Viral infections of humans: epidemiology and control
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Plenum Medical Book Co.
1997
|
| Ausgabe: | 4. ed., completely rev. and expanded |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXXVIII, 1078 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0306448556 0306448564 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Viral infections of humans |b epidemiology and control |c ed. by Alfred S. Evans ... |
| 250 | |a 4. ed., completely rev. and expanded | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Plenum Medical Book Co. |c 1997 | |
| 300 | |a XXXVIII, 1078 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Epidemiologie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Maladies à virus - Prévention | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Maladies à virus - Épidémiologie | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Mensen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Preventie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Virusinfecties |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Virus Diseases |x epidemiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Virus Diseases |x prevention & control | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Virus diseases |x Epidemiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Virus diseases |x Prevention | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804126951813677056 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | I. CONCEPTS AND METHODS
Chapter 1 Epidemiologic Concepts and Methods
Richard A. Kaslow and Alfred S. Evans
1. Introduction 3
2. Definitions and Methods 3
3. Epidemics 6
4. Investigation of an Epidemic 7
5. The Agent 8
6. The Environment 9
7. The Host 10
8. Routes of Transmission 11
8.1. Respiratory 11
8.2. Gastrointestinal 13
8.3. Skin 13
8.4. Genital 14
8.5. Intrauterine or Transplacental 14
8.6. Urinary 14
8.7. Personal Contact 14
8.8. Water and Food 15
8.9. Arthropod Borne 15
8.10. Nosocomial Transmission 15
9. Pathogenesis 16
9.1. Respiratory 16
9.2. Gastrointestinal 17
9.3. Systemic Infections 17
9.4. The Exanthem 17
9.5. Infections of the Central Nervous System 17
9.6. Persistent Viral Infections 18
10. Incubation Period 19
11. Immune Response 20
11.1. B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity 21
11.2. Local Immunity (Mucosal Secretory IgA System) 22
11.3. Complement 22
11.4. T Lymphocytes and Cell Mediated Immunity 22
11.5. Viral Immunopathogenesis 23
12. Patterns of Host Response 24
12.1. The Biological Gradient 24
12.2. Clinical Syndromes: Frequency and Manifestations 26
i
its
13. Proof of Causation 33
14. Control and Prevention 37
14.1. Immunization 37
14.2. Chemoprophylaxis and Therapy 48
15. References 50
16. Suggested Reading 58
ter 2 Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Viral Diseases
Robert L. Atmar and Janet A. Englund
1. Introduction 59
2. Diagnosis of Viral Diseases 60
3. Interpretation of Laboratory Tests 60
4. Specimen Collection 61
4.1. Source 61
4.2. Timing of Collection 63
4.3. Transport to the Laboratory 63
4.4. Storage of Specimens 63
4.5. Clinical Data 63
5. Laboratory Methods for Viral Detection 64
5.1. Direct Visualization 64
5.2. Propagation of Viruses 66
5.3. Detection of Viral Antigens 68
5.4. Detection of Viral Nucleic Acid 71
6. Laboratory Methods for Virus Characterization 74
6.1. Physicochemical Methods 74
6.2. Immunologic Methods 74
6.3. Genomic Characterization 75
6.4. Antiviral Susceptibility 76
7. Serological Diagnosis 77
7.1. Neutralization 77
7.2. Complement Fixation 79
7.3. Hemagglutination Inhibition 79
7.4. Immunoassay Technique 80
8. Safety Considerations 81
9. Unresolved Problems 82
10. References 82
iter 3 Surveillance and Seroepidemiology
Richard A. Kaslow and Alfred S. Evans
1. Introduction 89
2. Surveillance 89
2.1. Historical Background 90
2.2. Types of Surveillance 91
2.3. Elements of Surveillance 91
2.4. Other Surveillance Methods 95
2.5. Predictive Surveillance and Mathematical Models 96
Contents XV
2.6. Evaluation of Surveillance Systems 97
2.7. Applications of Surveillance 98
2.8. Publications on Surveillance 100
3. Seroepidemiology 101
3.1. Introduction 101
3.2. Historical Background 101
3.3. Methodology 102
3.4. Advantages and Limitations 103
3.5. Uses of Serological and Molecular Techniques 104
4. References 110
5. Suggested Reading 115
II. ACUTE VIRAL INFECTIONS
Chapter 4 Adenoviruses
Hjordis M. Foy
1. Introduction 119
2. Historical Background 119
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 120
3.1. Sources of Data 120
3.2. Interpretation of Laboratory Tests 121
4. Characteristics of the Virus 122
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 123
5.1. Synopsis of Descriptive Epidemiology 123
5.2. Epidemiologic and Clinical Aspects of Specific Syndromes 123
6. Mechanisms and Route of Transmission 129
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 130
8. Patterns of Host Response 130
9. Control and Prevention 131
10. Unresolved Problems 132
11. References 132
12. Suggested Reading 138
Chapter 5 African Hemorrhagic Fevers Caused by Marburg and Ebola
Viruses
Robert E. Shope and James M. Meegan
1. Introduction 139
2. Historical Background 139
3. Methodology Used in Epidemiologic Analysis 140
3.1. Sources of Morbidity and Mortality Data 140
3.2. Laboratory Diagnosis 140
3.3. Surveys 141
3.4. Clinical Diagnosis of Acute Infection 141
4. Characteristics of Marburg and Ebola Viruses 141
4.1. Morphology and Morphogenesis 141
4.2. Physical Properties 141
4.3. Chemical Properties 141
Contents
4.4. Biological Properties 141
4.5. Serological Relationships 142
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 142
5.1. Prevalence and Incidence 142
5.2. Epidemic Behavior and Contagiousness 142
5.3. Other Epidemiologic Features 143
6. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 143
6.1. Spread of Virus 143
6.2. Reservoir 144
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 144
7.1. In Guinea Pigs and Hamsters 144
7.2. In Nonhuman Primates 144
7.3. In Man 145
8. Patterns of Host Response 145
8.1. Clinical Features 145
8.2. Diagnosis 145
9. Prevention and Control 145
9.1. General Concepts 145
9.2. Management and Disposition of Patients 146
9.3. General Strategy for Isolation and Management of Suspect
Exotic Infections 146
10. Unresolved Problems: Detection of Virus Reservoirs 146
11. References 146
12. Suggested Reading 150
Chapter 6 Arboviruses
Robert E. Shope and James M. Meegan
1. Introduction 151
2. Historical Background 151
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 156
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 156
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 156
3.3. Serological Surveys 156
3.4. Laboratory Methods 157
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 157
5. Epidemiology 158
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence 158
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 160
5.3. Geographic Distribution 160
5.4. Temporal Distribution 160
5.5. Age and Sex 160
5.6. Other Factors 161
6. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 161
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 161
8. Patterns of Host Response 162
8.1. Clinical Features 162
8.2. Diagnosis 162
Contents XVtf
9. Control and Prevention 163
10. Characteristics of Selected Arboviruses 164
10.1. Arboviruses of Importance in the United States 164
10.2. Other Arboviruses in the United States that Affect Humans 169
10.3. Arboviruses outside the United States that Affect Humans 170
11. Unresolved Problems 175
11.1. The Viruses 175
11.2. The Vectors 175
11.3. The Vertebrate Hosts 176
11.4. Transmission Cycles Involving Virus, Vector, and
Vertebrate , 176
11.5. Disease in the Vertebrate Host 176
11.6. Control 176
12. References 177
13. Suggested Reading 183
Chapter 7 Arenaviruses
Peter B. Jahrling
1. Introduction 185
2. Historical Background 185
3. Methodology 186
3.1. Mortality 186
3.2. Morbidity 186
3.3. Serological Surveys 186
3.4. Laboratory Diagnosis 186
4. The Viruses 187
4.1. Biochemical and Physical Properties 187
4.2. Morphology and Morphogenesis 187
4.3. Antigenic Properties 188
4.4. Biological Properties 188
5. Pathogenesis and Immunity 190
6. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis 191
6.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 191
6.2. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 192
6.3. Patterns of Host Response 193
6.4. Treatment and Prevention 194
7. Argentinian Hemorrhagic Fever 194
7.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 194
7.2. Mechanism and Route of Tranmission 194
7.3. Patterns of Host Response 195
7.4. Treatment, Control, and Prevention 196
8. Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever 197
8.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 197
8.2. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 197
8.3. Patterns of Host Response 197
8.4. Treatment, Prevention, and Control 198
9. Venezuelan Hemorrhagic Fever 198
9.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 198
Contents
9.2. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 199
9.3. Patterns of Host Response 199
9.4. Treatment, Prevention, and Control 199
10. Lassa Fever 199
10.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 200
10.2. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 200
10.3. Patterns of Host Response 201
10.4. Treatment and Disposition of Patients 202
10.5. Prevention and Control 202
11. Unresolved Questions 202
11.1. Vaccines 202
11.2. Pathogenesis and Immunopathology 203
11.3. Geographic Distribution 204
12. References 204
13. Suggested Reading 209
Chapter 8 Coronaviruses
Arnold S. Monto
1. Introduction 211
2. Historical Background 211
3. Methodology 212
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 212
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 212
3.3. Serological Surveys 213
3.4. Laboratory Methods 213
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 214
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 216
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence 216
5.2. Geographic Distribution 219
5.3. Temporal Distribution 219
5.4. Age 220
5.5. Other Factors 220
6. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 221
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 221
8. Patterns of Host Response 222
9. Control and Prevention 223
10. Unresolved Problems 223
11. References 223
12. Suggested Reading 226
Chapter 9 Cytomegalovirus
Anne A. Gershon, Eli Gold, and George A. Nankervis
1. Introduction 229
2. Historical Background 229
3. Methodology 230
3.1. Mortality 230
i
I
Contents xix
3.2. Morbidity 230
3.3. Serological Surveys 230
3.4. Laboratory Diagnosis 230
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 231
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 232
5.1. Prevalence and Incidence 232
5.2. Geographic Distribution 235
5.3. Age and Sex 235
5.4. Temporal Distribution 235
5.5. Occupation 235
5.6. Race and Socioeconomic Setting 236
6. Mechanism of Transmission 236
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 237
7.1. Pathogenesis 237
7.2. Immunity 238
8. Patterns of Host Response 239
8.1. Neonatal Infections 239
8.2. Infection of Children and Adults 240
9. Treatment and Prevention 243
9.1. Treatment 243
9.2. Control and Prevention 243
10. Unresolved Problems 244
11. References 245
12. Suggested Reading 251
Chapter 10 Epstein Barr Virus
James C. Niederman and Alfred S. Evans
1. Introduction 253
2. Historical Background 253
3. Methodology 254
3.1. Mortality 254
3.2. Morbidity 254
3.3. Serological Surveys 255
3.4. Laboratory Methods 255
4. Biological Characteristics of the Agent 257
4.1. The Virus 257
4.2. Proof of Causation of Infectious Mononucleosis 258
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 259
5.1. Prevalence and Incidence 259
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 261
5.3. Geographic Distribution 262
5.4. Temporal Distribution 263
5.5. Age 263
5.6. Sex 264
5.7. Race 264
5.8. Occupation 264
5.9. Occurrence in Different Settings 264
5.10. Socioeconomic Factors 265
Contents
5.11. Other Factors 265
6. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 265
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 266
8. Patterns of Host Response 269
8.1. Clinical Features 269
8.2. Acute Infection 269
8.3. Chronic Mononucleosis Syndrome 270
9. Diagnosis 271
10. Control and Prevention 273
11. Unresolved Problems 274
12. References 274
13. Suggested Reading 283
Chapter 11 Viral Gastroenteritis
Albert Z. Kapikian
1. Introduction 285
2. Historical Background 286
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 287
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 287
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 288
3.3. Serological Surveys for Rotaviruses and Norwalk Group of
Viruses 288
3.4. Laboratory Methods 288
4. Biological Characteristics 293
4.1. Norwalk Group of Viruses 293
4.2. Rotaviruses 295
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 300
5.1. Norwalk Group of Viruses 300
5.2. Rotaviruses 304
6. Mechanisms and Route of Transmission 311
6.1. Norwalk Group of Viruses 311
6.2. Rotaviruses 311
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 312
7.1. Norwalk Group of Viruses 312
7.2. Rotaviruses 313
8. Patterns of Host Response 315
8.1. Norwalk Group of Viruses 315
8.2. Rotaviruses 316
9. Control and Prevention 319
9.1. Norwalk Group of Viruses 319
9.2. Rotaviruses 319
10. Unresolved Problems and Other Agents or Putative Agents of
Viral Gastroenteritis 321
10.1. Norwalk Group and Other Enteric Viruses 321
10.2. Rotaviruses 323
11. Summary 324
12. References 324
j
Contents JH
Chapter 12 Hantaviruses
James W. LeDuc
1. Introduction 345
2. History 345
3. Methodology 345
3.1. Mortality 345
3.2. Morbidity 346
3.3. Serological Surveys 346
3.4. Laboratory Methods 347
4. The Viruses 347
4.1. Biochemical and Physical Properties 347
4.2. Morphology and Morphogenesis 348
4.3. Antigenic and Genetic Properties 348
4.4. Biological Properties 349
5. Pathogenesis and Immunity 350
6. Hantaan Virus and Severe Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal
Syndrome 351
6.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 351
6.2. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 351
6.3. Patterns of Host Response 352
6.4. Treatment and Prevention 353
7. Puumala Virus and Nephropathia Epidemica 354
7.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 354
7.2. Patterns of Host Response 354
8. Seoul Virus and Urban Rat Borne HFRS 355
8.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 355
8.2. Patterns of Host Response 355
9. Sin Nombre (Four Corners or Muerto Canyon) Virus and
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome 356
9.1. Descriptive Epidemiology 356
9.2. Patterns of Host Response 356
10. Other Hantaviruses 356
10.1. Dobrava/Belgrade Virus 356
10.2. Thailand Virus 357
10.3. Prospect Hill Virus 357
10.4. Thottapalayam Virus 357
11. Unresolved Questions 357
11.1. Hantavirus Immunotypes 357
11.2. Pathogenesis of Infections in Man 357
11.3. Diagnostic Tests 357
11.4. Vaccines 357
12. References 358
13. Suggested Reading 362
Chapter 13 Viral Hepatitis
Harold S. Margolis, Miriam J. Alter, and Stephen C. Hadler
1. Introduction 363
Contents
2. Hepatitis A 365
2.1. Historical Background 365
2.2. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 365
2.3. Biological Characteristics of the Organism 367
2.4. Descriptive Epidemiology 367
2.5. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 371
2.6. Pathogenesis and Immunity 372
2.7. Patterns of Host Response 372
2.8. Control and Prevention 373
2.9. Unresolved Problems 374
3. Hepatitis B 375
3.1. Historical Background 375
3.2. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 375
3.3. Biological Characteristics of the Organism 378
3.4. Descriptive Epidemiology 378
3.5. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 381
3.6. Pathogenesis and Immunity 382
3.7. Patterns of Host Response 383
3.8. Control and Prevention 384
3.9. Unresolved Problems 386
4. Hepatitis C 387
4.1. Historical Background 387
4.2. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 387
4.3. Biological Characteristics 388
4.4. Descriptive Epidemiology 388
4.5. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 390
4.6. Pathogenesis and Immunity 391
4.7. Patterns of Host Response 392
4.8. Control and Prevention 392
4.9. Unanswered Questions 393
5. Delta Hepatitis 394
5.1. Historical Background 394
5.2. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 394
5.3. Biological Characteristics 395
5.4. Descriptive Epidemiology 395
5.5. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 398
5.6. Pathogenesis and Immunity 398
5.7. Patterns of Host Response 399
5.8. Control and Prevention 400
5.9. Unresolved Problems 400
6. Hepatitis E 400
6.1. Historical Background 400
6.2. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 401
6.3. Biological Characteristics of the Organism 401
6.4. Descriptive Epidemiology 402
6.5. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 404
6.6. Pathogenesis and Immunity 404
6.7. Patterns of Host Response 405
6.8. Control and Prevention 405
6.9. Unresolved Problems 406
7. References 406
I
Contents XX
Chapter 14 Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2
Lawrence R. Stanberry, Daniel M. Jorgensen,
and Andrl J. Nahmias
1. Introduction and Social Significance 419
2. Evolutionary and Historical Background 420
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 421
3.1. Mortality 421
3.2. Morbidity 421
3.3. Serological Surveys 422
3.4. Laboratory Diagnosis 422
4. Biological Characteristics of HSV 1 and HSV 2 424
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 425
5.1. General Epidemiology 425
5.2. Epidemiologic Aspects of Specific Clinical Entities 432
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 436
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 437
8. Patterns of Host Response 441
8.1. Mouth and Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Tracts 442
8.2. Lips 442
8.3. Eyes 442
8.4. Skin 442
8.5. Urogenital Tract 443
8.6. Nervous System 443
8.7. Fetus and Newborn 443
8.8. Cervical Neoplasia 443
9. Control and Prevention 444
9.1. Prevention of the Initial Infection 444
9.2. Reducing the Transmissibility of Persons Infected
with HSV 445
10. Unresolved Problems 445
10.1. Reporting 445
10.2. Virological Aspects 445
10.3. Host Factors 446
10.4. Control and Prevention 446
10.5. Relation to Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency
Virus 446
11. References 446
Chapter 15 Human Herpesvirus 6 and Human Herpesvirus 7
Paul H. Levine
1. Introduction 455
2. Historical Background 455
3. Methodology 455
3.1. Mortality 455
3.2. Morbidity 456
3.3. Surveys 456
3.4. Laboratory Diagnosis 456
Contents
4. Biological Characteristics Affecting the Epidemiologic Pattern ... 456
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 457
5.1. Prevalence and Incidence 457
5.2. Epidemic Behavior and Contagiousness 457
5.3. Geographic Distribution 458
6. Mechanism and Routes of Transmission 458
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 458
8. Patterns of Host Response 458
8.1. Clinical Features 459
8.2. Diagnosis 464
9. Prevention and Control of HHV 6 and HHV 7 464
10. Unresolved Problems 464
10.1. Viral Strain Differences 464
10.2. Laboratory Assay Differences 465
11. References 465
12. Suggested Reading 471
Chapter 16 Influenza Viruses
W. Paul Glezen and Robert B. Couch
1. Introduction 473
2. History 474
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 474
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 474
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 476
3.3. Serological Surveys 476
3.4. Laboratory Methods 477
4. Biological Characteristics of Influenza 477
4.1. General Properties 477
4.2. Antigenic Variation and Genetics of Influenza Viruses 478
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 479
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence Data 479
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 484
5.3. Geographic Distribution 486
5.4. Temporal Distribution 486
5.5. Serological Surveys 486
5.6. Age 487
5.7. Race, Sex, and Occupation 488
5.8. Nosocomial Infections 488
5.9. Socioeconomic Status 488
6. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 488
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 489
7.1. Pathogenesis 489
7.2. Immunity 490
8. Patterns of Host Response 491
8.1. Clinical Features 491
8.2. Diagnosis 492
9. Control 492
10. Unresolved Problems 495
11. References 496
12. Suggested Reading 505
Contents XX
Chapter 17 Measles
Francis L. Black
1. Introduction 507
2. Historical Background 507
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 508
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 508
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 508
3.3. Serological Surveys 508
3.4. Other Laboratory Methods 510
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 510
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 511
5.1. Incidence 511
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 512
5.3. Geographic Distribution 513
5.4. Temporal Distribution 514
5.5. Age 514
5.6. Sex 516
5.7. Race 516
5.8. Occupation 516
5.9. Social Setting 516
5.10. Socioeconomic Status 516
5.11. Nutrition 517
6. Transmission 517
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 518
8. Patterns of Host Response 519
8.1. Clinical and Epidemiologic Features of Unusual Forms ... 519
8.2. Diagnosis 520
9. Control and Prevention 521
9.1. Quarantine 521
9.2. Vaccines 521
10. Unresolved Problems 523
10.1. Development of a Better Vaccine 523
10.2. Persistent Measles Genomes in Chronic Disease 523
11. References 524
12. Suggested Reading 529
Chapter 18 Mumps
Sandra J. Holmes
1. Introduction 531
2. Historical Background 531
3. The Agent 532
4. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 532
4.1. Sources of Data 532
4.2. Serological Surveys 532
4.3. Laboratory Methods 532
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 533
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence 533
5.2. Survey Data 534
Contents
5.3. Epidemic Behavior and Contagiousness 535
5.4. Geographic Distribution 535
5.5. Temporal Distribution 535
5.6. Age Distribution 536
5.7. Gender Distribution 536
5.8. Race and Occupation 536
5.9. Occurrence in Different Settings 536
5.10. Other Factors 537
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 537
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 537
8. Patterns of Host Response 538
8.1. Common Clinical Features 538
8.2. Involvement of the Central Nervous System 539
8.3. Involvement of the Heart 540
8.4. Orchitis and Sterility 540
8.5. Mumps and Diabetes 540
8.6. Other Complications 540
9. Control and Prevention 541
10. Unresolved Problems 543
11. References 543
12. Suggested Reading 550
Chapter 19 Parainfluenza Viruses
W. Paul GIezen and Floyd W. Denny
1. Introduction 551
2. Historical Background 551
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 551
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 551
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 551
3.3. Serological Surveys 552
3.4. Laboratory Methods 552
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 553
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 553
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence Data 553
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 555
5.3. Geographic Distribution 556
5.4. Temporal Distribution 556
5.5. Age Distribution 557
5.6. Sex 557
5.7. Race and Occupation 557
5.8. Occurrence in Special Epidemiologic Settings 558
5.9. Socioeconomic Status 558
6. Mechanisms and Route of Transmission 558
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 558
7.1. Pathogenesis 558
7.2. Immunity 559
Contents XX
8. Patterns of Host Response 559
8.1. Clinical Manifestations 559
8.2. Diagnosis 560
9. Control and Prevention Based on Epidemiologic Data 561
10. Unresolved Problems 562
11. References 562
12. Suggested Reading 567
Chapter 20 Parvovirus B19 Infection
Kevin E. Brown and Neal S. Young
1. Introduction 569
2. Historical Background 569
2.1. The Virus 569
2.2. Transient Aplastic Crisis 569
2.3. Erythema Infectiosum 570
3. Methodology 570
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 570
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 570
3.3. Serological Surveys 570
3.4. Laboratory Methods 570
4. Biological Characteristics of the Agent 571
4.1. Physical Properties 571
4.2. Morphology 571
4.3. B19 Strain Variation 571
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 571
5.1. Prevalence and Incidence 571
5.2. Epidemic Behavior and Contagiousness 572
6. Mechanism and Routes of Transmission 572
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 572
7.1. Pathogenesis 572
7.2. Immune Response to B19 Infection 573
8. Patterns of Host Response 574
8.1. Asymptomatic Infection 574
8.2. Erythema Infectiosum 574
8.3. Polyarthropathy Syndrome 575
8.4. Aplastic Crisis 575
8.5. Infection during Pregnancy 575
8.6. Congenital Infection 576
8.7. Chronic Bone Marrow Failure 576
8.8. Vasculitis 576
8.9. Diagnosis of B19 Infections 576
9. Control and Prevention 577
10. Unresolved Problems 577
10.1. Full Spectrum of Disease 577
10.2. B19 Vaccine Policy 578
11. References 578
12. Suggested Reading 582
Contents
Chapter 21 Poliovirus and Other Enteroviruses
Joseph L. Melnick
1. Introduction 583
2. Historical Background 584
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 585
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 585
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 585
3.3. Serological and Clinical Surveys 586
3.4. Virus Isolation from Surface Waters as an Indicator of
Community Infections 587
3.5. Laboratory Methods 588
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 593
4.1. General Properties 593
4.2. Reactions to Chemical and Physical Agents 594
4.3. Antigenic Characteristics 594
4.4. Host Range in Vivo and in Vitro 595
4.5. Replication of Enteroviruses 597
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 597
5.1. Key Features of Epidemiology of Enteroviruses 597
5.2. General Epidemiology of Enteroviruses 598
5.3. Epidemiologic Patterns of Poliomyelitis 611
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 616
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 618
7.1. Pathogenesis 618
7.2. Immunity 620
8. Patterns of Host Response and Diagnosis 621
8.1. Clinical Syndromes 621
8.2. Diagnosis 631
9. Control and Prevention of Poliomyelitis 631
9.1. Killed Polio Vaccine 634
9.2. Live Attenuated Polio Vaccine 638
9.3. Conclusions on Polio Vaccines and Their Future Use 644
9.4. Social Aspects of Polio Vaccine Administration 646
9.5. Nonspecific Control Measures for Poliomyelitis 647
10. Control of Other Enterovirus Infections 647
11. Unresolved Problems 648
12. References 649
13. Suggested Reading 663
Chapter 22 Rabies
Charles E. Rupprecht and Cathleen A. Hanlon
1. Introduction 665
2. Historical Background 665
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 667
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 667
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 669
Contents XXI
3.3. Serological Surveys 669
3.4. Laboratory Methods 671
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 672
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 673
5.1. Incidence 674
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 675
5.3. Geographic Distribution 675
5.4. Temporal Distribution 676
5.5. Age, Sex, Race, Occupation: Socioeconomic, Nutritional,
and Genetic Factors 676
6. Mechanisms and Route of Transmission 676
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 677
8. Patterns of Host Response 678
8.1. Clinical Features 678
8.2. Diagnosis 679
9. Control and Prevention 679
9.1. Epidemiologic Methods 679
9.2. Immunization Concepts and Practice 681
10. Unresolved Problems 682
10.1. Rabies Control in the Stray Dog: Oral Vaccination as a
Solution? 682
10.2. Alternatives to Current Biologicals for Disease Prevention 683
10.3. Treatment of Clinical Human Rabies 684
10.4. Animal Translocation and Disease Introduction 684
10.5. Reservoir Population Management: Immunocontraception
of Free Ranging Carnivores? 684
11. References 685
Chapter 23 Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Kenneth Mclntosh
1. Introduction and Historical Background 691
2. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 692
2.1. Sources of Mortality Data 692
2.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 692
2.3. Serological Surveys 692
2.4. Laboratory Methods 693
3. Biological Characteristics of the Viruses that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 693
4. Descriptive Epidemiology 693
4.1. Incidence and Prevalence Data 693
4.2. Epidemic Behavior 696
4.3. Geographic Distribution 696
4.4. Temporal Distribution 697
4.5. Age 697
4.6. Sex 697
4.7. Race 697
Contents
4.8. Occupation 698
4.9. Occurrence in Different Settings 698
4.10. Socioeconomic Status 698
4.11. Other Factors 698
5. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 698
6. Pathogenesis and Immunity 699
7. Patterns of Host Response 701
7.1. Symptoms 701
7.2. Diagnosis 702
8. Control and Prevention 703
8.1. Treatment 703
8.2. Immunoprophylaxis 703
9. Unresolved Problems 704
10. References 705
Chapter 24 Retroviruses—Human Immunodeficiency Virus
William A. Blattner, Thomas R. O Brien, and Nancy E. Mueller
1. Introduction 713
2. Historical Background 713
3. Methods of Epidemiologic Analysis 715
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 715
3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 716
3.3. Serological Surveys 718
3.4. Laboratory Diagnosis 718
4. Biological Characteristics of HIV 721
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 723
5.1. Descriptive Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS 724
5.2. Descriptive Epidemiology of HIV 2 745
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 747
6.1. Sexual Transmission of HIV 1 747
6.2. Heterosexual Transmission of HTV 2 750
6.3. Transmission via Parenteral Routes 750
6.4. Mother to Child Transmission 752
6.5. Other Modes of Transmission 754
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 754
7.1. HIV 1 754
7.2. HIV 2 757
8. Patterns of Host Response 758
8.1. HIV 1 758
8.2. HIV 2 760
9. Control and Prevention 760
9.1. Public Health Approaches 761
9.2. Vaccines 763
9.3. Therapy 764
9.4. HIV 2 765
10. Unresolved Problems 765
11. References 766
12. Suggested Reading 783
Contents XXJ
Chapter 25 Retroviruses—Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus
Nancy E. MueUer and William A. Blattner
1. Introduction 785
2. Historical Background 785
3. Methods for Epidemiologic Analysis 786
3.1. Sources of Morbidity Data 786
3.2. Surveys 786
3.3. Laboratory Diagnosis 786
4. Biological Characteristics 788
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 789
5.1. Epidemiology of HTLV I Infection 789
5.2. Epidemiology of HTLV II Infection 793
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 794
6.1. HTLV I 794
6.2. HTLV II 796
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity of HTLV I 797
8. Patterns of Host Response 799
8.1. HTLV I 799
8.2. HTLV II 801
9. Control and Prevention 802
9.1. HTLV I 802
9.2. HTLV II 802
10. Unresolved Problems 802
10.1. HTLV I 802
10.2. HTLV II 802
11. References 803
12. Suggested Reading 813
Chapter 26 Rhinoviruses
Jack M. Gwaltney, Jr.
1. Introduction 815
2. Historical Background 815
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 816
3.1. Surveillance and Sampling 816
3.2. Methods of Virus Isolation, Propagation, and Identification 816
3.3. Methods Used for Serological Surveys and Antibody
Measurements 817
4. Characteristics of the Virus that Affect the Epidemiologic Pattern 817
4.1. Physical and Biochemical Characteristics 817
4.2. Biological Characteristics 818
4.3. Antigenic Characteristics 818
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 819
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence of Infection 819
5.2. Occurrence in Different Settings 823
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 824
7. Pathogenesis 826
8. Immunity 827
XXXil Contents
9. Patterns of Host Response 829
9.1. Clinical Features 829
9.2. Apparent Inapparent Infection Ratios 830
10. Control and Prevention 830
11. Unresolved Problems 831
12. References 831
13. Suggested Reading 837
Chapter 27 Rubella
Sandra J. Holmes and Walter A. Orenstein
1. Introduction 839
2. Historical Background 839
3. Methodology 840
3.1. Mortality Data 840
3.2. Morbidity Data 840
3.3. Serological Surveys 840
3.4. Laboratory Methods 840
4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 841
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 842
5.1. Incidence and Prevalence 842
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 843
5.3. Geographic Distribution 844
5.4. Temporal Distribution 844
5.5. Age and Sex 844
5.6. Other Factors 845
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 845
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 845
8. Patterns of Host Response 846
8.1. Clinical Manifestations 846
8.2. Serological Responses 847
9. Control 847
9.1. Vaccine Development 847
9.2. Responses to Rubella Vaccines 848
9.3. Rubella Vaccination Strategies: Their Impact on Rubella and
Congenital Rubella 849
9.4. Vaccination during Pregnancy 850
9.5. Persistence of Vaccine Induced Immunity 851
9.6. Reinfection 851
10. Unresolved Problems and Current Approaches 852
11. References 853
12. Suggested Reading 860
Chapter 28 Smallpox: The End of the Story?
Abram S. Benenson
1. Introduction 861
1.1. Smallpox 861
Contents XXX
1.2. Late Breaker—January 1995 862
1.3. Late Breaker—January 1996 863
1.4. Final Sentence—May 1996 863
2. Other Poxvirus Infections 863
2.1. Vaccinia 863
: 2.2. Monkeypox 863
; 3. References 863
Chapter 29 Varicella Herpes Zoster Virus
Thomas H. Weller
1. Introduction 865
1.1. Definition 865
1.2. Social Significance 865
2. Historical Background 866
2.1. Clinical Recognition 866
2.2. Association of Varicella with Herpes Zoster 866
i 2.3. Isolation and Propagation of the Etiologic Agent of
i Varicella Zoster 866
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 866
j 3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 866
J 3.2. Sources of Morbidity Data 867
i 3.3. Serological Surveys 867
I 3.4. Laboratory Methods 868
i 4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 869
4.1. Latency in the Human Host: Primary Infection, Latency,
and Reactivation 869
4.2. Failure of Varicella Zoster Virus to Persist in Scabs or
Fomites: Limited Period of Communicability 870
5 5. Descriptive Epidemiology 870
I 5.1. Incidence and Prevalence Data 870
I 5.2. Epidemic Behavior 872
I 5.3. Geographic Distribution 872
5.4. Temporal Distribution 873
5.5. Age 874
5.6. Sex 876
5.7. Race 876
5.8. Occupation 876
5.9. Occurrence of Varicella in Different Settings 876
5.10. Socioeconomic Status 877
5.11. Other Factors 877
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 878
6.1. Varicella 878
6.2. Herpes Zoster 879
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 880
7.1. Varicella 880
7.2. Herpes Zoster 880
i 8. Patterns of Host Response 882
LXXiv Contents
8.1. Clinical Patterns 882
8.2. Diagnosis 883
9. Control and Prevention 883
9.1. General Concepts 883
9.2. Interruption of Transmission 883
9.3. Modification or Prevention of Varicella 884
10. Unresolved Problems 885
10.1. Prevention and Treatment 885
10.2. Pathogenesis 885
10.3. Epidemiologic Unknowns 885
11. References 886
12. Suggested Reading 892
III. VIRAL INFECTIONS AND MALIGNANT DISEASES
Chapter 30 Epstein Barr Virus and Malignant Lymphomas
Alfred S. Evans and Nancy E. Mueller
1. Introduction 895
2. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 895
2.1. Structure of the Virus 895
2.2. Cell Virus Relationship 896
2.3. Epstein Barr Virus Determined Antigens 896
2.4. Latency and Cellular Transformation by EBV 896
3. Burkitt s Lymphoma 898
3.1. Introduction 898
3.2. Historical Background 898
3.3. Methodology 899
3.4. Relationship of Epstein Barr Virus to Burkitt s Lymphoma 900
3.5. Descriptive Epidemiology 904
3.6. Mechanism and Route of Transmission 907
3.7. Pathogenesis 907
3.8. Patterns of Host Response 910
3.9. Control and Prevention 911
4. Hodgkin s Disease 913
4.1. Introduction 913
4.2. Historical Background 914
4.3. Methodology 914
4.4. Relation of EBV to Hodgkin s Disease 915
4.5. Descriptive Epidemiology 920
4.6. Mechanism of Transmission 920
4.7. Pathogenesis and Patterns of Host Response 921
4.8. Control and Prevention 921
5. Lymphoma in Immunodeficiency 921
5.1. X Linked Lymphoproliferative Disease 922
5.2. Organ Transplant Recipients 922
5.3. AIDS 922
6. Unresolved Problems 923
7. References 923
Contents XXX
: Chapter 31 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
G. de The
1. Introduction 935
2. Historical Background 935
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic and Virological Studies 936
3.1. Sources of Mortality Data 936
3.2. Sources of Morbidity (Incidence) Data 936
3.3. Sources of Relative Frequency Data 936
3.4. Serological Surveys 936
3.5. Sociological Surveys 938
3.6. Laboratory Diagnosis 939
4. Biological Characteristics of Epstein Barr Virus in Its
Relationship with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 942
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 945
5.1. Incidence, Frequency, and Geographic Distribution 945
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 947
5.3. Sex and Age 948
5.4. Occupation 948
5.5. Change of Risk on Migration 948
5.6. Environmental Factors 949
5.7. Genetic Factors 951
5.8. Epidemiologic Behavior of Epstein Barr Virus 952
6. Mechanism of Transmission 953
7. Pathogenesis 954
8. Patterns of Host Response 954
8.1. Clinical Course of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 954
8.2. Clinical Types of Disease 955
9. Control and Prevention 955
10. Unresolved Problems and Challenges for the Future 956
10.1. Role of Epstein Barr Virus in the Management and
Control of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 956
10.2. Chemical and Environmental Factors in the Causation of
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 958
10.3. Conclusion 959
11. References 959
12. Suggested Reading 967
Chapter 32 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Caused by Hepatitis B Virus
Joseph L. Melnick
1. Introduction 969
2. Historical Background 970
3. Methodology 970
3.1. Mortality and Morbidity Data 970
3.2. Serological Surveys 970
3.3. Laboratory Methods 970
4. Biological Characteristics of the Agent 970
4.1. Molecular Biology of HBV in HCC 970
I
CXXvi Contents
4.2. Animal Models of HBV Infection and HCC 971
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 973
5.1. Prevalence, Incidence, and Geographic Distribution 973
5.2. Age and Sex 975
5.3. Race 976
5.4. Socioeconomic Factors 976
5.5. Other Factors 976
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 976
7. Pathogenesis and Pathology 976
8. Patterns of Host Response 977
9. Control and Immunization 977
10. Unresolved Problems 978
11. References 978
12. Suggested Reading 981
Chapter 33 Human Papillomaviruses
Mark H. Schiffman and Robert D. Burk
1. Introduction 983
2. Historical Background 984
2.1. Early Research on Animal Papillomaviruses 984
2.2. Early Clinical Studies of Human Papillomaviruses 984
2.3. Early Cytopathology Studies of Human Papillomaviruses .. 985
2.4. Molecular Biological Advances Linking Human
Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Carcinoma 985
2.5. Earliest Epidemiologic Studies Using Human
Papillomavirus DNA Testing Methods 986
3. Methodology Involved in Epidemiologic Analysis 986
3.1. Human Papillomavirus DNA Detection 986
3.2. Cytopathologic Diagnosis of Human Papillomavirus
Infections 989
3.3. Clinical Diagnosis of Human Papillomavirus Infections ... 989
3.4. Serological Assays 990
4. Biological Characteristics of the Viruses that Affect the
Epidemiologic Pattern 990
5. Descriptive Epidemiology 993
5.1. Prevalence and Incidence Data 993
5.2. Epidemic Behavior 996
5.3. Geographic Distribution 997
5.4. Temporal Distribution 997
5.5. Age 998
5.6. Sex 999
5.7. Race and Ethnicity 999
5.8. Occupation 999
5.9. Socioeconomic Status 999
5.10. Other Factors Influencing the Prevalence of Genital Human
Papillomavirus Infections 1000
6. Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 1000
6.1. Evidence for Sexual Transmission of Genital Types of
Human Papillomavirus 1000
Contents XXX
6.2. Nonsexual Transmission of Genital Types of Human
Papillomavirus 1001
6.3. Transmission of Nongenital Cutaneous Types of Human
Papillomavirus 1001
7. Pathogenesis and Immunity 1001
7.1. Pathogenesis 1001
7.2. Immunity 1005
8. Patterns of Host Response 1007
8.1. Warts 1007
8.2. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1007
8.3. Invasive Cervical Carcinoma 1010
8.4. Other Carcinomas Associated with Human Papillomavirus
Infections 1011
9. Control and Prevention 1012
9.1. Primary Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infections ... 1012
9.2. Treatment of Human Papillomavirus Infections 1012
9.3. Use of Human Papillomavirus DNA Testing in Cervical
Cancer Screening 1012
10. Unresolved Problems 1013
11. References 1014
12. Suggested Reading 1023
IV. VIRAL INFECTIONS AND CHRONIC DISEASES
Chapter 34 Chronic Neurological Diseases Caused by Slow Infections
David M. Asher and Clarence J. Gibbs, Jr.
1. Introduction 1027
2. Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis 1027
2.1. Introduction 1027
2.2. Historical Background 1027
2.3. Methodology 1027
2.4. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 1027
2.5. Descriptive Epidemiology 1028
2.6. Clinical Illness, Pathogenesis, Histopathologic
Manifestations, and Immunity 1029
2.7. Laboratory and Differential Diagnosis 1030
2.8. Prevention, Treatment, and Control 1031
2.9. Unresolved Problems 1032
3. Progressive Rubella Panencephalitis 1032
3.1. Introduction 1032
3.2. Historical Background 1032
3.3. Methodology, Characteristics of the Virus, and Descriptive
Epidemiology 1032
3.4. Clinical Illness 1032
3.5. Control and Prevention 1033
3.6. Unresolved Problems 1033
4. Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy 1033
4.1. Introduction and Historical Background 1033
4.2. Methodology 1033
riii Contents j
4.3. Biological Characteristics of the Virus 1033 j
4.4. Descriptive Epidemiology 1033 j
4.5. Clinical Illness, Diagnosis, Pathology, Pathogenesis, and
Immunity 1034
4.6. Unresolved Problems 1034 j
5. Other Chronic Conventional Viral Infections of the Nervous
System 1035
5.1. Chronic Tick Borne Encephalitis 1035 j
5.2. Rasmussen s Encephalitis 1035 I
5.3. Other Conventional Viruses 1035
6. Slow Infections with Unconventional Agents: The Subacute
Spongiform Encephalopathies 1035
6.1. Introduction 1035
6.2. Historical Background 1036
6.3. Methodology 1036
6.4. Descriptive Epidemiology (Including Iatrogenic and Other
Mechanisms of Transmission) 1037
6.5. Properties of the Transmissible Agents 1038
6.6. Pathogenesis 1040
6.7. Clinical Features and Diagnosis 1041
6.8. Pathology 1041
6.9. Familial Spongiform Encephalopathies (Including the GSS
Syndrome and Considering the Fatal Familial Insomnia
Syndrome) 1042
6.10. Prevention 1043
6.11. Unresolved Problems 1043
7. Concluding Comment 1044
8. References 1044
Index 1053
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| id | DE-604.BV012325955 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:25:37Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0306448556 0306448564 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008357242 |
| oclc_num | 36884847 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-Er8 DE-578 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-Er8 DE-578 |
| physical | XXXVIII, 1078 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1997 |
| publishDateSearch | 1997 |
| publishDateSort | 1997 |
| publisher | Plenum Medical Book Co. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control ed. by Alfred S. Evans ... 4. ed., completely rev. and expanded New York [u.a.] Plenum Medical Book Co. 1997 XXXVIII, 1078 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Epidemiologie gtt Maladies à virus - Prévention Maladies à virus - Épidémiologie Mensen gtt Preventie gtt Virusinfecties gtt Virus Diseases epidemiology Virus Diseases prevention & control Virus diseases Epidemiology Virus diseases Prevention Virusinfektion (DE-588)4188401-2 gnd rswk-swf Viruskrankheit (DE-588)4063605-7 gnd rswk-swf Epidemiologie (DE-588)4015016-1 gnd rswk-swf Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 gnd rswk-swf Viruskrankheit (DE-588)4063605-7 s Epidemiologie (DE-588)4015016-1 s DE-604 Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 s Virusinfektion (DE-588)4188401-2 s 1\p DE-604 Evans, Alfred S. 1917-1996 Sonstige (DE-588)172065690 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008357242&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control Epidemiologie gtt Maladies à virus - Prévention Maladies à virus - Épidémiologie Mensen gtt Preventie gtt Virusinfecties gtt Virus Diseases epidemiology Virus Diseases prevention & control Virus diseases Epidemiology Virus diseases Prevention Virusinfektion (DE-588)4188401-2 gnd Viruskrankheit (DE-588)4063605-7 gnd Epidemiologie (DE-588)4015016-1 gnd Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4188401-2 (DE-588)4063605-7 (DE-588)4015016-1 (DE-588)4112701-8 |
| title | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control |
| title_auth | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control |
| title_exact_search | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control |
| title_full | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control ed. by Alfred S. Evans ... |
| title_fullStr | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control ed. by Alfred S. Evans ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Viral infections of humans epidemiology and control ed. by Alfred S. Evans ... |
| title_short | Viral infections of humans |
| title_sort | viral infections of humans epidemiology and control |
| title_sub | epidemiology and control |
| topic | Epidemiologie gtt Maladies à virus - Prévention Maladies à virus - Épidémiologie Mensen gtt Preventie gtt Virusinfecties gtt Virus Diseases epidemiology Virus Diseases prevention & control Virus diseases Epidemiology Virus diseases Prevention Virusinfektion (DE-588)4188401-2 gnd Viruskrankheit (DE-588)4063605-7 gnd Epidemiologie (DE-588)4015016-1 gnd Bekämpfung (DE-588)4112701-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Epidemiologie Maladies à virus - Prévention Maladies à virus - Épidémiologie Mensen Preventie Virusinfecties Virus Diseases epidemiology Virus Diseases prevention & control Virus diseases Epidemiology Virus diseases Prevention Virusinfektion Viruskrankheit Bekämpfung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008357242&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT evansalfreds viralinfectionsofhumansepidemiologyandcontrol |