Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1999
|
| Schriftenreihe: | The orthopedic clinics of North America
30,3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XI S., S. 331 - 540 zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine |c Deborah F. Stanitski guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 1999 | |
| 300 | |a XI S., S. 331 - 540 |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a The orthopedic clinics of North America |v 30,3 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Adolescenten |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Kinderen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Maladies du rachis - Adolescent | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Maladies du rachis - Enfant | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Wervelkolom |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Kind | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Child | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Infant | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pediatric neurology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pediatric orthopedics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Scoliosis in children | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spinal Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spinal Diseases |x Adolescent | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spinal cord |x Abnormalities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spinal cord |x Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spine |x Abnormalities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spine |x Diseases | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | DISORDERS OF THE PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT SPINE
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Deborah F. Stanitski
Infantile and Juvenile Scoliosis 331
Matthew B. Dobbs and Stuart L. Weinstein
The diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis in the infantile and juvenile age
groups is a challenging and demanding endeavor. The diagnosis must be
firmly established. Once a deformity has proven to be progressive, surgical
intervention will likely be necessary because orthotic treatment is less effec¬
tive in these cases. The surgeon is then faced with the dilemma of deciding
on the most appropriate surgical treatment.
Cause and Natural History of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis 343
Nancy Hadley Miller
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a highly prevalent disorder of the spine,
occurring in phenotypically normal individuals for unknown reasons. The
role of genetic factors in this condition has been widely documented through
clinical observations and population studies. Multiple areas of research, in¬
cluding connective tissue, neuromotor mechanisms, hormonal system, and
biomechanics, have been explored for a potential relationship to the cause
of idiopathic scoliosis; however, no clear evidence supports any one area as
a etiologic factor of this disorder. The main difficulty of most investigations
is to determine whether the observed abnormalities are primary or second¬
ary features in the scoliotic deformity. It is hoped that continued research
efforts will aid in the understanding of this disorder in an effort to improve
the ability to assign a more specific prognosis.
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis 353
James W. Roach
Because of the relatively recent understanding of the untreated natural his¬
tory of idiopathic scoliosis, many patients do not require treatment and are
simply observed. Immature patients whose curves are between 25 and 40
are at high risk for further progression and should be treated with a brace.
Seventy percent to 809? of the time, the patient can expect that the brace will
prevent further progression. Curves in growing children greater than 40f
require a spinal fusion. Modern scoliosis surgery provides excellent correc¬
tion of deformity and allows immediate ambulation without a cast or brace.
THE ORTHOPEDIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
VOLUME 30 • NUMBER 3 • JULY 1999 vii
This article reviews the diagnosis, cause, and treatment recommendations
for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Video Assisted Thoracoscopy 367
Alvin H. Crawford, Eric J. Wall, and Randall Wolf
New therapeutic modalities for disorders of the pediatric spine must include
video assisted thoracoscopy. The endoscopic approach to the spine has in¬
volved an evolutionary approach. What began as an isolated drainage of a
vertebral abscess was continued as a method of single discectomy; release
of the annulus fibrosis with or without ligation of segmental vessels; rib
resection for costoplasty; rib harvesting for intervertebral fusion; and most
recently, insertion of correctional implants and fusion.
Congenital Spine Deformities: Scoliosis, Kyphosis, and Lordosis 387
John E. Lonstein
By definition, congenital spine deformities—scoliosis, kyphosis, and lor¬
dosis—are due to abnormal vertebral development. Thus, affected children
tend to have a curvature noted much earlier in life than typical patients with
idiopathic scoliosis. This early development of the deformity has resulted
in a tendency for the young child with congenital deformities to receive less
than optimal care. These curves must not be allowed to progress. In many
cases, early fusion is necessary, which is preferable to allowing severe curves
to develop.
Spinal Cord Monitoring: Current State of the Art 407
Anne M. Padberg and Keith H. Bridwell
The intraoperative application of evoked potential and electromyographic
(EMG) monitoring has increased significantly over the last 2 decades. Cra¬
nial nerve monitoring is widely accepted and used by otologists, neurologic
surgeons, and ophthalmologists. Direct and indirect techniques for assessing
the peripheral nervous system are used by plastic and orthopedic surgeons
when performing intraoperative nerve grafting. Myriad techniques and ap¬
plications for monitoring the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system
have been developed, evaluated, and used by orthopedic and neurologic
surgeons involved in spinal surgery.
Management of Neuromuscular Scoliosis 435
Richard E. McCarthy
Neuromuscular scoliosis is classified as a neuropathic or myopathic type.
Cerebral palsy is the most common form of neuropathic type, and Du
chenne s muscular dystrophy best characterizes the principles and recom¬
mended treatment for the myopathic type. Nonoperative measures rarely
fully control a progressive scoliosis. Careful preoperative planning and sur¬
gery can achieve a well balanced spine over a level pelvis with a good func¬
tional result.
Kyphosis Deformity in Myelomeningocele 451
John F. Sarwark
Management of the child with myelomeningocele and kyphosis is an ex¬
treme challenge to the orthopedic surgeon and spine surgeon on many
fronts. Delayed or observation treatment may result in loss of functional
independence and self esteem. Early surgical correction may result in loss
of truncal height, intra abdominal upward volume effect on the diaphragm,
viii CONTENTS
and loss of pulmonary capacity. Late surgical reconstruction may be asso¬
ciated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early surgical intervention
with preservation of growth may prove safer and result in improved func¬
tion and independence.
Cervical Spine Disorders in Children 457
Martin }. Herman and Peter D. Pizzutillo
Care of children with disorders of the cervical spine requires an understand¬
ing of the anatomic and biologic features particular to the developing pe
diatric spine. Congenital and developmental alterations further complicate
evaluation and treatment of children. Basic knowledge of pediatric cervical
spine disorders in Down syndrome, Klippel Feil syndrome, osteochondro
dysplasias, mucopolysaccharidoses, and post traumatic instability is essen¬
tial for all orthopedic surgeons. Thorough patient evaluation and appropri¬
ate early management may prevent potentially serious neurologic injury
and other complications related to cervical spine pathology.
Back Pain in Children 467
Howard A. King
Children and adolescents occasionally have back symptoms, but rarely come
to a physician s office for more severe back pain. When a child or adolescent
appears in the clinic with complaints of back pain, a careful detailed eval¬
uation is appropriate. The incidence of findings in children with significant
back pain is high; therefore, a detailed history, physical examination, and
evaluation are needed. It is also legitimate to continue monitoring children
even if no obvious cause is initially identified because often a diagnosis
subsequently will be made.
Scheuermann s Disease 475
Thomas G. Lowe
Scheuermann s disease is the most common cause of structural kyphosis in
adolescence. The mode of inheritance is likely autosomal dominant and the
etiology remains largely unknown. Indications for treatment remain contro¬
versial because the true natural history of the disease has not been clearly
defined. Brace treatment appears to be very effective if the diagnosis is made
early. Surgical treatment is rarely indicated for severe kyphosis ( 75°) with
curve progression, refractory pain, or neurologic deficit.
Management of Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
in the Pediatric and Adolescent Population 487
Jason A. Smith and Serena S. Hu
Spondylolysis and low grade spondylolisthesis are diagnoses that, for most
patients, have a benign prognosis and can be managed nonoperatively. For
most symptomatic patients for whom this management fails, fusion in situ
yields satisfactory and lasting results and remains the gold standard against
which other surgical treatment must be compared. Patients with high grade
slips and slip angles may benefit from instrumented fusion in situ or com¬
bined anterior/posterior procedures, or may be considered for reduction
and fusion. Reduction maneuvers are technically demanding and carry sig¬
nificant risk of neurologic injury. Surgical experience and in depth under¬
standing of the indications, the complications, and, especially, the limita¬
tions of each technique are required.
CONTENTS ix
Spinal Manifestations of Skeletal Dysplasias 501
Martin Kornblum and Deborah F. Stanitski
Skeletal dysplasias, disorders of abnormal bone and cartilage development,
are a heterogeneous group, each disorder with its own genetics, prevalence,
prognosis, and treatment. More than 150 distinct conditions have been iden¬
tified. Despite their obvious differences, the osteochondrodysplasias share
many clinical and radiographic features. These patients present to the or¬
thopedic surgeon for evaluation of disproportionate short stature, which
may be apparent at birth or manifest itself only with further growth. This
article discusses bone dysplasias commonly associated with spinal abnor¬
malities. Spinal pathology can lead to deformity, neurologic sequelae, pain,
and cardiopulmonary compromise and further contribute to short stature.
Pediatric Spine Fractures 521
Behrooz A. Akbarnia
Children have more elastic soft tissue and more potential for remodeling
than adults. Certain injuries are unique to children, including posterior lim
bus injuries, most cases of spinal cord injury without radiographic abnor¬
malities, and spinal trauma in child abuse. This article discusses the path
omechanics, clinical presentation, treatment, and some of the complications
of injuries of the thoracolumbar spine in children.
Index 537
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x CONTENTS
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| spelling | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine Deborah F. Stanitski guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1999 XI S., S. 331 - 540 zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The orthopedic clinics of North America 30,3 Adolescenten gtt Kinderen gtt Maladies du rachis - Adolescent Maladies du rachis - Enfant Wervelkolom gtt Kind Child Infant Pediatric neurology Pediatric orthopedics Scoliosis in children Spinal Diseases Spinal Diseases Adolescent Spinal cord Abnormalities Spinal cord Diseases Spine Abnormalities Spine Diseases Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd rswk-swf Wirbelsäulenkrankheit (DE-588)4066368-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Wirbelsäulenkrankheit (DE-588)4066368-1 s Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 s DE-604 Stanitski, Deborah F. Sonstige oth The orthopedic clinics of North America 30,3 (DE-604)BV000001089 30,3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008650917&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine The orthopedic clinics of North America Adolescenten gtt Kinderen gtt Maladies du rachis - Adolescent Maladies du rachis - Enfant Wervelkolom gtt Kind Child Infant Pediatric neurology Pediatric orthopedics Scoliosis in children Spinal Diseases Spinal Diseases Adolescent Spinal cord Abnormalities Spinal cord Diseases Spine Abnormalities Spine Diseases Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd Wirbelsäulenkrankheit (DE-588)4066368-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4030550-8 (DE-588)4066368-1 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine |
| title_auth | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine |
| title_exact_search | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine |
| title_full | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine Deborah F. Stanitski guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine Deborah F. Stanitski guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine Deborah F. Stanitski guest ed. |
| title_short | Disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine |
| title_sort | disorders of the pediatric and adolescent spine |
| topic | Adolescenten gtt Kinderen gtt Maladies du rachis - Adolescent Maladies du rachis - Enfant Wervelkolom gtt Kind Child Infant Pediatric neurology Pediatric orthopedics Scoliosis in children Spinal Diseases Spinal Diseases Adolescent Spinal cord Abnormalities Spinal cord Diseases Spine Abnormalities Spine Diseases Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd Wirbelsäulenkrankheit (DE-588)4066368-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Adolescenten Kinderen Maladies du rachis - Adolescent Maladies du rachis - Enfant Wervelkolom Kind Child Infant Pediatric neurology Pediatric orthopedics Scoliosis in children Spinal Diseases Spinal Diseases Adolescent Spinal cord Abnormalities Spinal cord Diseases Spine Abnormalities Spine Diseases Wirbelsäulenkrankheit Aufsatzsammlung |
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