Double eagle and crescent: Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New York
State Univ. of New York Press
1967
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XVIII, 447 S. Ill., Kt. |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Titel: Double Eagle and crescent
Autor: Barker, Thomas Mack
Jahr: 1967
Contents
Preface vii
Part One: Fades Europae 1648-1679
Chapter One: The Habsburg Monarchy..................3
A. Emperor Leopold I..........................5
Strengths and Virtues........................5
Personality Deficiencies...........8
The Problem of Motivation..........10
B. Austria in Early Modern Times..........11
The Growth of a Bureaucracy.........12
The Estates...............14
Economics and Culture...........15
C. Hungary and Transylvania...........16
Ottoman Ruled Territory...........16
The Frontier..............17
The Habsburg Lands............19
A Haven for Nationality...........20
D. Political Affairs 1648-1671 ......................22
Hybris................22
The Turkish War of 1663-1664 ..................24
The Treaty of Vasvár............25
The Magnates Conspiracy..........27
E. Absolutism Manqué 1671-1679 ....................28
A Policy of Repression............29
The Kuroczok Rising............31
Imre Thököly..............33
Chapter Two: The East and the Southeast........37
A. Poland in the Seventeenth Century........37
Internal Conditions............37
The Deluge...............39
Michael Korybut-Wisnowiecki.........41
B. John Sobieski...............42
Early Years...............44
Personality Traits.............45
The Rise to Power.............47
xiii
xiv Contents
C. International Relations 1674-1679 ..................48
In the Wake of France............48
The Wavering Compass...........51
Muscovy and the Ukraine...........53
D. The Structure of the Ottoman Empire........55
The Theory of Parasitism...........56
The Theory of Class Conflict..........58
Further Alternatives............61
E. Ottoman Politics 1648-1679 ......................63
Mehmed Köprülü and His Sultan........63
Ahmed Köprülü.............65
France and the Porte............66
F. Kara Mustafa...............68
Early Career and Character..........69
Objectives...............71
Chapter Three: Southern and Western Europe.......73
A. The Mediterranean World...........73
Venice................73
The Papacy...............74
Papal Helpers..............77
Spain and Its Ambassador..........78
B. The France of Louis XIV...........80
The Royal Enigma.............80
A Favorable Constellation...........82
Sources of Strength.............83
C. Political Developments from 1648 ..................85
The Last Years of Mazarin..........85
Lou is XIV Takes Over............86
The Dutch War..............87
D. Germany After The Peace of Westphalia.......88
The Cost of War.............88
Society and Culture.............90
The Imperial Constitution..........92
E. German States...............93
Larger Units...............94
Leopold s Allies and Servants..........95
A Problem of Definition...........98
Part Two: Prologue to War
Chapter Four: The Disappointing Peace (1679-1681)..........103
A. Eastern Europe After Nijmegen.........103
The Plague...............103
Thököly in Love..................104
Buonvisi s Meager Progress..........105
Sobieski Looks South............106
Contents xv
B. The Conflicting Aims of Rome and Paris.......108
God Wills It!..............108
French Advantages.............110
C. International Affairs in 1680......................112
A Standoff in Hungary............112
Stalemate in Warsaw............113
The Chambers of Reunion..........115
An Unheeded Warning...........117
D. 1681 : From East to West............118
Concessions in Hungary...........118
Renewed French Aggression..........121
Sobieski Again Stymied...........123
E. 1681: Diplomatic Alignments..........125
The Incipient Coalition...........125
The English Weathercock..........129
Istanbul at the Crossroads...........131
Chapter Five: The Darkening Eastern Sky (1682-1683) . . . .133
A. 1682: A Little War .............133
Westerners and Easterners .........133
Thököly s Double-Dealing..........136
The Rebel Principality...........138
Sobieski Breaks with Paris..........140
B. Louis Plays for Time.............143
A Reprieve for Luxembourg City........143
The Waldeckian Recess...........144
Max Emmanuel and Maria Antonia........145
The Westerners Hold Firm..........146
C. Unfurling the Sultan s Horsetails.........149
The French Catalyst............149
The Caprara Mission............152
D. The Year of the Turk Begins..........154
Last Minute Parleying............154
Questions of Interpretation..........156
The Austro-Polish Alliance..........157
The Call for a Crusade...........160
France Checkmated............161
Chapter Six: The Opposing Armies..........164
A. The Imperial Military Establishment........164
Administration..............165
The Infantry..............167
The Cavalry...............169
The Artillery..............170
Support, Recruitment, Training.........174
B. Tactics and Leadership............176
A New Rôle For Foot............176
xvi Contents
Horse and Cannon on the Puszta.........177
Charles of Lorraine............179
C. The Poles................182
Command and Muster............182
The National Army............184
The Foreign Army.............185
Organization, Tactics, Finance.........186
D. The Turks................187
Typology................187
The Janissaries..............189
The Sipâhî...............191
Weaponry...............192
Behavior, Morale, Leadership.........194
T actics................196
Part Three: Vienna a Turcis Obsessa, . . . a Christianis Eliberata
Chapter Seven: The Turks Advance..........201
A. The March to Györ.............201
Mobilization...............201
From Edirne to Belgrade...........202
From Belgrade to Székesfehérvár.........205
The Decision to Attack Vienna.........206
B. The Imperials Take to the Field.........207
Preparations For War............207
A New Kind of Strategy...........209
A Clash of Viewpoints............212
Operations Commence............214
C. The Withdrawal From Hungary.........217
Retreat From the Rába...........217
The Petronell Skirmish...........219
The First Hungarian Campaign in Retrospect .... 221
The Ottoman Advance to Vienna........222
D. Antemurale Christianitatis...........224
Conditions of Life.............224
The Fortifications.............228
Supplies and Artillery............232
Other Defensive Assets............235
Starhemberg...............237
Chapter Eight: The Siege.............241
A. The Organization of Resistance.........241
Terror and Abandonment..............241
The Restoration of Order................245
Finances and Strategy................247
Fiery Preliminaries..................249
Contents xvii
B. The First Month..............254
July 14: A Decisive Day...........254
The Turkish Works............256
Austrian Countermeasures..........265
The Embattled Ravelin...........264
C. Starhemberg s Vienna.............268
Martial Law...............268
Civil Administration............269
Problems and a Myth............270
D. The Second Month of the Siege..........273
The Triumph of Savagery...........273
E. Fighting in the Countryside...........280
Ottoman Atrocities.............279
Centers of Resistance............280
Accountability and Cost...........282
Chapter Nine: Kara Mustafa s Defeat..........285
A. The Lower Austrian Campaign.........285
Actions During July............285
Plans for Aiding Vienna...........288
Movements in August............290
The Battle of the Bisamberg..........293
B. The Organization of the Relief..........295
The Government in Exile...........295
Help from the Reich Germans.........297
Poland Mobilizes.............302
Sobieski s March.............304
C. The Advance into the Wienerwald.........308
The Stetteldorf Conference..........308
The Allies Set Forth............312
The Seizure of the Crest...........316
Turkish Preparations............319
D. The Battle of the Kahlenberg..........321
A Fortuitous Beginning...........321
Phase One: The Austro-German Left.......324
Phase Two: The Polish Right.........326
Phase Three: The Decision..........330
Epilogue..................335
A. The Aftermath...............335
The Spoils of War.............335
Sobieski s Viennese Triumph..........338
The Schwechat Interview...........341
Dissolving Unity.............344
B. The Fall Campaign.............346
The Ottoman Retreat............346
xviii
Contents
The First Battle of Parkan..........348
The Second Battle of Parkan..........353
The Capture of Esztergom..........356
The Homeward March...........360
C. The Victory of the Easterners .........363
The Death of Kara Mustafa..........363
The Holy League.............365
The Truce of Regensburg...........370
D. The Siege in Historical Perspective........372
Bibliography and Footnotes..........377
Index.................437
|
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spelling | Barker, Thomas Mack 1929- Verfasser (DE-588)128471611 aut Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting Thomas M. Barker New York State Univ. of New York Press 1967 XVIII, 447 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1618-1780 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Vienna (Austria) History Siege, 1683 Österreich (DE-588)4043271-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Österreich (DE-588)4043271-3 g Geschichte 1618-1780 z DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008476104&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Barker, Thomas Mack 1929- Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting Geschichte |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4043271-3 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
title | Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting |
title_auth | Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting |
title_exact_search | Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting |
title_full | Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting Thomas M. Barker |
title_fullStr | Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting Thomas M. Barker |
title_full_unstemmed | Double eagle and crescent Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting Thomas M. Barker |
title_short | Double eagle and crescent |
title_sort | double eagle and crescent vienna s second turkish siege and its historical setting |
title_sub | Vienna's second Turkish siege and its historical setting |
topic | Geschichte |
topic_facet | Geschichte Vienna (Austria) History Siege, 1683 Österreich Aufsatzsammlung |
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