Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Rome
FAO
1973
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies
18 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 379 S. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 490 | 1 | |a Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies |v 18 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Forest management | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Forest products industries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pulp and paper industry | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pulpwood | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Paper industry | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1807503374459863040 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
FAO Forestry and Forest Products Studies
No 18
jGUIDE FOR PLANNING
PULP AND PAPER ENTERPRISES
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome 1973
CONTENTS
Foreword xiii
Introduction 1
Purpose of the study 1
The need for economic planning 2
The basic technology of fibre and of pulp and paper 4
Types of papers and paperboards 14
Production and consumption of pulp and paper 16
Integration 18
PART I
Planning functions
1 The planning function 27
The planning study 27
Motivation of the study 29
Governments as entrepreneurs 31
Joint private-public entrepreneurs 32
Steps in the planning sequence 32
Preliminary investigational phase - Preliminary feasibility study phase -
Feasibility study phase - Financing phase - Engineering phase - Mill
construction phase - Operational planning phase - Equipment commis-
sioning phase - Mill startup phase - Runup to capacity phase
VI
GUIDE FOR PLANNING PULP AND PAPER ENTERPRISES
Decision-making 39
Time requirements 42
Appendix to Chapter 1 43
2 The role of engineers and foresters in planning 47
The engineer’s responsibility 48
Engineer’s responsibility during preliminary feasibility stage - Engineer’s
responsibility during full feasibility study stage - Engineer’s responsi-
bility during design engineering and construction stage
Some general engineering criteria 57
Fibrous raw material assessments - Water tests - Ecological considera-
tions: pollution and pollution control - Engineering side studies
The forester’s responsibilities and assignments 68
The wood supply - The general scope of the forester’s activities
The forester’s role 70
Preliminary feasibility stage - Full feasibility study stage
Sustained yields — security of wood supplies 74
Plantation studies
Studies relating to nonwood fibres 75
3 Economic factors of pulpwood supply 77
Source of fibre 78
Plantations 79
Establishment of plantations - Selection of species - Components of
plantation costs - Plantation feasibility studies
Development of forest resources 88
Forest management plans
Cost of wood delivered to the mill 92
Land - Stumpage - Harvesting - Transport - Road construction - Labour
productivity - Overhead - Organization - Capital requirements
4 Market surveys 112
Relating markets and resources 113
Phasing of market studies 115
Market study content
Appendix to Chapter 4 121
CONTENTS
VII
5 The economics of pulp and paper enterprises and financial
analyses 124
Sequence of economic studies 126
The gross, or basic, stage - The net, or detailed, stage - The financial
evaluation stage
Capital costs 129
Components of capital costs 132
Mill construction - Construction supervision and overhead - Preopera-
tional and startup expenses - Interest on capital during construction -
Working capital - Running-in costs - Resource development costs -
Infrastructure and amenity costs - The weight of capital cost components
in total mill investment - Developing capital cost estimates - Foreign
exchange requirements
Production costs 143
Variable costs - Fixed costs - Interest on borrowed money - Pollution
abatement costs
Calculating manufacturing costs 155
Financial evaluations: basic statements and ratios 155
Basic financial statements - Projected profit and loss statement
The projected cash flow statement 163
The discounting concept in financial evaluation 165
Discounted cash flow - Profitability index - Internal rate of return -
Pay-out period (or cash recovery period, or payback period) - Risk
analysis
Appendix to Chapter 5 172
6 Financing 189
Nature of capital 190
Source of capital 192
The domestic capital market - The foreign capital market - Private
capital - Government capital sources - Regional sources of capital -
International agency capital sources
Suggestions to the entrepreneur for obtaining funds 198
7 Marketing 200
Marketing aspects of enterprise development 200
Developing the marketing plan - Methods of distribution
VIII
GUIDE FOR PLANNING PULP AND PAPER ENTERPRISES
The marketing of pulp 208
Methods of distribution - Choosing a distributor or agent
Meeting competition 214
Export markets 215
PART II
Technical information on raw materials
and pulp and paper manufacture
8 Fibrous raw materials 219
Criteria of suitability of fibre resources 223
Wood 227
Pulpwood species - Species process preferences - Mixed species process-
ing - Tropical hardwoods - Plantation wood - Wood residues
Bamboo 240
Bamboo supply - Cost of bamboo harvesting - Bamboo pulp and paper
Bagasse 247
Bagasse supply - Bagasse pulp and paper - An integrated bagasse pulp
and paper enterprise
Straw 254
Straw supply - Straw pulp and paper
Other annual plant fibres 258
Esparto - Sabai grass
Reeds 260
Papyrus - Flax
Rags and cotton linters 263
Wastepaper 266
9 Nonfibrous raw materials 270
Water 270
Fuel, steam and power 272
Other consumed materials 273
CONTENTS
IX
Paper-making chemical additives 274
Pulping chemicals 275
Bleaching chemicals 276
10 Paper pulp manufacture 283
Classification of pulping processes 288
Pulp production 292
Pulp mill description 292
Wood handling and preparation 295
Mechanical pulping 296
Chemimechanical and semichemical pulping 302
Chemical pulping 302
11 Dissolving pulp manufacture 307
Classification and quality requirements 310
Viscose pulp - Acetate pulp - Nitration and other dissolving pulps
Dissolving pulp manufacture 315
Fibrous raw materials - Pulping and purification - Cotton linters puri-
fication - Technical control, sales service and research
12 Paper manufacture 322
Classification of papers 325
Classification of paper and paperboard
General description of paper mills 329
Appendix
Description of some typical pulp and paper mills 337
Appendix tables
1 Conversion factors 364
2 World production, trade and consumption of wood pulp
and other fibre pulp, by region and country, 1969 366
X
GUIDE FOR PLANNING PULP AND PAPER ENTERPRISES
3 World production, trade and consumption of paper and Tipped
paperboard, by region and country, 1969 in
4 Coniferous (softwood) species used for pulp and paper 370
5 Deciduous (broadleaved hardwood) species used for pulp
and paper 372
6 Principal bamboo species used for pulp and paper 374
References |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
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| dewey-search | 338.4/7/676091724 |
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| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Handwerk und Gewerbe / Verschiedene Technologien Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-16T00:52:24Z |
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| language | English |
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| physical | XV, 379 S. |
| publishDate | 1973 |
| publishDateSearch | 1973 |
| publishDateSort | 1973 |
| publisher | FAO |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies |
| series2 | Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies |
| spelling | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises Rome FAO 1973 XV, 379 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies 18 Forest management Forest products industries Pulp and paper industry Pulpwood Paper industry FAO Sonstige (DE-588)2010460-1 oth Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies 18 (DE-604)BV004845022 18 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008796248&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises Food and Agriculture Organization: FAO forestry and forest products studies Forest management Forest products industries Pulp and paper industry Pulpwood Paper industry |
| title | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_auth | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_exact_search | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_full | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_fullStr | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_full_unstemmed | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_short | Guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| title_sort | guide for planning pulp and paper enterprises |
| topic | Forest management Forest products industries Pulp and paper industry Pulpwood Paper industry |
| topic_facet | Forest management Forest products industries Pulp and paper industry Pulpwood Paper industry |
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