Fluid dynamics: theoretical and computational approaches
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1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton [u.a.]
CRC Press
1999
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Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | 726 S. graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 0849324076 |
Internformat
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100 | 1 | |a Warsi, Zahir U. A. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fluid dynamics |b theoretical and computational approaches |c Z. U. A. Warsi |
250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton [u.a.] |b CRC Press |c 1999 | |
300 | |a 726 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
650 | 7 | |a Dynamica |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Idealen (wiskunde) |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Navier-Stokes-vergelijkingen |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Reologie |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Turbulentie |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Viscositeit |2 gtt | |
650 | 4 | |a Fluid dynamics | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Strömungsmechanik |0 (DE-588)4077970-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Table of Contents
Chapter 1
KINEMATICS OF FLUID MOTION
1 1 Introduction to Continuum Motion 1
1 2 Fluid Particles 1
1 3 Inertial Coordinate Frames 1
1 4 Motion of a Continuum 2
1 5 The Time Derivatives 5
1 6 Velocity and Acceleration 5
1 7 Steady and Nonsteady Flow 9
1 8 Trajectories of Fluid Particles and Streamlines 9
1 9 Material Volume and Surface 10
1 10 Relation Between Elemental Volumes 11
1 11 The Kinematics Formulae of Euler and Reynolds 12
1 12 Control Volume and Surface 14
1 13 Kinematics of Deformation 15
1 14 Kinematics of Vorticity and Circulation 20
Vortex Line 20
Vortex Tbbe 20
Rate of Change of Circulation 22
Reference 23
Problems 23
Chapter 2
THE CONSERVATION LAWS AND THE KINETICS OF FLOW
2 1
2 2
2 3
2 4
2 5
2 6
2 7
2 8
2 9
2 10
2 11
2 12
2 13
2 14
2 15
2 16
Fluid Density and the Conservation of Mass 29
Principle of Mass Conservation 29
Time Variation of pP 30
Particular Forms of the Continuity Equation 30
Mass Conservation Using a Control Volume 31
Kinetics of Fluid Flow 31
Stress Principle of Cauchy 32
Conservation of Linear and Angular Momentum 32
Conservation of Linear Momentum 32
Conservation of Angular Momentum 33
Nature of the Stress Vector 33
Symmetry of T 36
Equations of Linear and Angular Momentum 37
Momentum Conservation Using a Control Volume 38
Conservation of Energy 39
Energy Conservation Using a Control Volume 42
General Conservation Principle 42
The Closure Problem 42
Stokes’ Law of Friction 45
The Postulates of Stokes 46
Stokesian Stress Tensor 47
The Interpretation of Pressure 50
The Dissipation Function 51
Constitutive Equation for Non-Newtonian Fluids 52
Thermodynamic Aspects of Pressure and Viscosity 54
Ideal Gases 55
Concept of Viscosity in Fluids 57
Sutherland Formula for Viscosity 58
2 17 Equations of Motion in Lagrangian Coordinates 59
References 62
Problems 63
Chapter 3
THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS
3 1 Formulation of the Problem 65
Cartesian Coordinates 65
Curvilinear Coordinates 66
3 2 Viscous Compressible Flow Equations 67
Conservation of Mass 67
Conservation of Momentum 67
Equations of Mechanical Energy 68
Equations of Internal Energy 68
Equations of Entropy and Enthalpy 68
Equations of Energy 69
Conservation of Total Kinetic Energy 69
3 3 Viscous Incompressible Flow Equations 70
Conservation of Mass 70
Conservation of Momentum 70
Equation of Vorticity 70
Equation of Internal Energy 71
Equation of Pressure 71
3 4 Equations of Inviscid Flow (Euler’s Equations) 72
Conservation of Mass 72
Conservation of Momentum 73
Equations of Entropy and Enthalpy 73
Conservation of Energy 73
Conservation of Total Kinetic Energy 73
Inviscid Barotropic Row 73
3 5 Initial and Boundary Conditions 74
3 6 Mathematical Nature of the Equations 75
3 7 Vorticity and Circulation 75
Vorticity and Circulation for Inviscid Ruids 76
The Bernoulli Equation 77
3 8 Some Results Based on the Equations of Motion 79
Force Acting on a Solid Body 79
Stress Vector and Tensor at a Surface 80
Vorticity Vector at the Surface 81
Rate-of-Strain Tensor at a Surface 81
3 9 Nondimensional Parameters in Ruid Motion 82
Principle of Similarity 85
Dynamic Similarity 85
Variable Nondimensional Parameters 86
Principles of Reynold’s Number Similarity 86
3 10 Coordinate Transformation , 88
Orthogonal Coordinates 88
Navier-Stokes’ Equations in Orthogonal Coordinates 93
Nonorthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates 94
Steady Eulerian Coordinates 94
Nonsteady Eulerian Coordinates 97
Equations in General Coordinates 102
Equations in General Coordinates Using Contravariant Components 103
3 11
3 12
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
4 5
4 6
4 7
4 8
4 9
4 10
4 11
4 12
Equations in General Coo
Equations in General Coo
Equations in Nonsteady E
Equations in Curvilinear
Streamlines and Stream S
Two-Dimensional Stream
Three-Dimensional Stre
Navier-Stokes’ Equations
Two-Dimensional and Axi
Three-Dimensional Rows
References
Problems
FL
Introduction
Parti
The Bernoulli Constant
Irrotational Rows
Boundary Conditions
Two-Dimensional Irrotati
Examples of Analytic Fu
Blausius Formulae for Fo
Method of Conformal Ma
Kutta-Joukowskii’s Trans
Pure Circulatory Motion
Row Past a Wing Profile
An Iterative Method for t
Sources, Sinks, and Doub
Sources and Sinks in Thr
Doublets in Three Dimen
Induced Velocities Due t
Part
Basic Thermodynamics
First Law of Thermodyn
Second Law of Thermod
Deductions from the Two
Specific Heats
Enthalpy
Maxwell Equations
Isentropic State
Speed of Sound
Thermodynamic Relatio
Perfect Gases
Subsonic and Supersonic
Critical and Stagnation
Isentropic Ideal Gas Rel
One-Dimensional Unste
Steady Plane Row of In
Stream Function Formul
Irrotational Row of an I
Case of Small Perturbati
Subsonic Row
Supersonic Row
Theory of Shock Waves
58
Coordinates 59
62
63
Chapter 3
-STOKES EQUATIONS
tions
y
ergy
uations
r’s Equations)
py
nergy
ations
iscid Fluids
ations of Motion
rface
ce
Fluid Motion
eters
r Similarity
rthogonal Coordinates
ordinates
es
tes
tes Using Contravariant Components
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103
Equations in General Coordinates Using Covariant Components 104
Equations in General Coordinates with Vectors and Tensor Densities 104
Equations in Nonsteady Eulerian Coordinates 106
Equations in Curvilinear Coordinates with Cartesian Velocity Components 110
Streamlines and Stream Surfaces Ill
Two-Dimensional Stream Function : Ill
Three-Dimensional Stream Functions 113
Navier-Stokes’ Equations in Stream Function Form 114
Two-Dimensional and Axially Symmetric Flows 114
Three-Dimensional Flows 116
References 123
Problems 124
Chapter 4
FLOW OF INVISCID FLUIDS
Introduction 135
Part I: Inviscid Incompressible Flow
The Bernoulli Constant 136
Irrotational Flows 136
Boundary Conditions 137
Two-Dimensional Irrotational Flows 138
Examples of Analytic Functions for Inviscid Flows 140
Blausius Formulae for Force and Moment 145
Method of Conformal Mapping in Inviscid Flows 148
Kutta-Joukowskii’s Transformation 150
Pure Circulatory Motion Around a Plate 152
Flow Past a Wing Profile 152
An Iterative Method for the Numerical Generation of z =f(Q 155
Sources, Sinks, and Doublets in Three Dimensions 157
Sources and Sinks in Three Dimensions 158
Doublets in Three Dimensions 159
Induced Velocities Due to Line and Sheet Vortices 160
Part II: Inviscid Compressible Flow
Basic Thermodynamics 162
First Law of Thermodynamics 163
Second Law of Thermodynamics 164
Deductions from the Two Thermodynamic Laws 166
Specific Heats 168
Enthalpy 169
Maxwell Equations 170
Isentropic State 171
Speed of Sound 172
Thermodynamic Relations for an Ideal Gas 172
Perfect Gases 173
Subsonic and Supersonic Flow 174
Critical and Stagnation Quantities 175
Isentropic Ideal Gas Relations 177
One-Dimensional Unsteady Inviscid Compressible Flow 178
Steady Plane Flow of Inviscid Gases 186
Stream Function Formulation 187
Irrotational Flow of an Inviscid Gas 188
Case of Small Perturbations 189
Subsonic Row 190
Supersonic Flow 191
Theory of Shock Waves 193
Shock Relations for an Arbitrarily Moving Shock 193
First Shock Condition 194
Second Shock Condition 195
Third Shock Condition 195
Fourth Shock Condition 195
Shock Surface, Slip surface, and Contact Discontinuity 197
Energy Equation for a Shock Surface 197
Hugonoit Equation 198
Summary of All Shock Relations 198
The Role of Entropy 200
Stationary Shocks 201
Stationary Normal Shock 201
Stationary Oblique Shocks 202
Prandtl’s Relation 203
Shock Polar for Stationary Oblique Shocks 205
References 206
Problems 206
Chapter 5
LAMINAR VISCOUS FLOW
Part I: Exact Solutions
5 1 Introduction
5 2 Exact Solutions
Flow on an Infinite Plate
Flow Between Two Infinite Parallel Plates
Flow Between Rotating Coaxial Cylinders (Circular Couette Row)
Steady Row Through a Cylindrical Pipe (Hagen-Poiseuille Row)
Row in the Entrance Region of a Circular Pipe
Nonsteady Unidirectional How
Stokes Problems
Ekman Layer Problems
Motion Produced Due to a Vortex Filament
Two-Dimensional Stagnation Point Row (Heimenz Row)
Axially Symmetric Stagnation Point Row (Homann Row)
Motion Between Two Inclined Plates
Exact Solutions in Slow Motion
Row Past a Rigid Sphere
Row Past a Rigid Circular Cylinder
Part II: Boundary Layers
Introduction
Formulation of the Boundary Layer Problem
Method of Inner and Outer Limits
Boundary Layer on Two-Dimensional Curved Surfaces
Boundary Layer Parameters
Separation of the Two-Dimensional Steady Boundary Layers
Transformed Boundary Layer Equations
Similar Boundary Layers
Boundary Layer on a Semi-Infinite Plate
Solution of the Blausius Equation
Boundary Layer on a Wedge
Numerical Solution of the Falkner-Skan Equation
Nonsimilar Boundary Layers
Gortler’s Series Solution
5 9 Momentum Integral Equation
Solution of the Momentum Integral Equation
5 3
5 4
5 5
5 6
5 7
5 8
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„ 273
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„275
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5 10
5 11
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5 22
Choice of the Velocity
Free Boundary Layers
Row in the Wake of a
Two-Dimensional Jet
Axially Symmetric Jet
Numerical Solution of
Numerical Solution of
Errors: Truncation and
Crank and Nicolson
Dufort and Frankel
Three-Point Scheme
Solution of the Bound
The Box Method
Three-Dimensional Bou
The Metric Coefficients
The Matching Conditio
Equations in Rotating C
Choice of Surface Co or
Internal Cartesian Coor
Nondevelopable Surfa
Physical Consequences
Intrinsic Coordinates
Domains of Dependenc
Momentum Integral Eq
Separation and Attachm
Limiting Streamlines an
Boundary Layers on Bo
Mangler’s Transformati
Boundary Layer on Ya
Cross Row
Transformed Equations
Three-Dimensional Sta
Boundary Layer on Rot
Numerical Solution of
Unsteady Boundary La
Purely Unsteady Bound
Periodic Boundary Lay
Separation of Unsteady
Mathematical Formula!
Numerical Method of S
Second Order Boun
Method of Matched As
Outer Expansion
Some Important Deriva
Inner Expansion
The First and Second O
Matching of Inner and
A Unified Second Orde
Matching
Inverse Problems in Bo
Inverse Formulation wi
Formulation of the Co
Estimation of the Visco
External Row Equatio
Particular Cases
Numerical Solution of
Moving Shock 193
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Contact Discontinuity 197
ace 197
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ue Shocks 205
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Chapter 5
R VISCOUS FLOW
I: Exact Solutions
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lei Plates 222
Cylinders (Circular Couette Flow) 223
cal Pipe (Hagen-Poiseuille Flow) 225
a Circular Pipe 227
228
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230
x Filament 232
int Flow (Heimenz Flow) 234
oint Flow (Homann Flow) 234
lates 235
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239
nder 243
: Boundary Layers
248
yer Problem ‘ 249
its 254
sional Curved Surfaces 255
257
onal Steady Boundary Layers 259
uations 264
265
nite Plate 267
on 268
271
er-Skan Equation 273
274
275
280
gral Equation 281
Choice of the Velocity Profile 284
5 10 Free Boundary Layers 285
Flow in the Wake of a Flat Plate 285
Two-Dimensional Jet 287
Axially Symmetric Jet 289
5 11 Numerical Solution of the Boundary Layer Equation 290
Numerical Solution of the Diffusion Equation 291
Errors: Truncation and Round-Off 291
Crank and Nicolson 293
Dufort and Frankel 293
Three-Point Scheme 293
Solution of the Boundary Layer Equation 294
The Box Method 296
5 12 Three-Dimensional Boundary Layers 299
The Metric Coefficients 300
The Matching Conditions 301
Equations in Rotating Coordinates 303
Choice of Surface Coordinates 305
Internal Cartesian Coordinates 307
Nondevelopable Surfaces 308
Physical Consequences of Three Dimensionality 309
Intrinsic Coordinates 309
Domains of Dependence and Influence 310
5 13 Momentum Integral Equations in Three Dimensions 311
5 14 Separation and Attachment in Three Dimensions 312
Limiting Streamlines and Vortex Lines 314
5 15 Boundary Layers on Bodies of Revolution and Yawed Cylinders 315
Mangler’s Transformation 317
Boundary Layer on Yawed Cylinders 317
Cross Flow 319
Transformed Equations for Yawed Cylinders 320
5 16 Three-Dimensional Stagnation Point Flow 320
5 17 Boundary Layer on Rotating Blades 321
5 18 Numerical Solution of 3-D Boundary Layer Equations 322
5 19 Unsteady Boundary Layers 324
Purely Unsteady Boundary Layers 324
Periodic Boundary Layers 326
Separation of Unsteady Boundary Layers 329
Mathematical Formulation of the M-R-S Principle 330
Numerical Method of Solution of Unsteady Equations 331
5 20 Second Order Boundary Layer Theory 332
Method of Matched Asymptotic Expansion 334
Outer Expansion 334
Some Important Derivatives at the Wall 338
Inner Expansion 338
The First and Second Order Boundary Layer Problems 339
Matching of Inner and Outer Solutions 340
A Unified Second Order Correct Viscous Model 342
Matching 343
5 21 Inverse Problems in Boundary Layers 346
Inverse Formulation with Assigned Displacement Thickness 347
5 22 Formulation of the Compressible Boundary Layer Problem 348
Estimation of the Viscous Terms 350
External Flow Equations and the Boundary Conditions 353
Particular Cases 354
Numerical Solution of Compressible Boundary Layer Equations 354
5 23
5 24
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5 26
5 27
5 28
6 1
6 2
6 3
6 4
6 5
6 6
6 7
6 8
Part HI: Navier-Stokes’ Formulation
Incompressible Flow 358
Formulation of the Problem in Primitive Variables 259
Ad Hoc Modification 360
Formulation of the Problem in Vorticity/Potential Form 360
Vorticity-Stream Function Formulation 361
Vorticity-Potential Function Formulation 362
Integro-Differential Formulation 364
Application of the Boundary Conditions 365
Basic Computational Aspects 366
Compressible Flow 366
Determination of Temperature 368
Hyperbolic Equations and Conservation Laws 272
System of Quasilinear Equations from the Conservation Equations 380
Hyperbolic Equations in Higher Dimensions 284
Numerical Transformation and Grid Generation 385
Equations for Grid Generation 385
Gaussian Equations for Grid Generation 387
Numerical Algorithms for Viscous Compressible Flows 387
Nature of the Difference Schemes 393
Formulation for Compressible Navier-Stokes’ Equations 397
Thin-Layer Navier-Stokes’ Equations (TLNS) 401
Parabolized Navier-Stokes’ Equations (PNS) 401
References 402
Problems 406
Chapter 6
TURBULENT FLOW
Part I: Stability Theory and the Statistical Description of Turbulence
Introduction 421
Stability of Laminar Flows 421
Formulation of the Problem 421
Formulation for Plane Parallel Laminar Flows 424
Squire’s Theorem 426
Temporal and Spatial Instabilities 427
Boundary Conditions for the Orr-Sommerfeld Equation 428
Temporal Stability 430
Temporal Stability at Infinite Reynolds’ Number 431
Rayleigh’s First Theorem 432
Rayleigh’s Second Theorem 432
Numerical Algorithm for the Orr-Sommerfeld Equation 435
Transition to Turbulence 438
Statistical Methods in Turbulent Continuum Mechanics 439
Average or Mean ofTXirbulent Quantities 440
Time and Space Averaging 440
Time Average 441
Ensemble Average 441
Space Average 443
Basic Axioms of Averaging 444
Statistical Concepts 445
Probability Distribution Functions 445
Probability Density 446
Mathematical Expectation 447
Correlation Functions 448
Stationary Processes 448
Characteristic Functions
Gaussian Distribution
6 9 Internal Structure in the Physical Space
Second and Third Order Correlations
Dynamic Equation of Correlations
Homogeneous Turbulence
Homogeneous Shear Türbulence
Isotropic Turbulence
Analysis of Isotropic Turbulence
Longitudinal and Lateral Correlations
Approximate Analysis
Dynamic Equation for Isotropic Turbulence
6 10 Internal Structure in the Wave Number Space
Some General Definitions
Dynamic Equation of Homogeneous Turbulence in the k-Space
Analysis of Isotropic Tbrbulence in the k-Space
Connection Between u2f(r, t) and E(k, /)
Formulation of One-Dimensional Spectrum
Taylor’s Formulae
6 11 The Theory of Universal Equilibrium i
Determination of E(k, t) Based on Kolmogorov’s Hypothesis
Transfer Theories
Comparison of Taylor’s and Kolmogorov’s Dissipation Lengths
Integral Length and Time Scales
Part II: Development of the Averaged Equations
6 12 Introduction
6 13 Averaged Equations for Incompressible Flow
Equation of Tiirbulence Kinetic Energy
Equations of Mean-Square Vorticity Fluctuations
Rate Equation for the Reynolds’ Stresses
Rate Equation for the Dissipation e
Physical Interpretation of the Terms
Analysis of the Pressure-Strain Correlation
6 14 Average Equations for Compressible Row
Equation of the Turbulence Energy and the Reynolds’ Stress
Dissipation Function
6 15 Tbrbulent Boundary Layer Equations
Equations in Rectangular Cartesian Coordinates
Two-Dimensional Equations
Three-Dimensional Equations
Equations in Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates
Part III: Basic Empirical and Boundary Layer Results in Tiirbulence
6 16 The Closure Problem
6 17 Prandtl’s Mixing Length Hypothesis
Turbulent Row Near a Wall
Experimental Determination of ht
Application of the Logarithmic Formula in Pipe Row
Power Laws for the Velocity Distribution
Rough Pipes
6 18 Wall-Bound TXirbulent Rows
6 19 Analysis of Turbulent Boundary Layer Velocity Profiles
Law of the Wall for Compressible Flow
6 20 Momentum Integral Methods in Boundary Layers
Method of Tfuckenbrodt
Method of Head
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6 33
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Differential Equation Methods in Two-Dimensional Boundary Layers
Zero-Equation Modeling in Boundary Layers
One-Equation Model of Glushko
Part IV: Tbrbulence Modeling
Generalization of Boussinesq’s Hypothesis
Specification of the Length Scale
Zero-Equation Modeling in Shear Layers
Thin Shear Layers
One-Equation Modeling
Choice of the Constants b,, b3, and b5
Modifications Due to the Explicit Effects of Viscosity
Two-Equation (K- g ) Modeling
Modeling of the Dissipation Rate Equation
Modeling for Separated Flows
Reynolds’ Stress Equation Modeling
Determination of the Constants c, and c2
Another Modeling of the Energy Equation
The Wall Boundary Conditions
Application to Two-Dimensional Thin Shear Layers
Algebraic Reynolds’ Stress Closure
Development of a Nonlinear Constitutive Equation
Extension to Compressible Flow
Current Approaches to Nonlinear Modeling
Heuristic Modeling
Modeling for Compressible Flow
Stokes’ Law of Friction
Complete Stress Tensor
Heat Flux
Production of Turbulence Energy
Model Equations
Justification of the Modeling Constants for Compressible Flow
Three-Dimensional Boundary Layers
Eddy Viscosity Approach to 3-D Boundary Layers
References
Problems
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Mathematical Exposition 1
BASE VECTORS AND VARIOUS REPRESENTATIONS
Introduction 609
Representations in Rectangular Cartesian Systems 610
Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors 611
Differential Operations on Tensors 612
Gradient 612
Divergence 613
Curl 614
Multiplication of a Tensor and a Vector 614
Scalar Multiplication of Two Tensors 615
A Collection of Usable Formulae 616
Taylor’s Expansion in Vector Form 618
Principal Axes of a Tensor 618
Transformation of T to the Principal Axes 620
Quadratic Form and the Eigenvalue Problem 622
Representation in Curvilinear Coordinates 622
Fundamental Metric Components 625
Elemental Displacement Vector 627
o-Dimensional Boundary Layers ary Layers rbulence Modeling pothesis 541 543 544 547 548
Layers 550
550
551
b5 552
Effects of Viscosity 554
556
Equation 557
558
558
561
uation 562
563
in Shear Layers 564
re 566
stitutive Equation 568
571
578
582
583
584
584
585
586
586
stants for Compressible Flow 588
588
Boundary Layers 592
593
596
matical Exposition 1
VARIOUS REPRESENTATIONS
609
artesian Systems 610
: 611
612
613
614
614
615
616
618
618
cipal Axes 620
alue Problem 622
oordinates 622
627
Vector
r sors
e
rm
Differentiation of Base Vectors 628
Gradient of a Vector 630
Divergence and Curl of Vectors 631
Divergence of Second Order Tensors 632
Christoffel Symbols in Three Dimensions 633
First Kind 633
Second Kind 634
Some Derivative Relations 637
Normal Derivative of Functions 638
Physical Components in Curvilinear Coordinates 638
Scalar and Double Dot Products of Two Tensors 639
Mathematical Exposition 2
THEOREMS OF GAUSS, GREEN, AND STOKES
Gauss’ Theorem 641
Green’s Theorem 641
Stokes’ Theorem * 642
Mathematical Exposition 3
GEOMETRY OF SPACE AND PLANE CURVES
Basic Theory of Curves 645
Tangent Vector 646
Principal Normal 646
Binormal Vector 647
Serret-Frenet Equations 647
Plane Curves 647
Mathematical Exposition 4
FORMULAE FOR COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION
Introduction 651
Transformation Laws for Scalars 651
Transformation Laws for Vectors 652
Transformation Laws for Tensors 654
Transformation Laws for the Christoffel Symbols 656
Some Formulae in Cartesian and Curvilinear Coordinates 656
Laplacian of an Absolute Scalar 657
Mathematical Exposition 5
POTENTIAL THEORY
Introduction 659
Formulae of Green 659
Green’s Formulae for Laplace Operator 660
Potential Theory 660
Integral Representation 661
The Delta Function 662
Integral Representation of Delta Function 663
Delta Function in Higher Dimensions 664
Delta Function and Fundamental Solution of the Laplace Equation 664
The Dirichlet Problem for the Poisson Equation 665
Particular Solution of Poisson’s Equation 666
General Representation of a Vector 666
Application of Green’s First Formula 667
Mathematical Exposition 6
SINGULARITIES OF THE FIRST ORDER ODES
1 Introduction 669
2 Singularities and Their Classification 669
Mathematical Exposition 7
GEOMETRY OF SURFACES
1 1 INTI
1 Basic Definitions 673
2 Formulae of Gauss 673
Christoffel Symbols Based on Surface Coefficients 674
3 Formulae of Weingarten 676
4 Equations of Gauss 676
5 Normal and Geodesic Curvatures 676
Longitudinal and Transverse Curvatures 679
6 Grid Generation in Surfaces 680
Mathematical Exposition 8
FINITE DIFFERENCE APPROXIMATION APPLIED TO PDE’S
1 Introduction 681
2 Calculus of Finite Difference 681
Methods of Interpolation 683
Cubic Spline Functions 684
3 Iterative Root-Finding 685
4 Numerical Integration 687
5 Finite Difference Approximations of Partial Derivatives 688
First Derivatives 688
Second Derivatives 688
6 Finite Difference Approximation of Parabolic PDE 689
Stable Schemes for Parabolic Equations 692
Crank-Nicolson’s Method 692
Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) Method 693
Leapfrog DuFort-Frankel Method 693
7 Finite Difference Approximation of Elliptic Equations 693
Point- and Line-Jacobi Method 696
Gauss-Seidel Iterative Method 696
Successive-Over-Relaxation (SOR) 697
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Mathematical Exposition 9
FRAME INVARIANCY
1 Introduction 699
2 Orthogonal Tensor 699
Time Differentiation 700
Change of Basis 700
3 Arbitrary Rectangular Frames of Reference 701
4 Check for Frame Invariancy 702
5 Use of Q 703
References for the Mathematical Expositions 704
Index 707
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|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Warsi, Zahir U. A. |
author_facet | Warsi, Zahir U. A. |
author_role | aut |
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building | Verbundindex |
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callnumber-first | Q - Science |
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ctrlnum | (OCoLC)39052176 (DE-599)BVBBV012516430 |
dewey-full | 532/.05 |
dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
dewey-ones | 532 - Fluid mechanics |
dewey-raw | 532/.05 |
dewey-search | 532/.05 |
dewey-sort | 3532 15 |
dewey-tens | 530 - Physics |
discipline | Physik |
edition | 2. ed. |
format | Book |
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id | DE-604.BV012516430 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:28:56Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 0849324076 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008496333 |
oclc_num | 39052176 |
open_access_boolean | |
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owner_facet | DE-703 DE-1046 DE-29T DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-522 DE-634 DE-11 |
physical | 726 S. graph. Darst. |
publishDate | 1999 |
publishDateSearch | 1999 |
publishDateSort | 1999 |
publisher | CRC Press |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Warsi, Zahir U. A. Verfasser aut Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches Z. U. A. Warsi 2. ed. Boca Raton [u.a.] CRC Press 1999 726 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Dynamica gtt Idealen (wiskunde) gtt Navier-Stokes-vergelijkingen gtt Reologie gtt Turbulentie gtt Viscositeit gtt Fluid dynamics Strömungsmechanik (DE-588)4077970-1 gnd rswk-swf Strömungsmechanik (DE-588)4077970-1 s DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008496333&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Warsi, Zahir U. A. Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches Dynamica gtt Idealen (wiskunde) gtt Navier-Stokes-vergelijkingen gtt Reologie gtt Turbulentie gtt Viscositeit gtt Fluid dynamics Strömungsmechanik (DE-588)4077970-1 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4077970-1 |
title | Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches |
title_auth | Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches |
title_exact_search | Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches |
title_full | Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches Z. U. A. Warsi |
title_fullStr | Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches Z. U. A. Warsi |
title_full_unstemmed | Fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches Z. U. A. Warsi |
title_short | Fluid dynamics |
title_sort | fluid dynamics theoretical and computational approaches |
title_sub | theoretical and computational approaches |
topic | Dynamica gtt Idealen (wiskunde) gtt Navier-Stokes-vergelijkingen gtt Reologie gtt Turbulentie gtt Viscositeit gtt Fluid dynamics Strömungsmechanik (DE-588)4077970-1 gnd |
topic_facet | Dynamica Idealen (wiskunde) Navier-Stokes-vergelijkingen Reologie Turbulentie Viscositeit Fluid dynamics Strömungsmechanik |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008496333&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT warsizahirua fluiddynamicstheoreticalandcomputationalapproaches |