Handbook of contrast echocardiography: left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2000
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturangaben |
| Physical Description: | XV, 184 S. Ill., graph. Darst. : 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 3540670831 |
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MARC
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Table of Contents
Foreword V
Preface VII
Table of Contents VII
Acknowledgements XIV
Chapter 1
Contrast agents for echocardiography: Principles and Instrumentation
1.1 The need for contrast agents in echocardiography 2
1.1.1 B mode imaging 2
1.1.2 Doppler 3
1.1.3 Doppler examination of small vessels 4
1.2 Contrast agents for ultrasound 5
1.2.1 Contrast agent types 5
1.2.1.1 Blood pool agents
1.2.1.2 Selective uptake agents
1.2.2 Using a contrast agent 8
1.2.2.1 Preparation
1.2.2.2 Preparing for injection
1.2.3 Administration methods 12
1.2.3.1 Bolus
1.2.3.2 Infusion
1.3 Mode of action 16
1.3.1 Bubble behaviour and incident pressure 17
Table of Contents IX
1.3.1.1 The Mechanical Index (MI)
1.3.2 I Linear Backscatter: Doppler enhancement 18
1.3.2.1 Enhancement studies with conventional imaging
1.3.3 II Nonlinear backscatter: harmonic imaging 20
1.3.3.1 The need for bubble specific imaging
1.3.3.2 Harmonic imaging
1.3.3.3 The impact of harmonic imaging
1.3.3.4 Tissue harmonic imaging
1.3.3.5 Pulse inversion imaging
1.3.3.6 Power pulse inversion imaging
1.3.4 III — Transient disruption: intermittent imaging 36
1.3.4.1 Triggered imaging
1.3.4.2 Intermittent harmonic power Doppler
1.3.5 Summary 39
1.4 Safety considerations 40
1.5 New developments in contrast imaging 41
1.5.1 Tissue specific bubbles 41
1.5.2 Bubbles for therapy 41
1.6 Summary 42
1.7 References 42
Chapter 2
Assessment of Left Ventricular Function by Contrast Echo
2.1 Physiology and pathophysiology of LV function 48
2.2 Available methods The role of contrast 49
2.2.1 Systolic function: the need for endocardial border definition 49
2.2.2 Diastolic function: the need for pulmonary venous flow recordings 50
2.3 Indications and selection of methods 51
2.3.1 Indications for contrast echo 51
2.3.1.1 LV border delineation
2.3.1.2 Detection, determination of size and shape of LV thrombi
2.3.1.3 Pulmonary venous flow
2.3.2 Selection of patients 53
2.3.3 Selection of imaging methods 54
X Table of Contents
2.4 How to perform an LV contrast study 56
2.4.1 Fundamental B mode 56
2.4.1.1 Contrast agent dose
2.4.1.2 Image acquisition and interpretation
2.4.1.3 Pitfalls and troubleshooting
2.4.2 Fundamental pulsed wave (PW)Doppler 59
2.4.2.1 Contrast agent dose
2.4.2.2 Image acquisition and interpretation
2.4.2.3 Pitfalls and troubleshooting
2.4.3 Harmonic B mode 63
2.4.3.1 Contrast agent dose
2.4.3.2 Image acquisition and interpretation
2.4.3.3 Pitfalls and troubleshooting
2.4.4 Harmonic imaging of LV thrombi 67
2.4.5 Harmonic colour/power Doppler for LVO 68
2.4.5.1 Continuous imaging for evaluation of LV wall motion
2.4.5.2 Contrast agent dose
2.4.5.3 Image acquisition and interpretation
2.4.5.4 Pitfalls and troubleshooting
2.4.6 Triggered imaging for assessment of end systolic
and end diastolic volumes and ejection fraction 72
2.4.6.1 Contrast agent dose
2.4.6.2 Image acquisition and interpretation
2.4.6.3 Pitfalls and troubleshooting
2.5 Summary 77
2.6 References 78
Chapter 3
Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion by Contrast Echo
3.1 Physiology and pathophysiology of myocardial perfusion 82
3.1.1 Normal perfusion 82
3.1.2 Acute myocardial infarction 83
3.1.3 Chronic ischemic heart disease 83
3.2 Currently available methods for myocardial perfusion imaging 84
3.2.1 Stress ECG 84
3.2.2 Stress echo 84
Table of Contents XI
3.2.3 Coronary flow reserve (CFR) 85
3.2.4 Myocardial scintigraphy 85
3.2.5 Myocardial contrast echo 86
3.3 Indications and selection of methods 86
3.3.1 Indications 86
3.3.2 Selection of patients and contraindications 88
3.3.3 Selection of the imaging method 88
3.3.3.1 Harmonic power Doppler (HPD)
3.3.3.2 Harmonic B Mode
3.3.3.3 Pulse inversion imaging
3.3.3A Power pulse inversion (PPI)
3.4 Special considerations for myocardial contrast 92
3.4.1 Impact of the scanplane 92
3.4.2 Triggered imaging 94
3.4.2.1 Incremental triggered imaging
3.4.2.2 Double or multiple trigger
3.4.2.3 Flash echo
3.4.2.4 Power pulse inversion flash echo
3.4.2.5 Systolic versus diastolic trigger
3.5 Choice of agent and method of administration 97
3.5.1 Continuous infusion versus bolus injection 97
3.5.2 Preparation of contrast infusion 99
3.5.3 Adjustment of infusion rate 99
3.6 Instrument settings 100
3.6.1 Harmonic power Doppler 100
3.6.1.1 Setting the trigger point
3.6.2 Harmonic B mode 103
3.6.3 Pulse inversion imaging 106
3.6.4 Power pulse inversion 108
3.7 Image acquisition 108
3.8 Stress testing during myocardial contrast echo 109
3.8.1 Exercise and dobutamine stress 109
3.8.2 Vasodilator stress 109
3.8.3 Combined assessment of wall motion and myocardial perfusion Ill
3.9 Reading myocardial contrast echocardiograms 112
XII Table of Contents
3.9.1 Visual assessment of unprocessed recordings 112
3.9.1.1 Normal perfusion
3.9.1.2 Perfusion Defect
3.9.2 Visual assessment of post processed recordings 119
3.9.3 Report of visual judgement 119
3.10 Clinical profiles/interpretation of myocardial contrast echo 121
3.10.1 Acute myocardial infarction 121
3.10.2 Scar or fibrosis versus viable myocardium 123
3.10.3 Coronary artery stenosis 124
3.11 Pitfalls and troubleshooting 127
3.11.1 Inadequate myocardial contrast 127
3.11.2 Contrast shadowing 129
3.11.3 Blooming 131
3.11.4 Wall motion artifacts 131
3.11.5 The bubble depletion artifact 133
3.12 Coronary flow reserve and myocardial contrast echo 133
3.12.1 What is coronary flow reserve? 134
3.13 Available methods need for contrast enhancement 134
3.14 Coronary flow reserve: indications and selection of methods 135
3.14.1 Selection of patients 136
3.15 How to perform a CFR study 137
3.15.1 Intravenous lines 137
3.15.2 Contrast agent 137
3.15.3 Protocols to induce hyperemia 137
3.15.4 Image orientation for visualising blood flow in the LAD 139
3.15.5 Instrument settings 139
3.15.6 Combination with myocardial contrast echo (MCE) 141
3.16 Image acquisition and interpretation 142
3.16.1 Significance of an LAD stenosis 143
3.16.2 Follow up of an LAD stenosis after PTCA 143
3.17 Pitfalls and troubleshooting 143
3.17.1 Angle of the vessel to the beam 143
3 17.2 Displacement of the sample volume 144
3.17.3 Flow in mammary artery 144
Table of Contents XIII
3.17.4 Bubble noise 145
3.17.5 Interpretation problems: impact of preload 146
3.17.6 Impact of blood pressure 146
3.17.7 Vasodilation during hyperemia 147
3.18 Summary 147
3.19 References 147
Chapter 4
Methods for quantitative Analysis
4.1 Basic tools for image quantification 1 54
4.1.1 Single image quantification 155
4.1.2 Cineloop quantification 156
4.1.2.1 Reduction of data
4.1.2.2 Positioning Regions of Interest (ROI)
4.1.2.3 Automatic analysis
4.2 Advanced image processing: cases examples 159
4.2.1 Single image quantification 159
4.2.2 Background subtraction 160
4.2.3 Analysing the time course of enhancement 164
4.2.3.1 Intravenous bolus technique
4.2.3.2 Negative bolus technique
4.2.3.3 Real time negative bolus technique
4.3 Summary 170
4.4 References 170
Glossary 172
Index 180
|
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| spelling | Becher, Harald Verfasser aut Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion Harald Becher ; Peter N. Burns Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2000 XV, 184 S. Ill., graph. Darst. : 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Koronarperfusion - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Linke Herzkammer - Funktionsdiagnostik - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Echocardiography Handbooks, manuals, etc Heart Diseases Diagnosis Handbooks, manuals, etc Linke Herzkammer (DE-588)4126506-3 gnd rswk-swf Koronarperfusion (DE-588)4209002-7 gnd rswk-swf Funktionsdiagnostik (DE-588)4121303-8 gnd rswk-swf Kontrast-Echokardiographie (DE-588)4208002-2 gnd rswk-swf Linke Herzkammer (DE-588)4126506-3 s Funktionsdiagnostik (DE-588)4121303-8 s Kontrast-Echokardiographie (DE-588)4208002-2 s DE-604 Koronarperfusion (DE-588)4209002-7 s Burns, Peter N. 1952- Verfasser (DE-588)121791076 aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008894443&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Becher, Harald Burns, Peter N. 1952- Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion Koronarperfusion - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Linke Herzkammer - Funktionsdiagnostik - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Echocardiography Handbooks, manuals, etc Heart Diseases Diagnosis Handbooks, manuals, etc Linke Herzkammer (DE-588)4126506-3 gnd Koronarperfusion (DE-588)4209002-7 gnd Funktionsdiagnostik (DE-588)4121303-8 gnd Kontrast-Echokardiographie (DE-588)4208002-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4126506-3 (DE-588)4209002-7 (DE-588)4121303-8 (DE-588)4208002-2 |
| title | Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion |
| title_auth | Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion |
| title_full | Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion Harald Becher ; Peter N. Burns |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion Harald Becher ; Peter N. Burns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion Harald Becher ; Peter N. Burns |
| title_short | Handbook of contrast echocardiography |
| title_sort | handbook of contrast echocardiography left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion |
| title_sub | left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion |
| topic | Koronarperfusion - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Linke Herzkammer - Funktionsdiagnostik - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Echocardiography Handbooks, manuals, etc Heart Diseases Diagnosis Handbooks, manuals, etc Linke Herzkammer (DE-588)4126506-3 gnd Koronarperfusion (DE-588)4209002-7 gnd Funktionsdiagnostik (DE-588)4121303-8 gnd Kontrast-Echokardiographie (DE-588)4208002-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Koronarperfusion - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Linke Herzkammer - Funktionsdiagnostik - Kontrast-Echokardiographie Echocardiography Handbooks, manuals, etc Heart Diseases Diagnosis Handbooks, manuals, etc Linke Herzkammer Koronarperfusion Funktionsdiagnostik Kontrast-Echokardiographie |
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