Retinoids: the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables]
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1999
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Handbook of experimental pharmacology
139 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXVIII, 619 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3540658920 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Retinoids |b the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] |c contributors A. Agadir ... Ed. Heinz Nau and William S. Blaner |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1999 | |
| 300 | |a XXVIII, 619 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Handbook of experimental pharmacology |v 139 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Retinoids |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Retinoïden |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Vitamine A |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Retinoids |x Physiological effect | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Retinoids |x Therapeutic use | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Retinoids |x metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Retinoids |x pharmacology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Retinoids |x therapeutic use | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804127370598154240 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | HANDBOO
K OF
EXPERIMENTA
L PHARMACOLOGY
VOLUME 139
EDITORIAL BOARD
G.V.R. BORN, LONDON
P. CUATRECASAS, ANN ARBOR, MI
D. GANTEN, BERLIN
H. HERKEN, BERLIN
K. STARKE, FREIBURG I. BR.
P. TAYLOR, LA JOLLA, CA
CONTENTS
SECTION A: METABOLISM, PHARMOCOKINETICS AND ACTION OF RETINOIDS
CHAPTER 1
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ACTION OF RETINOIDS
N. NOV. WITH 6 FIGURES 3
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 3
B. BEHAVIOR OF RETINOIDS IN AN AQUEOU
S ENVIRONMEN
T 3
I. AQUEOU
S SOLUBILITY 3
II. SELF-ASSOCIATION OF RETINOIDS IN WATER 4
III.
LABILITY OF RETINOIDS IN WATER 6
C. INTERACTION
S OF RETINOIDS WITH MEMBRANE
S 6
I. EFFECTS OF MEMBRAN
E LIPID COMPOSITION ON MEMBRANE
-
RETINOID INTERACTIONS 7
II. EFFECTS OF THE RADIUS OF CURVATUR
E OF MEMBRANE
S ON
MEMBRANE-RETINOI
D INTERACTION
S 8
III
. IONIZATION BEHAVIOR OF RETINOIC ACID IN MEMBRANE
S 10
D. INTERACTION
S OF RETINOIDS WITH PROTEINS 10
I. BINDING AFFINITIES 11
1. LIGAND BINDING AFFINITIES OF RETINOID-BINDING
PROTEINS 12
2. LIGAND BINDING AFFINITIES OF RETINOID NUCLEAR
RECEPTOR
S 14
II. KINETICS OF THE INTERACTIONS OF RETINOIDS WITH PROTEINS ...
. 17
1. RATE
S OF DISSOCIATION OF RETINOIDS FROM RETINOID
BINDING PROTEINS 17
E
. SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR RETINOI
D TRANSPORT PROCESSES 18
I. UPTAK
E OF RETINOL BY TARGET CELLS 18
II. TARGETING OF RETINOIDS BY IRB
P 21
F. CONCLUDING REMARK
S 24
REFERENCES 24
CONTENTS
CHAPTE
R 2
BIOSYNTHESIS, ABSORPTION, METABOLISM AND TRANSPORT OF RETINOIDS
S.
VOGEL,
M.V.
GAMBLE,
AND W.S.
BLANER.
WITH 4 FIGURES 31
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 31
B. INTESTINAL ABSORPTIO
N OF RETINO
L AND BIOSYNTHESIS OF RETINO
L
FROM CAROTENOID
S 32
I. UPTAK
E AND LUMINAL METABOLIS
M OF DIETAR
Y PREFORME
D
VITAMIN A (RETINY
L ESTERS
, RETINOL
, AND RETINOI
C ACID
) 33
II
. UPTAK
E AND METABOLISM OF DIETAR
Y PROVITAMI
N A
CAROTENOID
S 34
III. INTRAMUCOSA
L METABOLIS
M 36
1. RETINOI
C ACID FORMATIO
N FROM RETINA
L
DERIVE
D FROM CAROTENOID
S 36
2. ROLE OF CELLULAR-RETINO
L BINDING PROTEIN
, TYPE II 36
3. RETINO
L ESTERIFICATION AND TH
E PACKAGING OF DIETAR
Y
RETINOI
D INT
O CHYLOMICRONS 37
C. CIRCULATING CHYLOMICRONS AND CHYLOMICRON REMNAN
T
FORMATIO
N 38
I. HEPATI
C CLEARANC
E OF CHYLOMICRON REMNANT
S 39
II. EXTRAHEPATI
C TISSUES AN
D CHYLOMICRON REMNAN
T
RETINOI
D 42
D. RETINOID PROCESSING AND METABOLIS
M WITHIN TH
E LIVER 44
I. UPTAK
E AN
D PROCESSING OF TH
E CHYLOMICRON REMNAN
T
RETINYL ESTE
R BY HEPATOCYTE
S 45
II
. RETINOI
D METABOLISM AN
D STORAGE IN TH
E HEPATOCYT
E 46
1. CELLULAR RETINOL-BINDIN
G PROTEIN
, TYPE I 49
2. HEPATI
C LRA
T ACTIVITY 50
III
. RETINOI
D TRANSFER BETWEE
N HEPATOCYTE
S AN
D
STELLATE CELLS 51
IV. RETINOI
D METABOLISM AND STORAGE IN HEPATI
C
STELLATE CELLS 52
E
. EXTRAHEPATI
C PROCESSING AN
D METABOLIS
M OF RETINO
L AN
D
RETINYL ESTE
R 54
F. RETINOID DELIVERY T
O TARGET TISSUES 55
I. RETINO
L BOUND T
O RB
P 56
1. CELLULAR SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF RETINOL-RB
P AN
D ITS
REGULATIO
N 58
2. THE RB
P GEN
E AN
D ITS REGULATIO
N 63
3. STRUCTURAL AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIE
S OF RBP,TTR
,
AND THE RBP-TT
R COMPLEX 63
4. RETINOL-RB
P TURNOVE
R FROM TH
E CIRCULATIO
N 66
5. RB
P RECEPTO
R 67
II. PLASMA ALL-RRANS-RETINOIC ACID 77
III. PLASMA 13-CIS-RETINOIC ACID 80
CONTENTS XVII
IV. LIPOPROTEI
N BOUN
D RETINYL ESTE
R 81
V. GLUCURONIDE
S OF RETINO
L AND RETINOI
C ACID 82
VI
. RETRO-METABOLITE
S OF RETINO
L 83
G. SUMMARY 84
REFERENCE
S 84
CHAPTE
R 3
RETRO-RETINOIDS:
METABOLISM AND ACTION
E
.
VAKIANI
AN
D J.
BUCK.
WITH 9 FIGURES 97
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 97
B. VITAMIN A AND THE IMMUN
E SYSTEM 98
C. GENERA
L PROPERTIE
S OF /?EM RETINOID
S 99
D. CELLULAR EFFECTS OF I?EFRO-RETINOIDS 101
I. GROWT
H OF B LYMPHOCYTES 101
II
. ACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES 104
III
. ACTIVATION OF FIBROBLASTS 104
IV. CELL GROWT
H VS. CELL DIFFERENTIATION: RETINOL METABOLISM
IN HL-60 CELLS 106
V. INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING 106
1. ANHYDRORETINOL-INDUCE
D CELL DEAT
H 106
2. EVIDENCE FOR A TRANSMEMBRAN
E OR CYTOPLASMIC
RECEPTO
R 108
E
. RE/RO-RETINOID METABOLISM 108
I. 14-HYDROXY-/TO/-O-RETINOL 109
II
. 13,14-DIHYDROXY-RETINOL 109
III
. BIOSYNTHESIS OF ANHYDRORETINO
L 110
F. CONCLUSION 112
REFERENCES 113
CHAPTE
R 4
RETINOIC ACID SYNTHESIS AND METABOLISM
W.S.
BLANER,
R.
PIANTEDOSI.
A.
SYKES.
AND
S.
VOGEL.
WITH 2 FIGURES 117
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 117
B. CELLULAR AND EXTRACELLULAR RETINOI
D BINDING PROTEIN
S 118
I. CELLULAR RETINOL BINDING PROTEINS 118
II. CELLULAR RETINOIC ACID BINDING PROTEINS 118
III
. OTHE
R RETINOIC ACID BINDING PROTEINS 121
C. RETINOIC ACID SYNTHESIS 121
I. OXIDATION OF RETINOL 123
1. ROLE OF CYTOSOLIC DEHYDROGENASE
S 123
2. ROLE OF MICROSOMAL DEHVDROGENASE
S 125
XVIII CONTENTS
II
. OXIDATIO
N OF RETINA
L
13
III
. FORMATIO
N OF 9-RIS-RETINOIC ACID 3
3
IV. DIREC
T SYNTHESIS OF RETINOI
C ACID FROM CAROTENOID
S 137
D. OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF RETINOI
C ACID 137
I. ROL
E OF TH
E CYTOCHROM
E P450 SYSTEM IN RETINOI
C ACID
OXIDATION
13
8
II
. OTHE
R METABOLISM OF RETINOI
C ACID 142
E
. SUMMARY AND FUTUR
E NEED
S 143
REFERENCES 4
4
SECTION B: BINDING PROTEINS AND NUCLEAR RECEPTORS
CHAPTER 5
NUCLEAR RETINOID RECEPTORS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION
F.J.
PIEDRAFITA
AND M.
PFAHL.
WITH 5 FIGURES 153
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 153
B. THE NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S AN
D THEIR COUSINS 154
C. THE RARES
: FURTHE
R SPECIFICATION OF TH
E LIGAND RESPONS
E 156
D. INTERACTION OF RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S WITH COACTIVATORS
, COREPRESSORS
,
AND BASAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS 158
E. DIFFERENTIATION-PROLIFERATIO
N SWITCHES: INTERACTIO
N WITH OTHE
R
SIGNAL TRANSDUCERS 164
F. CBP/P300, A COINTEGRATO
R OF MULTIPLE SIGNALING PATHWAYS 165
G. A ROLE FOR HISTON
E ACETYLATIO
N IN RECEPTOR-MEDIATE
D
TRANSACTIVATION? 167
H. APOPTOSI
S INDUCTIO
N BY SPECIAL RETINOIDS
: A NOVEL PATHWAY?...
. 169
I. FUTUR
E PROSPECT
S 172
REFERENCES 174
CHAPTE
R 6
RAR-SELECTIVE LIGANDS: RECEPTOR SUBTYPE AND FUNCTION SELECTIVITY
R.L.
BEARD
AND R.A.S.
CHANDRARATNA.
WITH 7 FIGURES 185
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 185
B. STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEE
N RAR-SELECTIV
E AND
RXR-SELECTIVE LIGANDS 186
I. THE EFFECT OF BRIDGING GROUP
S ON CONFORMATIONALL
Y
RESTRICTE
D RETINOID
S 186
II. THE A-METHYL EFFECT 187
III. 9-CU-LOCKED VS 9-
TRANS-
LOCKED RETINOID
S 188
C. RA
R SUBTYPE SELECTIVE AGONISTS 190
I. RAR
A SELECTIVE AGONIST
S 192
II. RAR/3 SELECTIVE AGONIST
S 194
CONTENTS XIX
III
. RAR/SELECTIV
E AGONISTS 195
D. RA
R ANTAGONISTS
, NEUTRA
L ANTAGONISTS, AND INVERSE AGONISTS ...
. 197
I. RA
R ANTAGONIST
S 197
II
. RA
R INVERSE AGONISTS AND NEUTRA
L ANTAGONIST
S 201
E
. PHARMACOLOGY OF RA
R SELECTIVE AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS 203
I. RAR
A SELECTIVE AGONISTS 204
II
. RAR/3 SELECTIVE AGONISTS 205
III
. RARYSELECTIV
E AGONISTS 205
IV. RA
R ANTAGONIST
S AND INVERSE AGONISTS 206
REFERENCE
S 208
CHAPTE
R 7
RXR-SPECIFIC AGONISTS AND MODULATORS: A NEW
RETINOID PHARMACOLOGY
I.G.
SCHULMAN,
D.
CROMBIE,
R.P.
BISSONNETTE,
R.
CESARIO,
K.
ROEGNER,
G.
SHAO,
AND R.A
.
HEYMAN.
WITH 11 FIGURES 215
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 215
B. LIGAND-DEPENDEN
T ACTIVATION OF TRANSCRIPTION BY RX
R 218
I. ACTIVATION OF PERMISSIVE HETERODIMER
S 218
II
. RX
R AGONISTS ACTIVATE RXR-RA
R HETERODIMER
S WHEN
THE RA
R BINDING POCKET IS OCCUPIED 221
III
. THE PHANTO
M LIGAND EFFECT 222
C. RX
R PHARMACOLOGY 226
I. SENSITIZATION OF DIABETI
C MICE TO INSULIN BY RX
R
AGONISTS 226
II
. CHEMOPREVENTION/CHEMOTHERAP
Y OF CARCINOGEN-INDUCED
BREAST CANCER 230
D. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTUR
E DIRECTION
S 231
REFERENCES 232
SECTION C: DIFFERENTIATION, PROLIFERATION, AND CANCER
CHAPTER 8
GROWTH CONTROL BY RETINOIDS:
REGULATION OF CELL CYCLE PROGRESSION AND APOPTOSIS
B.
HARVAT
AND A.M.
JETTEN.
WITH 3 FIGURES 239
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 239
B. MECHANISMS OF RETINOI
D ACTION 240
I. RETINOI
D RECEPTOR-DEPENDEN
T MECHANISMS 240
II. RETINOID RECEPTOR-MEDIATE
D CONTRO
L OF CELL
PROLIFERATION 241
XX
CONTENTS
III. RECEPTOR-INDEPENDENT REGULATION OF CELL PROLIFERATION ..
. 242
C. CONTROL OF CELL CYCLE PROGRESSION BY RETINOIDS 244
I. OVERVIEW OF CELL CYCLE REGULATION 244
II. CELL CYCLE REGULATORY TARGETS OF RETINOID ACTION 246
1. RETINOIDS CAN AFFECT THE R
B PATHWAY AT
SEVERAL LEVELS 246
2. REGULATION OF C-MYC EXPRESSION 248
3. MODULATION OF AP-1-MEDIATED GROWTH SIGNALS 249
4. EFFECTS ON MISCELLANEOUS CELL CYCLE PROTEINS 250
D. REGULATION OF APOPTOSIS 250
I. APOPTOTIC MECHANISMS 250
II. REGULATION OF APOPTOSIS BY RETINOIDS 251
1. RECEPTOR-MEDIATED INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS 252
2. RECEPTOR-MEDIATED INHIBITION OF APOPTOSIS 254
3. RETINOID RECEPTO
R INDEPENDEN
T MECHANISMS 255
A) MECHANISMS OF 4-HPR ACTION IN APOPTOSIS 256
B) MECHANISMS OF AHP
N ACTION 257
E. SUMMARY 259
REFERENCES 259
CHAPTE
R 9
RETINOIDS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF NORMAL AND MALIGNANT
HEMATOPOIETIC CELLS
A.
AGADIR
AND C.
CHOMIENNE.
WITH 4 FIGURES 277
A. INTRODUCTION 277
B. RETINOIDS AND HEMATOPOIESIS 280
I. EFFECT OF RETINOIC ACID ON CELLULAR PROLIFERATION,
DIFFERENTIATION, AND APOPTOSIS OF HEMATOPOIETIC
LEUKEMIC CELLS 280
1. EFFECT ON MYELOID LEUKEMIC CELL DIFFERENTIATION 280
2. EFFECT ON ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIC CELLS 281
3. EFFECT ON INDUCED MYELOID LEUKEMIC CELL APOPTOSIS ..
. 282
II. RETINOIC ACID AS A NOVEL MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION
FACTOR 282
III. RETINOIC ACID CONTROL OF MYELOPROLIFERATIVE GROWTH 283
C. RETINOIC ACID SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN HEMATOPOIETIC CELLS 283
I. DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF NUCLEAR RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS
AND RETINOID-BINDING PROTEINS 283
II. ALTERATION OF RAR
A IN HEMATOPOIETIC MALIGNANCIES 284
1. MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF APL 284
2. ALTERATIONS OF RAR
A IN OTHE
R MALIGNANCIES 285
CONTENTS XXI
D. RETINOI
C ACID AS A THERAPEUTI
C AGENT IN HEMATOPOIETI
C
MALIGNANCIES 287
I. ACUT
E PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMI
A 287
1. RETINOI
D RESISTANCE IN AP
L 288
2. RETINOI
C ACID SYNDROME AND OTHE
R SIDE EFFECTS OF R
A
THERAPY 289
3. MECHANISMS OF RETINOIC ACID INDUCED DIFFERENTIATION
IN AP
L PATIENT
S 290
II.
RETINOID
S AS THERAPEUTI
C ALTERNATIV
E T
O MYELOPROLIFERATIVE
DISORDER
S 290
E
. SUMMARY AND PERSPECTIVES 291
REFERENCE
S 291
CHAPTE
R 10
THE RETINOIDS: CANCER THERAPY AND PREVENTION MECHANISMS
K.
NASON-BURCHENAL
AND E
.
DMITROVSKY.
WITH 1 FIGURE 301
I. SUMMARY 301
II.
RETINOI
D CLINICAL ACTIVITIES 301
III.
MECHANISMS OF RETINOID ACTION 303
IV. RETINOID
S AND CANCER CHEMOPREVENTIO
N 306
V. IN VITRO MODELS FOR RETINOI
D ACTIVITY IN CANCER THERAPY
AND PREVENTIO
N 308
A
. THE MULTIPOTEN
T NT2/D1 HUMAN EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA
LINE 308
B. ACUT
E PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IN VITRO MODELS 310
C. AN IN VITRO LUNG CANCER PREVENTION MODEL 313
VI
. SUMMARY AND FUTUR
E DIRECTION
S 314
REFERENCES 315
CHAPTE
R 11
ABERRANT EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION OF RETINOID RECEPTORS IN CANCER
X.-C. XU AND R.
LOTAN
323
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 323
B. ABERRAN
T NUCLEAR RETINOID RECEPTO
R EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION
IN CULTURE
D CANCER CELL LINES 325
I. EXPRESSION OF NUCLEAR RETINOID RECEPTOR
S IN LUNG
CANCE
R CELL LINES 325
II.
EXPRESSION OF NUCLEAR RETINOID RECEPTOR
S IN HEAD
AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA CELL LINES 325
III.
EXPRESSION OF NUCLEAR RETINOID RECEPTOR
S IN ESOPHAGEAL
CANCE
R CELL LINES 326
XXII CONTENTS
IV. EXPRESSIO
N OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN BREAS
T
CANCE
R CELL LINES 327
V. EXPRESSION OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN NORMA
L SKIN
AND SKIN CANCER CELL LINE
S 328
VI
. EXPRESSIO
N OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN CERVICAL
CANCE
R CELL LINES 328
VII
. EXPRESSIO
N OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
C ACID RECEPTOR
S IN
EMBRYONA
L CARCINOM
A CELL LINES 329
VIII
. EXPRESSION OF NUCLEAR RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN
MYELOID LEUKEMI
A 329
C. ABERRAN
T NUCLEAR RETINOI
D RECEPTO
R EXPRESSIO
N IN SPECIMENS
FROM NORMAL
, PREMALIGNANT
, AN
D MALIGNAN
T TISSUES 330
I. EXPRESSION OF ABERRAN
T RAR
A IN ACUT
E PROMYELOCYTIC
LEUKEMI
A 330
II
. EXPRESSION OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN ADJACENT
TISSUES AND HEA
D AN
D NECK SQUAMOU
S CELL CARCINOM
A ..
. 331
III
. EXPRESSION OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
C ACID RECEPTOR
S IN
HAMSTE
R CHEEK-POUC
H MUCOSA DURIN
G
7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE-INDUCE
D CARCINOGENESI
S .
. 332
IV. EXPRESSION OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN ADJACEN
T
BRONCHIAL EPITHELIU
M AN
D NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCE
R ..
. 333
V. EXPRESSIO
N OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN ADJACEN
T
NORMAL
, PREMALIGNANT
, AN
D MALIGNANT BREAS
T TISSUES 333
VI
. EXPRESSIO
N OF NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN NORMA
L SKIN
AND SKIN CANCER
S 335
VII
. EXPRESSIO
N OF TH
E NUCLEA
R RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN NORMA
L
UTERIN
E CERVIX AND CERVICAL CANCE
R 336
D. MECHANISMS OF ALTERE
D RECEPTO
R EXPRESSIO
N AN
D FUNCTIO
N
IN VITRO AN
D IN VIVO 336
REFERENCES 338
SECTION D
: DEVELOPMENT AND TERATOGENESIS
CHAPTE
R 12
GENETIC AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES T
O UNDERSTANDING THE ROL
E
OF RETINOIDS IN MAMMALIAN SPERMATOGENESIS
A.I
.
PACKER
AND D.J.
WOLGEMUTH.
WITH 1 FIGURE 347
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 347
I. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF TH
E ROL
E OF VITAMIN A IN
SPERMATOGENESIS 347
II. FOCUS OF THIS REVIEW 347
B. SERUM AND CELLULAR RETINOI
D BINDING PROTEIN
S 348
I. SITES OF SYNTHESIS AN
D ACTIO
N 348
CONTENTS XXIII
1. RETINO
L BINDING PROTEIN AND TRANSTHYRETIN 348
2. CELLULAR RETINOL AND RETINOIC ACID BINDING PROTEINS ..
. 349
II
. POTENTIA
L FUNCTIONS DURIN
G SPERMATOGENESIS 350
C. RECEPTOR
S 351
I. RETINOI
C ACID AND RETINOI
D X RECEPTOR
S AND THEIR
LIGANDS 351
II
. REGULATIO
N OF TRANSCRIPTION BY LIGAND-ACTIVATED RETINOID
RECEPTOR
S 351
III
. RA
R AN
D RX
R EXPRESSION IN THE TESTIS 352
D. THE VITAMIN A DEFICIENT TESTIS 353
E. GENETI
C ANALYSIS OF RETINOID FUNCTION 354
I. OVERVIEW OF MOUSE MUTANT
S 354
II
. MUTATION
S IN RETINOID RECEPTORS AND BINDING PROTEINS WITH
N
O TESTICULAR PHENOTYP
E 355
III
. MUTATION
S IN RETINOID RECEPTOR
S THAT RESULT IN MALE
STERILITY 356
1. RAR
S 356
2. RXR
S 357
F. WHER
E D
O WE G
O FROM HERE
? 358
I. ASSESSMENT OF LINEAGE SPECIFICITY OF RECEPTO
R FUNCTION
IN TH
E TESTIS 358
II
. IDENTIFICATION OF IN VIVO COFACTORS 359
III
. POTENTIAL TARGETS OF RETINOID ACTION DURING
SPERMATOGENESIS 360
1. MUTATION
S AFFECTING SPERMATOGENESIS 360
2. GENE
S WHOSE TESTICULAR EXPRESSION IS AFFECTED
BY RETINOIDS 361
3. OTHE
R RETINOID-RESPONSIVE GENE
S 362
REFERENCES 363
CHAPTE
R 13
THE ROL
E O
F RETINOIDS IN VERTEBRATE LIMB MORPHOGENESIS:
INTEGRATION OF RETINOID- AND CYTOKINE-MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
H.-C. LU
, C.
THALLER,
AND G.
EICHELE.
WILH 2 FIGURES 369
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 369
B. AN OVERVIEW OF RETINOID SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN THE
VERTEBRAT
E EMBRY
O 370
I. RETINOID REQUIREMEN
T IN DEVELOPMENT 371
II. RETINOIC ACID SYNTHESIZING ENZYMES AND DEGRADING
ENZYMES IN EMBRYOS 371
III
. RAR
S AND RXRS MEDIATE RETINOIC ACID SIGNAL
TRANSDUCTION IN VIVO AND AR
E REQUIRE
D FOR
DEVELOPMEN
T 373
XXIV CONTENTS
IV. RETINOI
D TARGET GENE
S 375
C. RETINOID
S IN VERTEBRAT
E LIM
B DEVELOPMEN
T 378
I. EMBRYOLOG
Y OF TH
E VERTEBRAT
E LIM
B 380
II
. THE ZON
E OF POLARIZING ACTIVITY 381
III
. RETINOID
S AN
D TH
E GENERATIO
N OF TH
E ZP
A 383
IV. RETINOID
S IN LIMB DIFFERENTIATIO
N 386
D. RETINOIDS IN LIMB REGENERATIO
N 387
REFERENCES 389
CHAPTE
R 14
RETINOIDS IN NEURAL DEVELOPMENT
M.
MADEN
.
WITH 2 FIGURES 399
A. THE INDUCTIO
N OF NEURONA
L DIFFERENTIATION IN CULTUR
E 399
I. EMBRYONA
L CARCINOM
A CELLS AN
D NEUROBLASTOM
A CELLS 399
II. DISSOCIATED OR EXPLANTE
D NEURONA
L CELLS 402
III.
NEURA
L CREST CELLS 403
B. THE EFFECTS OF EXCESS RETINOID
S ON TH
E CNS 404
I. EFFECT 1: POSTERIORISATION 405
II
. EFFECT 2: LOSS OF ANTERIO
R HINDBRAI
N 407
III
. EFFECT 3: TRANSFORMATION OF ANTERIO
R HINDBRAI
N 410
C. TH
E EFFECTS OF R
A ON ASSOCIATE
D CN
S STRUCTURE
S 411
D. THE EFFECTS OF A DEFICIENCY OF RETINOID
S ON TH
E CNS 412
I. DEPRIVATIO
N OF RETINOID
S 412
II. INHIBITION OF R
A SYNTHESIS 414
E. ENDOGENOU
S R
A IN TH
E CN
S 415
I. HPL
C DAT
A 415
II. TRANSGENIC EMBRYO
S 416
III.
REPORTE
R CELLS 417
IV. R
A SYNTHESISING ENZYME
S 419
V. WHICH CELLS IN THE NERVOU
S SYSTEM SYNTHESISE RA
? 421
F. BINDING PROTEIN
S AN
D RECEPTOR
S IN TH
E DEVELOPIN
G CN
S 421
I. CRB
P I 421
II. CRAB
P I 422
III. CRAB
P II 425
IV. RAR
S AND RXR
S 426
V. KNOCKOUTS OF BINDING PROTEIN
S AN
D RECEPTOR
S 427
VI
. DISRUPTION OF FUNCTION 428
VII
. RECEPTO
R SELECTIVE AGONIST
S 429
G. CONCLUSIONS 430
REFERENCES 430
CHAPTE
R 15
AVIAN EMBRYO AS MODEL FOR RETINOID FUNCTION IN EARLY DEVELOPMENT
M.H.
ZILE
.
WITH 1 FIGURE 443
CONTENTS XXV
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 443
B. TERATOGENI
C EFFECTS OF VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY AND EXCESS 444
C. MAMMALIA
N MODELS 446
D. AVIAN EMBRY
O RETINOI
D LIGAND KNOCKOUT
MODEL 447
E
. CARDIOGENESI
S 450
F. LEFT-RIGHT ASYMMETRY 451
G. VASCULOGENESIS 452
H. CENTRA
L NERVOU
S SYSTEM 453
I. ETHANOL-INDUCE
D RETINOID DEPLETION 454
X RETINOI
D METABOLISM 455
K. FUTUR
E DIRECTION
S 456
REFERENCE
S 457
CHAPTE
R 16
RETINOID RECEPTORS, THEIR LIGANDS, AND TERATOGENESIS: SYNERGY AND
SPECIFICITY OF EFFECTS
H.
NA
U
AN
D M.M.A.
ELMAZAR.
WITH 6 FIGURES 465
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 465
B. LIGAND
S OF THE RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S 467
I. ENDOGENOU
S LIGANDS OF THE RETINOID RECEPTOR
S 467
II
. RETINOI
D RECEPTO
R LIGANDS IN THE EMBRY
O 468
C. RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S AND BINDING PROTEINS IN THE EMBRYO 471
I. RETINOI
D BINDING PROTEINS IN THE EMBRY
O 471
II
. RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN THE EMBRYO 471
D. EXPERIMENTA
L MODELS FOR THE STUDY OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF
RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S IN TERATOGENESIS 472
I. LOSS OF FUNCTION
APPROACH
: STUDIES WITH NULL
MUTAN
T MICE 472
II
. GAI
N OF FUNCTION
APPROACH
: ADMINISTRATION OF SELECTIVE
RETINOI
D RECEPTO
R LIGANDS 473
E. SYNERGISTIC TERATOGENIC ACTION FOLLOWING COMBINED
ADMINISTRATIO
N OF RA
R AND RX
R LIGANDS 476
F. MOLECULA
R PATHWAYS OF VITAMIN A AND RETINOID TERATOGENESIS . .
. 478
G. CONCLUSIONS 479
REFERENCES 480
SECTION E: SKIN
CHAPTER
17
VITAMIN A HOMEOSTASIS IN HUMAN EPIDERMIS: NATIVE RETINOID
COMPOSITION AND METABOLISM
R.K.
RANDOLPH
AND G.
SIEGENTHALER.
WITH 4 FIGURES 491
CONTENTS
A. INTRODUCTION 491
B. TOTAL VITAMIN A CONTENT OF THE EPIDERMIS 492
C. VITAMIN A METABOLITES IN THE EPIDERMIS 493
D. RETINOID COMPOSITION OF EPIDERMAL COMPARTMENTS 497
E. RETINOID COMPOSITION OF CULTURED HUMAN KERATINOCYTES 498
F. EXTRACELLULAR RETINOID TRANSPORT 499
I. RETINOL 499
II. RETINOIC ACID 500
G. RETINOID METABOLISM IN EPIDERMIS 502
I. RETINOID-BINDING PROTEINS 502
1. CELLULAR RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN 502
2. CELLULAR RETINOIC ACID BINDING PROTEINS 504
II. VITAMIN A STORAGE, RETINYL ESTER SYNTHESIS
AND HYDROLYSIS 507
III. RETINOIC ACID SYNTHESIS 509
IV. RETINOIC ACID METABOLISM 511
V. 3,4-DIDEHYDRORETINOL SYNTHESIS AND METABOLISM 513
H. SUMMARY AND WORKING MODEL FOR RETINOID METABOLISM
IN EPIDERMIS 514
I. FUTURE PROSPECTS 515
REFERENCES 515
CHAPTER 18
NEW CONCEPTS FOR DELIVERY OF TOPICAL RETINOID ACTIVITY T
O HUMAN SKIN
J.-H.
SAURAT,
O.
SORG,
AND L.
DIDIERJEAN
.
WITH 2 FIGURES 521
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 521
B. THE PROLIGAND-NONLIGAND
CONCEP
T 524
C. ALL-MWW-RETINOL 525
D. ALL-MMS-RETINYL ESTER
S 527
E
. ALL-FRAM-RETINAL 530
F. ALL-FRA.?-RETINOYL-/J-GLUCURONIDE 533
G. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 534
REFERENCES 535
CHAPTE
R 19
RETINOID RECEPTOR-SELECTIVE AGONISTS AND THEIR ACTION IN SKIN
B.
SHROOT,
D.F.C.
GIBSON
,
AND X.-P. LU
. WITH 4 FIGURES 539
A. THE MOLECULAR ASPECT
S OF RETINOI
D SIGNALING 539
I. THE ROLE OF RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S 539
II. RA
R RECEPTOR-SELECTIVE RETINOID
S 541
III
. RX
R RECEPTO
R SELECTIVE RETINOID
S 542
B. VITAMIN A AND TH
E SKIN 543
CONTENTS XXVII
I. PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION WITHIN THE EPIDERMI
S 543
II
. VITAMIN A AND THE SKIN: THE HISTORICAL ASPECTS 543
III
. RAR
S AND RXR
S AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SKIN 544
IV. RETINOI
D EFFECTS UPO
N KERATINOCYTE PROLIFERATION AND
DIFFERENTIATION 545
V. MODULATIO
N OF INFLAMMATION AND THE IMMUNE RESPONS
E
IN SKIN BY R
A 546
VI
. RETINOI
D RECEPTOR
S AND SKIN FUNCTION 547
VII
. THE DEVELOPMEN
T OF SYNTHETIC RETINOIDS AND THEIR
ACTIO
N IN SKIN 548
1. ADAPALEN
E (CD271) 549
2. TAZAROTENE (AGN 190168) 550
C. APOPTOSIS
: A
N EMERGING ROLE FOR RETINOIDS 551
D. FUTUR
E PROSPECTS 552
REFERENCE
S 552
SECTION F: SPECIAL EFFECTS
CHAPTE
R 20
RETINOIDS IN MAMMALIAN VISION
J.C.
SAARL
WITH 5 FIGURES 563
A. INTRODUCTIO
N 563
I. OVERVIEW OF TH
E VISUAL PROCESS 563
II
. ANATOM
Y 564
III
. NOURISHMEN
T OF THE OUTE
R RETINA 566
IV. OVERVIEW OF THE VISUAL CYCLE 567
B. STRUCTUR
E AND FUNCTION OF VISUAL PIGMENTS 567
I. INTERACTIO
N OF 1 L-C-RETINA
L AND OPSIN 567
II
. CON
E VISUAL PIGMENTS 569
III
. IDENTIFICATION OF THE ACTIVATED PHOTOPRODUCT
S 570
C. VISUAL PIGMENT REGENERATIO
N 571
I. ALRRAM-RETINO
L DEHYDROGENASE 573
II
. MOVEMEN
T OF RETINOIDS BETWEEN RP
E AND
PHOTORECEPTOR
S 574
III
. REGENERATIO
N IN ROD
S COMPARE
D T
O CONES 575
IV. MIILLER CELLS 575
V. CONTRO
L OF THE VISUAL CYCLE 576
VI
. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN NEURAL RETINA AND RP
E 577
D. CELLULAR AND EXTRACELLULAR RETINOID-BINDING PROTEINS 578
I. CELLULAR RETINAL-BINDING PROTEIN 578
II. INTERPHOTORECEPTO
R RETINOID-BINDING PROTEIN 579
III
. CELLULAR RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN 580
IV. RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN 580
XXVIII CONTENTS
E
. DISEASES ASSOCIATE
D WITH RETINOI
D METABOLISM O
R FUNCTIO
N
IN TH
E RETIN
A 581
I. CONGENITAL STATIONAR
Y NIGHT BLINDNESS 581
II
. AUTOSOMA
L RECESSIVE RETINITI
S PIGMENTOSA 582
III
. RETINOID
S AND LIPOFUSCIN 582
F. SUMMARY 583
REFERENCES 583
CHAPTE
R 21
RETINOIDS AND IMMUNITY
C.E.
HAYES,
F.E.
NASHOLD
,
F.E.
GOMEZ
,
AND
K.A.
HOAG.
WITH 2 FIGURES 589
A
. INTRODUCTIO
N 589
B. INNAT
E IMMUNITY 590
I. NATURA
L KILLER CELLS 590
II
. PHAGOCYTIC CELLS 591
C. ADAPTIV
E IMMUNITY 591
I. ANTIBODY-MEDIATE
D IMMUNITY 591
II
. CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY 594
D. IMMUNITY T
O INFECTIONS 595
I. MEASLES INFECTION 595
II
. HUMA
N IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 INFECTION 596
III
. PARASITIC INFECTIONS 597
E
. AUTOIMMUNIT
Y 597
I. RHEUMATOI
D ARTHRITI
S 597
II
. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 598
F. LYMPHOCYTE TURNOVER 599
G. VITAMIN A METABOLISM 599
I. ACTIVE METABOLITES FOR IMMUN
E FUNCTIO
N 599
II
. METABOLISM DURIN
G INFECTION O
R INFLAMMATION 600
H. MECHANISMS OF VITAMIN A ACTION IN TH
E IMMUN
E SYSTEM 601
I. SUMMARY AN
D FUTUR
E RESEARC
H DIRECTION
S 603
REFERENCES 603
SUBJECT INDEX
611
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)132725568 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV012707602 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QP905 |
| callnumber-raw | QP905 |
| callnumber-search | QP905 |
| callnumber-sort | QP 3905 |
| callnumber-subject | QP - Physiology |
| classification_rvk | XI 1701 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)41540311 (DE-599)BVBBV012707602 |
| dewey-full | 615/.1 615/.328 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 615 - Pharmacology and therapeutics |
| dewey-raw | 615/.1 615/.328 |
| dewey-search | 615/.1 615/.328 |
| dewey-sort | 3615 11 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV012707602 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:32:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3540658920 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008638128 |
| oclc_num | 41540311 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-188 DE-578 |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-188 DE-578 |
| physical | XXVIII, 619 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publishDateSearch | 1999 |
| publishDateSort | 1999 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Handbook of experimental pharmacology |
| series2 | Handbook of experimental pharmacology |
| spelling | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] contributors A. Agadir ... Ed. Heinz Nau and William S. Blaner Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1999 XXVIII, 619 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Handbook of experimental pharmacology 139 Retinoids cabt Retinoïden gtt Vitamine A gtt Retinoids Physiological effect Retinoids Therapeutic use Retinoids metabolism Retinoids pharmacology Retinoids therapeutic use Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd rswk-swf Physiologische Chemie (DE-588)4076124-1 gnd rswk-swf Pharmakologie (DE-588)4045687-0 gnd rswk-swf Therapie (DE-588)4059798-2 gnd rswk-swf Retinoide (DE-588)4177903-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Retinoide (DE-588)4177903-4 s Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 s DE-604 Therapie (DE-588)4059798-2 s Physiologische Chemie (DE-588)4076124-1 s Pharmakologie (DE-588)4045687-0 s Nau, Heinz 1943- Sonstige (DE-588)132725568 oth Agadir, Anissa Sonstige oth Handbook of experimental pharmacology 139 (DE-604)BV002390716 139 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008638128&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] Handbook of experimental pharmacology Retinoids cabt Retinoïden gtt Vitamine A gtt Retinoids Physiological effect Retinoids Therapeutic use Retinoids metabolism Retinoids pharmacology Retinoids therapeutic use Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd Physiologische Chemie (DE-588)4076124-1 gnd Pharmakologie (DE-588)4045687-0 gnd Therapie (DE-588)4059798-2 gnd Retinoide (DE-588)4177903-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4045981-0 (DE-588)4076124-1 (DE-588)4045687-0 (DE-588)4059798-2 (DE-588)4177903-4 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] |
| title_auth | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] |
| title_exact_search | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] |
| title_full | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] contributors A. Agadir ... Ed. Heinz Nau and William S. Blaner |
| title_fullStr | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] contributors A. Agadir ... Ed. Heinz Nau and William S. Blaner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] contributors A. Agadir ... Ed. Heinz Nau and William S. Blaner |
| title_short | Retinoids |
| title_sort | retinoids the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin a and retinoid action with 36 tables |
| title_sub | the biochemical and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action ; [with 36 tables] |
| topic | Retinoids cabt Retinoïden gtt Vitamine A gtt Retinoids Physiological effect Retinoids Therapeutic use Retinoids metabolism Retinoids pharmacology Retinoids therapeutic use Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd Physiologische Chemie (DE-588)4076124-1 gnd Pharmakologie (DE-588)4045687-0 gnd Therapie (DE-588)4059798-2 gnd Retinoide (DE-588)4177903-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Retinoids Retinoïden Vitamine A Retinoids Physiological effect Retinoids Therapeutic use Retinoids metabolism Retinoids pharmacology Retinoids therapeutic use Physiologie Physiologische Chemie Pharmakologie Therapie Retinoide Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008638128&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002390716 |
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