of reasoning 197
13.3 Modelling a variety of reasoning processes 199
13.4 Implementation of the Demo system 204
13.5 Summary and related work 209
viii CONTENTS
14
Learning abductive and nonmonotonic logic programs 213
Katsumi Inoue and Hiromasa Haneda
14.1 Introduction 213
14.2 Learning nonmonotonic logic programs 216
14.3 Learning abductive logic programs 223
14.4 Related work 228
14.5 Conclusion 229
Appendix: Proof of Theorem 14.2 229
15
Cooperation of abduction and induction in Logic Programming 233
Evelina Lamma, Paola Mello, Fabrizio Riguzzi, Floriana Esposito,
Stefano Ferilli, and Giovanni Semeraro
15.1 Introduction 233
15.2 Abductive and Inductive Logic Programming 234
15.3 An algorithm for learning abductive logic programs 239
15.4 Examples 241
15.5 Integration of abduction and induction 248
15.6 Conclusions and future work 250
Appendix: Abductive proof procedure 250
16
Abductive generalization and specialization 253
Chiaki Sakama
16.1 Introduction 253
254
256
260
264
264
267
267
269
270
273
278
279
281
Index 301
16.2 Preliminaries
16.3 Generalizing knowledge bases through abduction
16.4 Specializing knowledge bases through abduction
16.5 Related work
16.6 Concluding remarks
17
Using abduction for induction based on bottom generalization
Akihiro Yamamoto
17.1 Introduction
17.2 From abduction to induction
17.3 SOLD-resolution
17.4 Finding definite clauses
17.5 Finding unit programs
17.6 Concluding remarks
Bibliography
|
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| dewey-full | 161 |
| dewey-hundreds | 100 - Philosophy & psychology |
| dewey-ones | 161 - Induction |
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| dewey-sort | 3161 |
| dewey-tens | 160 - Philosophical logic |
| discipline | Philosophie |
| format | Book |
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