Verfügbarkeit: Environmental law

Environmental law:

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2000
Ausgabe:	1. publ.
Schlagworte:	Environmental law - England Environmental law - Wales Environnement - Droit - Grande-Bretagne Milieurecht Environmental law > Great Britain Umweltrecht Großbritannien
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	CLV, 988 S.
ISBN:	0198260083

Internformat

MARC


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245	1	0	\|a Environmental law \|c general ed. David Woolley ...
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650		4	\|a Environmental law - Wales
650		4	\|a Environnement - Droit - Grande-Bretagne
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650		4	\|a Environmental law -- Great Britain
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Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1804127558936035328
adam_text	CONTENTS TABLES OF CASES TABLES OF LEGISLATION IXIII ABBREVIATIONS C ]JJJ PART ITHE FRAMEWORK 1. THE HISTORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW A. INTRODUCTION 1.01 B. THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC OF 1831 1.02 THE WRITING OF THE REPORT ON THE EPIDEMIC 1.03 THE REPORT S CONCLUSIONS 1.04 C. THE PUBLIC HEALTH ACT 1848 1.14 THE SCHEME OF THE ACT 1.16 BOARDS OF HEALTH 1.17 DRAINS AND SEWERS 1.18 STREET AND HOUSE CLEANSING 1.21 RIVERS AND SEWERS 1.22 SANITATION AND OVERCROWDING 1.23 THE DEFECTS OF THE ACT 1.24 THE STATE OF THE STREETS 1.27 DRAINAGE OF DWELLINGS 1.28 D. THE PUBLIC HEALTH ACT 1875 THE SCHEME OF THE ACT 1.29 DRAINAGE OF BUILDINGS 1.30 DISPOSAL AND TREATMENT OF SEWAGE 1.31 WATER SUPPLIES 1.32 CELLARS AND LODGING HOUSES 1.34 STATUTORY NUISANCES 1.35 SLUMS 1.36 DISEASES AND HOSPITALS 1.37 BURIAL OF THE DEAD 1.39 E. WATER POLLUTION INTRODUCTION 1.41 REFUSE IN WATERCOURSES 1.42 XI CONTENTS F G. H. I. I. PROSECUTIONS DEFENCES UNIT HOUSING HOUSING ACT 1890 INTRODUCTION PROCEDURE UNDER THE ACT CLEARING THE SLUMS COMPULSORY PURCHASE UNFIT HOUSES TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING INTRODUCTION THE MECHANISM OF THE ACT OF 1909 ENFORCEMENT SOCIAL CHANGES 1918-1939 TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING ACT 1932 DEVELOPMENT CONTROLDEVELOPMENT ORDERS BUILDINGS OF ARCHITECTURAL OR HISTORIC INTEREST COMPENSATION FOR PLANNING DECISIONS MODERN DEVELOPMENTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW INTRODUCTION TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING ACT 1947 THE NATIONAL PARKS AND ACCESS TO THE COUNTRYSIDE ACT 1949 THE CLEAN AIR ACTS WASTES NOISE AIR POLLUTION THE INTEERATED AODROACHMODERN LEGISLATION 1.43 1.44 1.45 1.54 1.55 1.56 1.57 1.58 1.60 1.63 1.65 1.66 1.69 1.71 1.72 1.73 1.75 1.76 1.77 1.78 1.79 1.83 1.84 1.85 2. THE STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND REGULATION A. INTRODUCTION 2.01 B. THE STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK PARTITHE FRAMEWORK 2.05 PART IITHE UK REGULATORY SYSTEM 2.08 PART IIITHE ROLE OF TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING 2.22 PART TV-* THE COMMON LAW 2.24 PART V-ENFORCEMENT AND LITIGATION 2.26 C. THE MAIN ACTS 2.33 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1990 (EPA 1990) 2.34 THE WATER RESOURCES ACT 1991 AND THE WATER INDUSTRY ACT 1991 2.35 ENVIRONMENT ACT 1995 2.36 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS 2.37 HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK 2.38 ALTERNATIVES TO REGULATION 2.39 XN CONTENTS D. THE DIFFERENT JURISDICTIONS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM ENGLAND AND WALES 2.41 SCOTLAND 2.42 NORTHERN IRELAND 2.45 THE INFLUENCE OF OTHER JURISDICTIONS 2.47 E. THE RESPONSIBLE PUBLIC AUTHORITIES THE ROLE OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT 2.50 THE LOCAL AUTHORITIES 2.53 OTHER PUBLIC BODIES AND EXECUTIVE AGENCIES 2.54 F. THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE AGENCY 2.59 THE SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES INHERITED BY THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 2.63 THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY S PRINCIPAL AIM AND OBJECTIVES 2.68 THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY S GENERAL FUNCTIONS 2.72 THE FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS ON DECISIONS MADE BY THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 2.77 3. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW A. INTRODUCTION 3.01 B. INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE ENVIRONMENT 3.02 THE RELEVANCE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW WITHIN THE UK 3.04 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND OTHER GENERAL PRINCIPLES 3.09 C. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS THE RELEVANCE OF THE EARTH SUMMIT 3.12 INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND THE ENVIRONMENT 3.16 MARINE POLLUTION 3.17 AIR POLLUTION 3.18 TRANS-FRONTIER TRADE IN WASTE 3.21 NATURE CONSERVATION AND THE PROTECTION OF WILDLIFE 3.22 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND THE ENVIRONMENT 3.24 4. EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW A. INTRODUCTION 4.01 THE HISTORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND THE COMMON MARKET 4.02 THE CURRENT FRAMEWORK AND AIMS OFEUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 4.07 EUROPEAN POLICY DOCUMENTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT 4.09 THE DIFFERENT TYPES OFEUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION 4.12 THE AREAS COVERED BY EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION 4.17 THE EUROPEAN UNION AND HUMAN RIGHTS 4.18 B. THE IMPLEMENTATION OFEUROPEAN LAW IN THE UK THE CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS OFEUROPEAN LAW 4.19 THE NEED FOR NATIONAL COURTS TO REFER QUESTIONS TO THE EC] UNDER ARTICLE 234 ALL XIII CONTENTS THE INTERPRETATION OF UK LAW IN THE LIGHT OF EUROPEAN LAW INDIRECT EFFECT DIRECTIVES: THE DOCTRINE OF DIRECT EFFECT THE USE OF THE PRINCIPLES OF EUROPEAN LAW IN THE UK COURTS C. EUROPEAN REMEDIES FOR INDIVIDUAL LITIGANTS INDIVIDUAL REMEDIES: JUDICIAL REVIEW INDIVIDUAL REMEDIES: DAMAGES AGAINST THE STATE INDIVIDUAL REMEDIES: DEFENCE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS D. EUROPEAN LAW AT THE EUROPEAN LEVEL THE STRUCTURE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS INSTITUTIONS THE EFFECT OF SUBSIDIARITY INFRACTION PROCEEDINGS AGAINST THE UK CHALLENGING COMMUNITY LEGISLATIONDIRECT ACTIONS 5. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION A. THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INTRODUCTION PUBLIC APPREHENSION THE PUBLIC INTEREST PROGRESSTHE CHANGE OF CLIMATE B. NUCLEAR WASTE THE ROYAL SOCIETY C. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATIONGENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION THE ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION REGULATIONS THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT (ACCESS TO INFORMATION) ACT 1985 D. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT LAND TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT APPEALS UNDER THE TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNINGACTS WASTE CONTAMINATION REGISTERS OF CONTAMINATED LAND E. INFORMATION ABOUT AIR POLLUTION F. INFORMATION ABOUT WATER THE REGISTERS THE CONTENT OF THE REGISTERS GATHERING INFORMATION PUBLICITY G. INTEGRATED POLLUTION CONTROL H. INFORMATION ABOUT RADIOACTIVITY NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS OTHER PREMISES 4.22 4.24 4.30 4.33 4.34 4.38 4.40 4.41 4.47 4.49 4.51 5.01 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.17 5.22 5.26 5.33 5.34 5.37 5.39 5.47 5.48 5.49 5.50 5.52 5.54 5.55 5.56 XIV CONTENTS I. INFORMATION ON MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS 5.57 J. THE POWERS OF INSPECTORS ENVIRONMENT AGENCY INSPECTORS 5.59 OBSTRUCTION OF INSPECTORS 5.60 POWERS OF ENTRY 5.61 EMERGENCIES 5.64 IMMUNITY OF INSPECTORS 5.65 PART IITHE UK REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 6. INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL: IPC, APC AND IPPC A. INTRODUCTION A SHORT HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL 6.01 THE CURRENT SYSTEM 6.02 B. INTEGRATED POLLUTION CONTROL AND PART A(L) INTEGRATED POLLUTION PREVENTION CONTROL THE REGULATORY BODIES 6.08 THOSE WHO ARE SUBJECT TO IPC AND IPPC 6.10 THE LIMITS OFLPCANDTHE BREADTH OF IPPC 6.25 C. THE CHANGEOVER FROM IPC TO IPPC: TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS 6.32 D. THE AUTHORIZATION AND THE PERMIT IPC AUTHORIZATION AND IPPC PERMIT PROCEDURE: THE APPLICATION 6.38 IPC AUTHORIZATION AND IPPC PERMIT PROCEDURE: ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF APPLICATION 6.41 IPC AUTHORIZATION AND IPPC PERMIT PROCEDURE: CONSULTATION 6.44 IPC AUTHORIZATION AND IPPC PERMIT PROCEDURE: THE DETERMINING BODY 6.49 IPC AUTHORIZATION AND IPPC PERMIT PROCEDURES: THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DECISION 6.53 THE IPC AUTHORIZATION: THE CONDITIONS AND OBJECTIVES TO BE MET 6.59 THE IPPC PERMIT: THE CONDITIONS AND OBJECTIVES TO BE MET 6.84 THE CONTENT OF AN APPLICATION FOR AN IPC AUTHORIZATION OR AN IPPCPERMIT 6.98 IPC AND IPPC APPLICATIONS: THE TIME LIMITS FOR DETERMINATION 6.99 ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAGENCYAUTHORIZATION PROCEDURES 6.102 E. VARIATION, TRANSFER, REVIEW, AND REVOCATION OF IPC AUTHORIZATIONS AND IPPC PERMITS AND THE SURRENDER OF IPPC PERMITS VARIATIONS OF IPC AUTHORIZATIONS AND IPPC PERMITS BY RELEVANT AUTHORITY 6.103 XV CONTENTS APPLICATIONS FOR VARIATION OFIPC AUTHORIZATIONS AND IPPC PERMITS BY THE OPERATOR 6.112 TRANSFER OF AUTHORIZATIONS: IPC AND IPPC 6.117 REVIEW OF IPC AUTHORIZATIONS AND IPPC PERMITS 6.119 REVOCATION OF IPC AUTHORIZATIONS AND IPPC PERMITS 6.123 SURRENDERING IPPC PERMITS 6.126 FEES AND CHARGES 6.128 F. APPEALS THE RIGHT OF APPEAL: IPC AND IPPC 6.132 THE DATE FOR APPEALING 6.135 THE EFFECT OF AN APPEAL IN IPC AND IPPC SYSTEMS 6.136 APPEAL PROCEDURE FOR IPC AND IPPC 6.137 G. ENFORCEMENT OF THE IPC AND IPPC REGIMES INTRODUCTION 6.151 THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY S ENFORCEMENT POLICY IN RESPECT OF IPC AND IPPC 6.152 THE ENFORCING AUTHORITY S INVESTIGATIVE POWERS IN IPC AND IPPC 6.155 PROHIBITORY NOTICES IN IPC AND IPPC 6.159 DIRECT ACTION 6.178 OFFENCES 6.184 COURT ORDERS 6.215 CROWN IMMUNITY FROM IPC AND IPPC PROSECUTIONS 6.223 H. LOCAL AUTHORITY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL (APC) AND LOCAL AUTHORITY IPPC CONTROL (LAIPPC) INTRODUCTION: APCAND LAIPPC 6.224 THE AMBIT OF THE LOCAL ENFORCING AUTHORITY S CONTROL UNDER APC ANDLAIPPC 6.226 DETERMINATION OF APC AND LAIPPC APPLICATIONS 6.232 I. REGISTERS THE INFORMATION ON THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY AND LOCAL AUTHORITY REGISTERS 6.246 THE EXCLUSION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY AND LOCAL AUTHORITY REGISTERS OF INFORMATION AFFECTING NATIONAL SECURITY 6.249 THE EXCLUSION OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY AND LOCAL AUTHORITY REGISTERS 6.252 THE RESULT OF EXCLUSION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY AND LOCAL AUTHORITY REGISTERS 6.256 IPPC REGISTERS 6 257 J. OTHER ASPECTS OF AIR CONTROL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS 6.258 XVI K CONTENTS 7. WASTE MANAGEMENT A. INTRODUCTION 7.01 B. WASTETHE DEFINITIONS 7.03 CONTROLLED WASTE 7.08 THE CONTROLLED WASTE REGULATIONSHOUSEHOLD WASTE 7.10 REMOVAL OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE 7.13 HOLIDAY HOUSES AND CARAVANS 7.16 RECYCLABLE AND NON-RECYCLABLE WASTE 7.17 SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND RACING STABLES 7.18 MISCELLANEOUS WASTE AND REMOVAL CHARGES 7.19 INDUSTRIAL WASTE 7.20 SEWAGE 7.21 CLINICAL WASTE 7.22 WASTE FROM AIRCRAFT, VEHICLES, AND VESSELS 7.23 OFFENSIVE WASTE 7.24 OIL, SOLVENTS, AND SCRAP METAL 7.25 COMMERCIAL WASTE 7.26 EXEMPTION FOR PUBLIC BODIES 7.28 SPECIAL WASTE 7.30 SPECIAL WASTECOMPOUNDS 7.35 EXPLOSIVES 7.36 DIRECTIVE WASTE 7.37 C. A NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR WASTE INTRODUCTION 7.39 THE STRATEGY 7.40 THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF WASTE 7.42 D. WASTE MANAGEMENTTHE DUTY OF CARE INTRODUCTION 7 A3 PERSONS UNDER THE DUTY OF CARE 7.44 EXEMPTIONS FROM THE DUTY OF CARE 7.49 E. WASTE LICENSING THE PREVIOUS REGIME 7.51 THE PRESENT REGIME 7.52 F. ENFORCEMENT INTRODUCTION 7.56 77/ ? MACHINERY OF ENFORCEMENT 7.57 REGISTERS 7.58 G. OBTAINING A WASTE MANAGEMENT LICENCE INTRODUCTION* F K DEPOSIT OF CONTROLLED WASTE 7.59 CAUSING OR PERMITTING 7.60 POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND HARM TO HEALTH 7.61 DEFE ENCES 7.62 XVU CONTENTS HOUSEHOLD WASTE 7.63 EXEMPTIONS FOR INCINERATION AND BURNING 7.67 MISCELLANEOUS EXEMPTIONS .68 FLY-TIPPING 7.69 THE RIGHT TO A LICENCE THE RELATIONSHIP TO TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING 7.71 FITNESS TO HOLD A LICENCE 7.74 CONDITIONS OF A LICENCE 7.78 APPEALS 7.80 H. THE DUTY OF CARE INTRODUCTION 7.82 TRANSFER NOTES 7.83 THE CODE OF PRACTICE 7.84 CARRIERS 7.85 BREACH OF THE DUTY OF CARE 7.87 VARIATION, TRANSFER, SURRENDER, AND REVOCATION OF LICENCES 7.88 TRANSFERS 7.90 REVOCATION 7-93 SURRENDER 7.95 MOBILE PLANT LICENCES 7.97 CLOSED LANDFILL SITES 7.98 I. WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL COLLECTION 7.99 W 7.103 8. RADIOACTIVE AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES, AND GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS A. INTRODUCTION 8.01 I. RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES INTRODUCTION NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONSLICENSING CONDITIONS OF A LICENCE THE CURRENCY OF A LICENCE SURRENDER AND REVOCATION COMPENSATION FOR BREACH OF DUTY UNDER THE NLA RESTRICTIONS ON THE RIGHT TO COMPENSATION JURISDICTION OVER CLAIMS TO COMPENSATION ADDITIONAL SANCTIONS RADIOACTIVITY AND CONGENITAL DISEASE C. RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS AND WASTE INTRODUCTION EXEMPTIONS FROM REGISTRATION REGISTRATION PROCEDURE 8.02 8.04 8.05 8.07 8.08 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.21 8.22 XV1U CONTENTS APPEALS 8.23 MOBILE RADIOACTIVE APPARATUS 8.24 CANCELLATION AND VARIATION OF REGISTRATION 8.25 RADIOACTIVE WASTE 8.26 ENFORCEMENT 8.27 TRANSPORT OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL 8.29 D. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCESTHE PLANNING (HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES) ACT 1990 INTRODUCTION 8.31 DEFINITIONS 8.33 KEEPING HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES 8.34 EXEMPTIONS FROM CONSENT 8.35 DEEMED CONSENT 8.37 APPLYING FOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES CONSENTHAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AUTHORITIES 8.38 CONSULTATION 8.40 DETERMINING THE APPLICATION 8.41 ^M& 8.42 AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION OF CONSENTS 8.43 REVOCATION AND MODIFICATION OF CONSENTS 8.45 COMPENSATION 8.46 ZFE- POWERS OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE 8.49 ENFORCEMENT OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES CONTROL 8.51 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES CONTRAVENTION NOTICES 8.53 APPEALS AGAINST CONTRAVENTION NOTICES 8.55 OTHER SANCTIONS AGAINST BREACHES OF CONTROL 8.58 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 8.59 E. GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS INTRODUCTION 8.61 THE USES OF GENETIC MODIFICATION 8.63 GMOSTHE DEFINITION 8.65 GMOSTHE SYSTEM OF CONTROL 8.69 IMPORTATION, ACQUISITION, RELEASE, AND MARKETING OF GMOS 8.70 NOTIFICATION 8.72 POLKING THE CONTROL OF GMOS 8.73 SANCTIONS 8.75 GMOSMISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 8.78 GMOSHEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK 8.79 9. RIVERS AND WATERWAYS A. RIVERS AND WATERWAYSAN INTRODUCTION R/TF ENVIRONMENT AGENCY AND ITS DUTIES AND POWERS 9.01 W&FER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 9.18 77 SECRETARY OF STATE S ROLE IN LICENSING 9.32 THE CONTENTS OF LICENCES 9.38 XTX CONTENTS THE EFFECT OF A LICENCE SUCCESSION TO LICENCES MODIFICATION OF LICENCES COMPENSATION PROVISIONS B. DROUGHT ORDINARY DROUGHT ORDER EMERGENCY DROUGHT ORDER RESTRICTING THE USE OF WATER EFFECT ON INLAND NAVIGATIONS WORKS COMPENSATION DROUGHT PERMITS OFFENCES C. CONTROL OF POLLUTION OF WATER RESOURCES WATER QUALITY POLLUTION OFFENCES STATUTORY DEFENCES D. LAND DRAINAGE INTRODUCTION INTERNAL DRAINAGE BOARDS DRAINAGE POWERS FINANCIAL PROVISIONS 10. THE WATER INDUSTRY A. ORGANIZATION OF THE WATER INDUSTRY HISTORICAL BACKGROUND THE PRIVATIZED WATER INDUSTRY B. REGULATION OF THE WATER INDUSTRY GENERAL DUTIES UNDER THE WIA 1991 APPOINTMENT OF UNDERTAKERS MERGERS AND ANTI-COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOUR COMPLAINTS ENFORCEMENT REVIEW AND INFORMATION C. WATER UNDERTAKERS STATUTORY DUTIES OF WATER UNDERTAKERS DUTIES WITH REGARD TO DOMESTIC SUPPLIES DUTIES WITH REGARD TO NON-DOMESTIC SUPPLIES DISCONNECTIONS QUALITY OF SUPPLY LOCAL AUTHORITY FUNCTIONS CONTAMINATION AND WASTE D. SEWERAGE UNDERTAKERS GENERAL DUTIES 9.40 R / T 9.41 9.42 9.49 9.52 9.54 9.59 9.62 9.63 9.64 9.65 9.66 9.72 9.76 9.81 9.102 9.118 9.120 9.123 9.129 10.02 10.07 10.14 10.15 10.24 10.34 10.38 10.41 10.55 10.63 10.69 10.85 10.91 10.96 10.103 10.108 10.111 10.112 XX CONTENTS SEWERAGE SERVICES 10 118 POWERS RELATING TO EXISTING APPARATUS 10.129 LOCAL AUTHORITY FUNCTIONS 10.138 TRADE EFFLUENT 10.139 TREATMENT 10 155 E. UNDERTAKERS WORKS 10.161 WORKS POWERS 10.162 RIGHTS OVER LAND 10.173 VESTING OF WORKS AND MAPS 10.179 F. CHARGES 10.182 11. MARINE POLLUTION A. INTRODUCTION 02 B. THE LAW OF THE SEA CUSTOMARY LAW, TERRITORIAL SEA, AND THE CONTINENTAL SHELF 11.04 CODIFICATION AND UNCLOS 11.08 IMPLEMENTATION OF CONVENTIONS BY THE UNITED KINGDOM 11.15 ENFORCEMENT OF POLLUTION CONTROLS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW 11.22 C. TYPES OF POLLUTION 11.32 OIL FROM SHIPS 11.33 OTHER NOXIOUS MATERIAL FROM SHIPS 11.34 DUMPING AT SEA 11.35 SEABED ACTIVITIES 11.36 LAND BASED SOURCES OF POLLUTION 11.37 D. OIL POLLUTION FROM SHIPS INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 11.38 UNITED KINGDOM LEGISLATION 11.50 OFFENCES RELATING TO THE DISCHARGE OF OIL 11.54 OTHER OIL POLLUTION OFFENCES 11.80 CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS 11.85 MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS 11.98 IMPROVEMENT AND PROHIBITION NOTICES 11.102 INTERVENTION POWERS 11.103 E. CIVIL LIABILITY FOR OIL POLLUTION FROM SHIPS INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 11.110 UNITED KINGDOM LEGISLATION 11.117 CIVIL LIABILITY FOR ESCAPES OF PERSISTENT OIL UNDER THE 1969 LIABILITY CONVENTIONSECTIONS 152170 OF SCHEDULE 4 OF THE MERCHANT SHIPPING ACT 1995 11.119 THE COMPENSATION FUND UNDER THE 1971 FUND CONVENTION* SECTIONS 172181 OF SCHEDULE 4 OF THE MERCHANT SHIPPING ACT 1995 11.132 XXI CONTENTS CIVIL LIABILITY FOR ESCAPES OF OIL UNDER THE 1992 PROTOCOL TO THE LIABILITY CONVENTIONSECTIONS 152170 OF THE MERCHANT SHIPPING ACT 1995 11.139 THE COMPENSATION FUND UNDER THE 1992 PROTOCOL TO THE FUND CONVENTIONSECTIONS 172-181 OF THE MAIN BODY OF THE MERCHANT SHIPPING ACT 1995 11.149 F. OTHER POLLUTION FROM SHIPS 11.152 ANNEX II OFMARPOLPOLLUTION BY NOXIOUS LIQUIDS CARRIED IN BULK 11.153 ANNEX III OFMARPOLHARMFUL SUBSTANCES CARRIED BY SEA IN PACKAGED FORMS 11.156 ANNEX PVOFMARPOLPOLLUTION BY SEWAGE 11.157 ANNEX VOFMARPOLPOLLUTION BY GARBAGE 11.158 1973 PROTOCOL TO THE INTERVENTION CONVENTIONINTERVENTION POWERS 11.161 PROTOCOL I OFMARPOLREPORTING OF POLLUTION INCIDENTS 11.162 LIABILITY FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE CARRIAGE OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES BY SEA 11.163 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS 11.164 G. DUMPING AT SEA INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 11 167 UNITED KINGDOM LAW 11 177 H. POLLUTION FROM SEABED ACTIVITIES INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 11 191 UNITED KINGDOM LAW 11 194 I. POLLUTION FROM LAND BASED SOURCES INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 11 201 UNITED KINGDOM LAW ^ 205 12. NATURE CONSERVATION A. INTRODUCTION 12 01 B. THE ORGANIZATION OF NATURE CONSERVATION GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 12 02 THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY 12 12 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 12 13 C. INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS 12 37 THE CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE ( WORLD HERITAGE SITES ) 12.38 THE RAMSAR CONVENTION ON WETLANDS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE ( THE RAMSAR CONVENTION) 12 39 THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES ( THE COTES CONVENTION ) 12 40 XXTI CONTENTS THE BERN CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF EUROPEAN WILDLIFE AND NATURAL HABITATS ( THE BERN CONVENTION) 12.41 THE BONN CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF MIGRATORY SPECIES OF WILD ANIMALS 12.42 EC COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON THE CONSERVATION OF WILD BIRDS ( THE BIRDS DIRECTIVE) 12.43 EC COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON THE ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF CERTAIN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PROJECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT 12.44 EC COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON THE CONSERVATION OF NATURAL HABITATS AND OF WILD FLORA AND FAUNA ( THE HABITATS DIRECTIVE) 12.46 THE RIO CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ( THE BIODIVERSITY CONVENTION) 12.47 D. HABITAT CONSERVATION INTRODUCTION 12.51 RAMSAR SITES 12.55 BIOGENETIC RESERVES 12.57 BIOSPHERE RESERVES 12.58 SPECIAL PROTECTION AREAS (SPAS) 12.59 SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION (SACS) 12.60 THE HABITATS REGULATIONS 12.61 NATIONAL NATURE RESERVES (NNRS) 12.66 MARINE NATURE RESERVES (MNRS) 12.71 SITES OF SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC INTEREST (SSSIS) 12.73 LIMESTONE PAVEMENTS 12.85 AREAS OF SPECIAL PROTECTION (AOSPS) 12.86 LOCALNATURE RESERVES (LNRS) 12.87 SITES OF NATURE CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE OR INTEREST (SNCIS) 12.88 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS (ESAS) 12.89 NITRATE SENSITIVE AREAS (NSAS) 12.90 HABITAT SCHEME WATER FRINGE AREAS (WFAS) 12.91 NATIONAL PARKS 12.92 THE NORFOLK AND SUFFOLK BROADS 12.93 THE NEW FOREST HERITAGE AREA 12.94 AREAS OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY (AONBS) 12.95 GREEN BELTS 1296 E. SPECIES PROTECTION INTRODUCTION 12.97 EVALUATION PROCEDURES 12.98 CONSERVATION OF BIRDS 12.100 PROTECTION OF OTHER WILD ANIMALS 12.107 PROTECTION OF FISH 12.119 PROTECTION OF INDIVIDUAL WILD PLANTS 12.122 TREES AND WOODLANDS 12.125 XXLLL CONTENTS IMPORTANT HEDGEROWS 12.134 PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES 12.137 13. CONTAMINATED LAND A. INTRODUCTION 13.02 B. RELEVANT AREAS OF LAW 13-05 TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING 13.06 BUILDING REGULATIONS 13.09 POWERS TO ABATE NUISANCE ETC 13.10 SECTION 215 OF THE TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING ACT 1990 13.17 WASTE 13.18 WATER 13.22 INTEGRATED POLLUTION CONTROL 13.26 CIVIL LIABILITY 13.28 GUIDANCE FROM THE INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE ON THE REDEVELOPMENT OF CONTAMINATED LAND 13.34 C. SECTION 57 OF THE ENVIRONMENT ACT 1995 BACKGROUND 13.37 DEFINITION OF CONTAMINATED LAND 13.47 IDENTIFICATION OF CONTAMINATED LAND 13.55 RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF REMEDIATION NOTICES 13.68 THE APPROPRIATE PERSON 13.77 HIERARCHY OF LIABILITY 13.95 REMEDIATION NOTICES 13.109 INFORMATION AND REPORTS 13.134 14. MISCELLANEOUS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS A. INTRODUCTION 14.01 B. POLLUTION OF THE AIR ALKALI WORKS 14.02 CLEAN AIR ACTS 14.03 THE RINGELMANN CHART 14.04 PREVENTION MEASURESINDUSTRIAL FURNACES 14.05 PREVENTION MEASURESDOMESTIC FURNACES 14.06 MONITORING 14.07 THE HEIGHT OF CHIMNEYS 14.09 SMOKE CONTROL AREAS 14.10 CREATING A SMOKE CONTROL AREA 14.11 SMOKE CONTROL AREASOFFENCES 14.13 BURNING UNAUTHORIZED FUELS 14.14 ADAPTATION OF EXISTING FURNACES AND FIREPLACES 14.16 MOTOR FUEL AND AIR POLLUTION 14.19 THE LEAD CONTENT OF PETROL 14.20 XXIV CONTENTS THE LEAD CONTENT OF DIESEL CABLE BURNING RESEARCH INTO AIR POLLUTION RECORDS AND RETURNS NOTICES CONNECTED WITH RESEARCH AND PUBLICITY MINES AND QUARRIES VESSELS RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENTS THE CROWN ADMINISTRATION CORPORATIONS, OCCUPIERS OF PREMISES, AND POWERS OF ENTRY CONCLUSION C. NOISE POLLUTIONCONSTRUCTION SITES CONTROL OF WORKS SANCTIONS SECTION 61 CONSENT D. LOUDSPEAKERS IN STREETS THE CONTROLS RELAXATION OF CONTROL RELAXATION OF CONTROLPROCEDURE E. NOISE ABATEMENT ZONES INTRODUCTIONDECLARING A NOISE ABATEMENT ZONE THE CONTROLS THE REGISTER OF NOISE LEVELS REDUCTIONS IN NOISE LEVELS F. NOISE FROM PLANT OR MACHINERY G. AIRCRAFT NOISE INTRODUCTION CONTROL BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR TRANSPORT H. NOISEMOTOR CYCLES THE MISCHIEF EXEMPTIONS FROM CONTROL I. BURGLAR ALARMS J. IMPLEMENTATION OF EU DIRECTIVES ON NOISE 14.21 14.22 14.23 14.24 14.26 14.28 14.29 14.30 14.31 14.32 14.33 14.34 14.35 14.36 14.37 14.38 14.39 14.40 14.41 14.42 14.43 14.44 14.47 14.48 14.49 14.51 14.52 14.53 14.54 PART IIITHE ROLE OF TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING 15. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANNING CONTROL AND POLLUTION CONTROL A. INTRODUCTION 15.01 B. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANNING AND POLLUTION CONTROLS THE LEGAL OVERLAP 15.03 XXV CONTENTS PPG 23 AND THE POLICY APPROACH TO THE OVERLAPPING CONTROLS 15-07 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE PLANNING SYSTEM 15-11 C. AN OUTLINE OF THE TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING REGIME THE STATUTORY FRAMEWORK OF TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING LAW 5- A THE PLANNING AUTHORITIES 15-15 THE REQUIREMENT TO OBTAIN PLANNING PERMISSION 15-18 THE DETERMINATION OF APPLICATIONS FOR PLANNING PERMISSION 15-21 PLANNING APPEALS 15.32 PLANNING ENFORCEMENT POWERS 15-35 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AND REGIMES 15.37 D. THE ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS INTRODUCTION 15.43 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTENT OF DEVELOPMENT PLANS 15.46 DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND WASTE 15.50 POLLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS 15.57 SPECIAL CASES 15.58 E. PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR SPECIFIC TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT PART 1 OF THE EPA 1990 AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 15.62 WASTE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 15.64 NUISANCE AND THE EFFECT OF PLANNING PERMISSION 15.69 NOISE AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 15.70 DEVELOPMENT OF CONTAMINATED LAND 15.71 16. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT A. INTRODUCTION 16 01 WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT? 16.05 B. THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK THE PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 16.07 THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DIRECTIVE IN UK LAW 16.09 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DIRECTIVES AND UK LAW 16.14 C. WHEN IS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REQUIRED? THE PROJECT TO BE ASSESSED 1618 IDENTIFYING A PROJECT AS EIA DEVELOPMENT 6.23 SCHEDULE 1 DEVELOPMENT 16 26 SCHEDULE 2 DEVELOPMENT 16 27 D. DECIDING WHETHER AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IS REQUIRED THE INITIAL SCREENING 16 37 THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON OTHER COUNTRIES 16.41 E. THE CONTENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT THE PRESCRIBED CONTENTS ^ 42 XXVI CONTENTS F. POSSIBLE CHALLENGES PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 16.48 REASONS FOR THE DECISION 16.50 CHALLENGES THROUGH THE COURTS 16.51 PART IVTHE COMMON LAW 17. COMMON LAW LIABILITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE A. INTRODUCTION 17-01 THE RISKS OF CIVIL LITIGATION 17.04 THE COSTS OF CIVIL LITIGATION 17.06 B. THE LAW OF NUISANCE INTRODUCTION 17-08 WHO MAY SUE IN NUISANCE? 17.10 THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE NUISANCE 17.11 NUISANCE BY CAUSING DAMAGE OR ENCROACHMENT 17.14 NUISANCE BY INTERFERENCE WITH THE ENJOYMENT OF LAND 17.15 FORESEEABILITY IN NUISANCE 17.19 STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION AS A DEFENCE 17.23 PRESCRIPTION AS A DEFENCE TO A NUISANCE ACTION 17.27 PUBLIC NUISANCE 17.28 STATUTORY NUISANCE 17.30 C. THE RULE IN RYLANDS V FLETCHER 17.32 RYLANDS V FLETCHER IN MODERN TIMESTHE CAMBRIDGE WATER COMPANY CASE * 7.33 THE DEFENCE OF NATURAL USE 17.35 D. NEGLIGENCE J 7.37 BREACH OF THE DUTY OF CARE 1739 FORESEEABILITY IN NEGLIGENCE 7.41 LIABILITY FOR NEGLIGENT OMISSIONS 17.45 E. TRESPASS L7M F. BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY THE OCCUPIERS LIABILITY ACTS 1 7.48 BREACHES OF GENERAL STATUTORY DUTIES 17.49 G. LIABILITY FOR A BREACH OF PROPERTY OR CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS BREACHES OF COVENANTS 1751 RIGHTS TO WATER 1752 CONTRACTUAL LIABILITIES I/ - : 0 H. CIVIL LIABILITY OF THE REGULATORY AUTHORITIES GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 1 7.56 DAMAGES FOR MALADMINISTRATION 17.57 BREACH OF A STATUTORY DUTY 1758 XXVU CONTENTS LIABILITY IN NEGLIGENCE 17.59 NUISANCES CREATED BY PUBLIC AUTHORITIES 17.67 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS LIMITATION OF ACTIONS 17.69 CAUSATION 17.72 THE MEASURE OF DAMAGES INTRODUCTION 17.77 DAMAGES FOR PERSONAL INJURIES 17.78 DAMAGE TO PROPERTY 17.79 DAMAGES FOR NUISANCE 17.84 THE PROBLEM OF ECONOMIC LOSSES 17.85 DAMAGES FOR NEGLIGENT ADVICE 17.90 EXEMPLARY DAMAGES 17.91 PART VENFORCEMENT AND LITIGATION 18. ENFORCEMENTINJUNCTIONS A. INTRODUCTION B. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND C. CURRENT POWERS OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES SECTION 222 OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 1972 SPECIFIC POWERS D. CURRENT POWERS OF THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY INTRODUCTION GENERAL POWER SPECIFIC POWERS E. PRIVATE PARTIES AND THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL E PROCEDURE AND PRACTICE INTRODUCTION BASIC DESCRIPTIONS PARTIES JURISDICTION OUTLINE OF PROCEDURE PRINCIPLES AGAINST WHICH DIFFERENT FORMS OF INJUNCTION ARE GRANTED OTHER CONSIDERATIONS RELEVANT TO THE DISCRETION OF THE COURT EVIDENCE UNDERTAKINGS, SUSPENSION, AND DISCHARGE ENFORCEMENT OF AN INJUNCTION 18.01 18.04 18.11 18.25 18.64 18.66 18.69 18.86 18.89 18.90 18.91 18.92 18.94 18.109 18.125 18.128 18.130 18.131 XXVLLL CONTENTS 19. ENFORCEMENTSTATUTORY NUISANCE A. INTRODUCTION 19.01 B. THE STATUTORY REGIME THE DEFINITION OF STATUTORY NUISANCES 19.04 THE CATEGORIES OF STATUTORY NUISANCE 19.11 THE DUTIES OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES 19.24 THE ABATEMENT NOTICE 19.25 TIME FOR COMPLIANCE 19.34 APPEAL 19.35 FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE NOTICE 19.43 C. COMPLAINTS BY INDIVIDUALS THE SCOPE OF SECTION 82 19.55 THE LOCAL AUTHORITY AS THE PERSON RESPONSIBLE 19.56 THE PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS 19.57 THE MAGISTRATES ORDER 19.59 REQUIRING ACTION BY THE LOCAL AUTHORITY 19.65 20. PROSECUTING THE POLLUTERTHE ENVIRONMENT AND CRIME A. INTRODUCTION 20.01 B. THE OFFENCES 20.04 THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1990 20.05 PART I ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1990 20.06 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT PART IIWASTE ON LAND 20.29 OTHER OFFENCES UNDER PART II OF THE ACTWASTE MANAGEMENT LICENCES 20.53 THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1990 PART IIACONTAMINATED LAND 20.58 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT PART IIISTATUTORY NUISANCES AND CLEAN AIR 20.61 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT 1990 PART TVLITTER ETC 20.67 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT PART VI(A)*GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS 20.68 THE PRINCIPAL OFFENCES UNDER PART VI(A) 20.70 OFFENCES RELATING TO POLLUTION OF WATER 20.83 THE CLEAN AIR ACT 1993 20.105 C. PROSECUTION AND SENTENCING POLICY THE DECISION TO PROSECUTE FOR AN ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCE 20.109 SENTENCING POLICY 20.128 21. APPEAL PROCEDURES A. INTRODUCTION 2 .Q B. SPECIFIC POWERS AND PROCEDURES APPEALS UNDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ART 1990 21.03 XXIX CONTENTS APPEALS UNDER THE RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ACT 1993 21.19 APPEALS UNDER THE WATER RESOURCES ACT 1991 21.25 C. METHODS OF DETERMINATION WRITTEN REPRESENTATIONS 21.34 INFORMAL HEARINGS 21.36 FORMAL HEARINGS 21.38 PUBLIC INQUIRIES 21.40 22. JUDICIAL REVIEW A. INTRODUCTION 22.01 B. THE AVAILABILITY OF JUDICIAL REVIEW DECISIONS OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES 22.03 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STATUTORY APPEALS AND JUDICIAL REVIEW 22.06 CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS AND JUDICIAL REVIEW 22.08 JUDICIAL REVIEW BY OTHER PARTIES 22.10 C. THE OMBUDSMAN COMPLAINTS TO THE OMBUDSMAN 22.11 D. THE AVAILABLE GROUNDS OF CHALLENGE 22.13 ILLEGALITY 22.15 IRRATIONALITY 22.17 PROCEDURAL IMPROPRIETY: BREACHES OF NATURAL JUSTICE 22.20 OTHER POSSIBLE GROUNDS OF REVIEW 22.23 E. HUMAN RIGHTS AS A GROUND OF REVIEW 22.32 HUMAN RIGHTS IN ENGLISH COMMON LAW 22.33 THE PAST USE OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION IN UK LAW 22.34 THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 22.35 THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS 22.36 F. CONSIDERATIONS OF POLICY THE STATUS OF GOVERNMENT POLICY STATEMENTS 22.40 POLICY, PARTY POLITICS, AND PUBLIC PRESSURE 22.48 G. PROCEDURAL ISSUES IN JUDICIAL REVIEW THE REQUIREMENT TO OBTAIN PERMISSION TO MAKE AN APPLICATION 22.51 THE REMEDIES AVAILABLE 22.52 JUDICIAL REVIEW AND THE CIVIL LIABILITY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES 22.54 LOCUS STANDI (SUFFICIENT INTEREST) 22.56 DELAY IN MAKING AN APPLICATION 22.65 THE AWARD OF COSTS 22.69 INDEX 953 XXX
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spelling	Environmental law general ed. David Woolley ... 1. publ. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2000 CLV, 988 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Environmental law - England Environmental law - Wales Environnement - Droit - Grande-Bretagne Milieurecht gtt Environmental law -- Great Britain Umweltrecht (DE-588)4061643-5 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Umweltrecht (DE-588)4061643-5 s DE-604 Woolley, David 1924-2005 Sonstige (DE-588)120065789 oth SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008762595&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Environmental law Environmental law - England Environmental law - Wales Environnement - Droit - Grande-Bretagne Milieurecht gtt Environmental law -- Great Britain Umweltrecht (DE-588)4061643-5 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4061643-5 (DE-588)4022153-2
title	Environmental law
title_auth	Environmental law
title_exact_search	Environmental law
title_full	Environmental law general ed. David Woolley ...
title_fullStr	Environmental law general ed. David Woolley ...
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental law general ed. David Woolley ...
title_short	Environmental law
title_sort	environmental law
topic	Environmental law - England Environmental law - Wales Environnement - Droit - Grande-Bretagne Milieurecht gtt Environmental law -- Great Britain Umweltrecht (DE-588)4061643-5 gnd
topic_facet	Environmental law - England Environmental law - Wales Environnement - Droit - Grande-Bretagne Milieurecht Environmental law -- Great Britain Umweltrecht Großbritannien
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work_keys_str_mv	AT woolleydavid environmentallaw

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