Introduction to logic:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Macmillan
1986
|
| Ausgabe: | 7. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 617 S. graph.Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0023250208 0029461006 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1811727976553775104 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Irving M Gopi
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII
INTRODUCTION TO
LOGIC
SEVENTH EDITION
MACMILLAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
NEW YORK
Collier Macmillan Publishers
LONDON
Contents
PART ONE LANGUAGE
CHAPTER 1 Introduction 3
1 1 What Is Logic? 3
1 2 Premisses and Conclusions 5
1 3 Diagrams for Single Arguments 18
1 4 Recognizing Arguments 28
1 5 Passages Containing Several Arguments 38
1 6 Problem Solving 50
CHAPTER 2 The Uses of Language 61
2 1 Three Basic Functions of Language 61
2 2 Discourse Serving Multiple Functions 64
2 3 The Forms of Discourse 67
2 4 Emotive Words 75
2 5 Kinds of Agreement and Disagreement 78
2 6 Emotively Neutral Language 85
CHAPTER 3 Fallacies 89
3 1 Classification of Fallacies 89
3 2 Fallacies of Relevance 91
3 3 Fallacies of Ambiguity 113
3 4 The Avoidance of Fallacies 125
CHAPTER 4 Definition 131
4 1 Five Purposes of Definition 131
4 2 Verbal Disputes and Definition 136
xii CONTENTS
4 3 Five Types of Definition 140
4 4 Various Kinds of Meaning 147
4 5 Techniques for Defining 152
4 6 Rules for Definition by Genus and Difference 158
PART TWO DEDUCTION
CHAPTER 5 Categorical Propositions 169
5 1 Categorical Propositions and Classes 169
5 2 Quality, Quantity, and Distribution 173
5 3 The Traditional Square of Opposition 177
5 4 Further Immediate Inferences 181
5 5 Existential Import 190
5 6 Symbolism and Diagrams for Categorical
Propositions 194
CHAPTER 6 Categorical Syllogisms 201
6 1 Standard-Form Categorical Syllogisms 201
6 2 The Formal Nature of Syllogistic Argument 205
6 3 Venn Diagram Technique for Testing Syllogisms 208
6 4 Rules and Fallacies 217
CHAPTER 7 Arguments in Ordinary Language 226
7 1 Reducing the Number of Terms in a Syllogistic
Argument 226
7 2 Translating Categorical Propositions into Standard
Form 230
7 3 Uniform Translation 237
7 4 Enthymemes 243
7 5 Sorites 248
7 6 Disjunctive and Hypothetical Syllogisms 251
7 7 The Dilemma 258
CHAPTER 8 Symbolic Logic 266
8 1 The Value of Special Symbols 266
8 2 The Symbols for Conjunction, Negation, and
Disjunction 267
8 3 Conditional Statements and Material Implication 279
CONTENTS xiii
8 4 Argument Forms and Arguments 288
8 5 Statement Forms and Statements 300
8 6 The Paradoxes of Material Implication 305
8 7 The Three Laws of Thought 306
CHAPTER 9 The Method of Deduction 309
9 1 Formal Proof of Validity 309
9 2 The Rule of Replacement 318
9 3 Proof of Invalidity 330
9 4 Inconsistency 333
CHAPTER 10 Quantification Theory 340
10 1 Singular Propositions 340
10 2 Quantification 343
10 3 Traditional Subject-Predicate Propositions 346
10 4 Proving Validity 352
10 5 Proving Invalidity 359
10 6 Asyllogistic Inference 363
CHAPTER 11 The Logic of Relations 371
11 1 Symbolizing Relations 371
11 2 Some Attributes of Relations 384
11 3 The Relation of Identity 386
11 4 Frege on Sense and Reference 390
11 5 Russell on Denoting 394
PART THREE INDUCTION
CHAPTER 12 Analogy and Probable Inference 403
12 1 Argument by Analogy 403
12 2 Appraising Analogical Arguments 411
12 3 Refutation by Logical Analogy 421
CHAPTER 13 Causal Connections: Mill's Methods of
Experimental Inquiry 428
13 1 The Meaning of Cause 428
13 2 Mill's Methods 434
13 3 Criticisms of Mill's Methods 456
13 4 Vindication of Mill's Methods 462
XIV CONTENTS
CHAPTER 14 Science and Hypothesis 479
14 1 The Values of Science 479
14 2 Explanations: Scientific and Unscientific 482
14 3 Evaluating Scientific Explanations 487
14 4 The Detective as Scientist 492
14 5 Scientists in Action: The Pattern of Scientific
Investigation 501 i
14 6 Crucial Experiments and Ad Hoc Hypotheses 506
14 7 Classification as Hypothesis 511
CHAPTER 15 Probability 529
15 1 Alternative Conceptions of Probability 529
15 2 The Probability Calculus 532
15 3 Expectation or Expected Value 542
APPENDIX A Deduction and Induction 547
APPENDIX B Truth and Validity 551
Solutions to Selected Exercises 555
Special Symbols 597
Index 599 |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Copi, Irving M. 1917-2002 Verfasser (DE-588)12049275X aut Introduction to logic Irving M. Copi 7. ed. New York [u.a.] Macmillan 1986 XIV, 617 S. graph.Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Logic Textbooks Mathematische Logik (DE-588)4037951-6 gnd rswk-swf Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 s DE-604 Mathematische Logik (DE-588)4037951-6 s 1\p DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008536952&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Copi, Irving M. 1917-2002 Introduction to logic Logic Textbooks Mathematische Logik (DE-588)4037951-6 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd |
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| title | Introduction to logic |
| title_auth | Introduction to logic |
| title_exact_search | Introduction to logic |
| title_full | Introduction to logic Irving M. Copi |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to logic Irving M. Copi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to logic Irving M. Copi |
| title_short | Introduction to logic |
| title_sort | introduction to logic |
| topic | Logic Textbooks Mathematische Logik (DE-588)4037951-6 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Logic Textbooks Mathematische Logik Logik Einführung |
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