Infections of the liver:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
2000
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Infectious disease clinics of North America
14,3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV S., S. 521 - 789 Ill. |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Infections of the liver |c Margaret James Koziel, guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 2000 | |
| 300 | |a XIV S., S. 521 - 789 |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Infectious disease clinics of North America |v 14,3 | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Maladies du foie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Liver |x Bacterial Infections | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Liver |x Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Liver |x Parasitic Infections | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Liver |x Viral Infections | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hepatitis |0 (DE-588)4024427-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |a Aufsatzsammlung |2 gnd-content | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Hepatitis |0 (DE-588)4024427-1 |D s |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Koziel, Margaret James |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804128150416785408 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Margaret James Koziel
Acute (Ascending) Cholangitis 521
Lawrence H. Hanau and Neal H. Steigbigel
Cholangitis is an infection of an obstructed biliary system, most
often resulting from common bile duct stones and often involving
enteric bacteria. Patients present with fever, abdominal discom¬
fort, and elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels. Ultra
sonography is the primary imaging modality, but standard com¬
puted tomography and helical CT cholangiography, magnetic
resonance cholangiography, endosonography, and invasive cho
langiographic methods, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangio
pancreatography, may provide important additional information
on biliary pathology. Initial treatment uses antimicrobial therapy
and, when necessary, biliary decompression, which is preferen¬
tially performed by endoscopy.
Pyogenic Liver Abscesses 547
Eric C. Johannsen, Costi D. Sifri, and Lawrence C. Madoff
Pyogenic liver abscess is a classic clinical entity whose presenta¬
tion and management have evolved significantly with the advent
of potent antimicrobials and the availability of improved diagnos¬
tic imaging. The classic triad of fever, upper right quadrant pain
or fullness, and jaundice resulting from advanced pylephlebitis is
now seldom seen. Despite these changes, pyogenic liver abscess
remains an important clinical entity for which prompt recognition
and treatment are essential to achieve a favorable outcome. This
article discusses the presentation and diagnosis of and current
therapy for liver abscesses.
nsBfjcnous dkhask conk?, ov noktii America
VOLUME 14 • NUMBER 3 • SEPTEMBER 2000 vii
Amebic Liver Abscess 565
Molly A. Hughes and William A. Petri, Jr
Amebiasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Entamoeba
histolytica. This protozoan organism is the third leading parasitic
cause of death in the developing world and is an important
health risk to travelers in endemic areas. Amebiasis most com¬
monly results in asymptomatic colonization of the gastrointestinal
tract, but some patients may develop intestinal invasive disease
or extraintestinal disease amebic liver abscess being the most
common extraintestinal manifestation. This article reviews epide
miologic features, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic
tests, imaging studies, treatment of amebic liver abscess, and
prevention measures.
Hepatic Schistosomiasis 583
Ioana Bica, Davidson H. Hamer, and Miguel J. Stadecker
Schistosomiasis is a major, worldwide cause of morbidity and
mortality. Disease from the organism Schistosoma mansoni results
from egg deposition in the liver, intestines, and other organs and
is associated with an intense, granulomatous response from the
human host. Clinical manifestations range from mild to severe
intestinal forms, and hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, which is asso¬
ciated with hepatic fibrosis, portal hypertension, esophageal vari
ces, and splenomegaly. This article presents information about
the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis and clinical aspects of
the disease, the relationship between hepatic schistosomiasis and
viral infections, diagnosis, therapy, and control strategies for
schistosomiasis.
Hepatitis A 605
Nyingi M. Kemmer and Emil P. Miskovsky
Hepatitis A is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in
the United States. Although hepatitis A infection is not a cause
of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, it does result in substantial mor¬
bidity and cost associated with medical coverage and work loss.
Recent decline in hepatitis A infection in developed countries is
attributable to improvements in environmental sanitation and
passive immunization with immunoglobulin. Advances in hepati¬
tis A virology and immunology have resulted in the development
of highly immunogenic and safe, inactivated vaccines. If the cost
benefit analysis is favorable, the widespread introduction of ac¬
tive immunization by hepatitis A vaccination could lead to a
decrease in morbidity and mortality from this disease.
Hepatitis B 617
Alex S. Befeler and Adrian M. Di Bisceglie
The hepatitis B virus is hepatotropic virus that can produce a
variety of clinical syndromes in infants to elderly adults. World
viii CONTENTS
wide, hepatitis B is a leading cause of fulminant hepatic failure,
cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent advances have led
to effective antiviral treatments, using interferon and nucleoside
analogues. Highly effective vaccinations also are widely used that
may lead to eradication of this life threatening virus.
Hepatitis C 633
Catherine Petruff Cheney, Sanjiv Chopra, and
Camilla Graham
It was only recently that the hepatitis C virus, agent of the
silent epidemic, was isolated, a circulating antibody assay was
developed, and scientific and clinical studies have culminated
in an understanding of the virus. This article reviews present
knowledge about hepatitis C, including its impact on global
health, epidemiology, characteristics of the virus, immunology
and prevention, clinical features and diagnosis, histopathology,
extrahepatic manifestations, and treatment options.
Hepatitis E 669
Krzysztof Rrawczynski, Rakesh Aggarwal, and
Saleem Kamili
Hepatitis E is a non enveloped RNA virus responsible for large
epidemics of acute hepatitis and a large proportion of sporadic
hepatitis cases in the Indian subcontinent, southeast and central
Asia, the Middle East, and parts of Africa and Mexico. The virus
is excreted in feces and transmitted mainly by the fecal oral
route—person to person transmission is uncommon. Clinical ill¬
ness is similar to other forms of acute viral hepatitis, except in
pregnant women, for whom illness is especially severe. Chronic
hepatitis is not known to occur. Specific treatment or vaccines are
not yet available, and the most effective mode of prevention is
the uses of clean water and proper sanitation.
Herpesvirus Infection of the Liver 689
Joyce D. Fingeroth
The eight human herpesviruses can produce a broad spectrum of
diseases in the liver. The immunocompromised host is particu¬
larly susceptible to hepatic manifestations of herpesvirus disease.
Cytomegalovirus is the most common opportunistic pathogen.
The initial clinical presentation of hepatic herpesvirus infection
may be subtle or nonspecific. Maintaining a high index of suspi¬
cion and immediately performing liver biopsy to document viral
replication (alpha and beta herpesviruses) or the outgrowth of
infected cells (gamma herpesviruses) can lead to lifesaving thera¬
peutic interventions.
CONTENTS ix
Hepatosplenic Candidiasis: A Manifestation of
Chronic Disseminated Candidiasis 721
D. P. Kontoyiannis, M. A. Luna, B. I. Samuels, and
G. P. Bodey
Hepatosplenic candidiasis, also chronic disseminated candidiasis,
is differentiated from acute disseminated candidiasis based on
clinical presentation, risk factors, and natural history. The disease
occurs almost exclusively in patients with leukemia and is charac¬
terized by fever after recovery from prolonged neutropenia,
abdominal complaints, and abnormalities in liver function. Al¬
though Candida albicans is the most common pathogen, non albi
can Candida species and opportunistic fungi have been identified
as causative agents. Imaging techniques are valuable for diagnosis
and management; although diagnosis is difficult. Liver biopsy
and culture may be the only method to establish diagnosis; how¬
ever, the organism may not be cultured from liver tissue in 50%
of patients. Antifungal therapy is complicated by the intercurrent
immunosuppression related to chemotherapy and should be pro¬
longed and tailored to the patient s individual response. Newer
azoles and the lipid formulations of amphotericin B are promising
therapies and appear to be more efficacious than amphotericin
B desoxycholate. The disease has been virtually eliminated in
institutions where fluconazole has been used prophylactically in
susceptible patients. Increased understanding of the pathophysi
ology of this infection is needed to improve methods for diagno¬
sis and management.
Infections of the Liver in HIV Infected Patients 741
Michael A. Poles and Douglas T. Dieterich
The liver is a common site of pathology in HIV infected patients.
In patients with controlled HIV and minimal immunosuppres¬
sion, infection with hepatitis viruses is common owing to the risk
factors of sexual transmission or parenteral drug use. In patients
with AIDS, the liver is a common site of lymphohematogenous
dissemination of several infectious pathogens. A thorough diag¬
nostic approach will lead to a diagnosis of most hepatobiliary
processes. A sense of futility surrounding therapeutic treatment of
hepatic disease, including viral hepatitis, is unwarranted because
treatment of the underlying HIV and hepatic process may im¬
prove the quality of life and longevity of these patients.
Viral Hepatitis in the Liver Transplant Recipient 761
Hugo R. Rosen and Paul Martin
Liver disease related to chronic viral hepatitis is the leading
indicator for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Understand¬
ing of hepatitis B and C infections in the OLT recipient has
increased, but further study is required. The risk of spontaneous
X CONTENTS
viral recurrence after transplantation has decreased dramatically
with the use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and lamivu
dine in hepatitis B infected recipients. As defined by histologic
injury, hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence is almost universal.
Although outcomes for the first decade after OLT do not appear
to be limited by hepatitis C viral infection for most patients,
individual patients do suffer severe graft injury and even loss
caused by recurrent HCV. With longer follow up, the prevalence
of HCV related graft failure is likely to increase. In addition, the
effect on recurrence of different immunosuppressive protocols
requires further study. Thus, although hepatitis B recurrence has
been effectively contained, the more intractable problem of man¬
aging recurrent HCV as yet has no obvious solutions. Optimal
antiviral strategies for hepatitis C following OLT have yet to be
identified.
Index 785
Subscription Information Inside back cover
CONTENTS XI
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| series | Infectious disease clinics of North America |
| series2 | Infectious disease clinics of North America |
| spelling | Infections of the liver Margaret James Koziel, guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 2000 XIV S., S. 521 - 789 Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Infectious disease clinics of North America 14,3 Maladies du foie Liver Bacterial Infections Liver Diseases Liver Parasitic Infections Liver Viral Infections Hepatitis (DE-588)4024427-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Hepatitis (DE-588)4024427-1 s DE-604 Koziel, Margaret James Sonstige oth Infectious disease clinics of North America 14,3 (DE-604)BV000841738 14,3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009120742&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Infections of the liver Infectious disease clinics of North America Maladies du foie Liver Bacterial Infections Liver Diseases Liver Parasitic Infections Liver Viral Infections Hepatitis (DE-588)4024427-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4024427-1 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Infections of the liver |
| title_auth | Infections of the liver |
| title_exact_search | Infections of the liver |
| title_full | Infections of the liver Margaret James Koziel, guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Infections of the liver Margaret James Koziel, guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infections of the liver Margaret James Koziel, guest ed. |
| title_short | Infections of the liver |
| title_sort | infections of the liver |
| topic | Maladies du foie Liver Bacterial Infections Liver Diseases Liver Parasitic Infections Liver Viral Infections Hepatitis (DE-588)4024427-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Maladies du foie Liver Bacterial Infections Liver Diseases Liver Parasitic Infections Liver Viral Infections Hepatitis Aufsatzsammlung |
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