Terms in context:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Benjamins
1998
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Studies in corpus linguistics
1 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Zugl.: Dublin, Univ., Diss. |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 242 S. |
| ISBN: | 902722269X |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Semantics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Terms and phrases |x Data processing | |
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Terms in Context
JENNIFER PEARSON
JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY
AMSTERDAM / PHILADELPHIA
Contents
Acknowledgements viii
0 Introduction 1
0 1 Background 1
0 2 Target audience 2
0 3 General outline 3
0 4 Chapter contents 3
1 Identifying differences between words and terms 7
1 1 Introduction 7
1 2 Emergence of terminology as a discipline 9
1 3 What is terminology? 10
1 4 General theory of terminology 10
1 3 The'traditional'definition of term 12
151 Summary of traditional view of term 15
1 6 Pragmatic definitions of term 17
161 Shortcomings of the pragmatic approach 19
162 Summary of discussion 21
1 7 Exploring other methods of distinguishing between words and terms 22
171 Standardized terms 22
172 Non-standardized terms 25
173 Exploring the notion of communicative setting 26
1 8 Sublanguages 28
181 Summary of discussion 34
1 9 Classifying communicative settings 36
191 Expert-expert communication 36
192 Expert to initiates 37
193 Relative expert to the uninitiated 38
194 Teacher-pupil communication 38
195 Summary of discussion 39
1 10 Conclusion 40
viii CONTENTS
2 Corpora, corpus design and corpus selection
2 1 Introduction
2 2 What is a corpus?
2 3 Types of corpora
231 General reference corpora and Monitor corpora
232 Subcorpora, components of corpora, specialized corpora and
special corpora
233 Sample corpora and full text corpora
234 Parallel and comparable corpora
235 Special purpose Corpora
2 4 Approaches to corpus studies
2 5 Corpus users
2 6 Compilation of corpora: design considerations
2 7 Classification of texts: external and internal criteria
271 External criteria
272 Internal criteria
2 8 Observations
2 9 Overview of design considerations in the compilation of
special purpose corpora
291 Corpus size
292 Topic
293 Genre
2 10 Proposals for design criteria for the design of special purpose
corpora
2 10 1 Size
2 10 2 Written text
2 10 3 Published
2 10 4 Text origin
2 10 5 Constitution
2 10 6 Author
2 10 7 Factuality
2 10 8 Technicality
2 10 9 Audience
2 10 10 Intended outcome
2 10 11 Setting
2 10 12 Topic
2 11 The search for suitable texts
2 11 1 The ITU corpus
2 11 2 The GCSE corpus
2 11 3 The Nature corpus
2 12 Conclusion
CONTENTS IX
3 Dictionaries and defining strategies 67
3 1 Introduction 67
3 2 Language dictionaries 68
321 Monolingual general language dictionaries 68
322 Bilingual general language dictionaries 69
323 Monolingual specialized dictionaries 70
324 Bi- and multilingual specialized dictionaries 71
3 3 Lexicographic methods 72
331 Early methods 73
332 The Cobuild approach 75
333 The Explanatory combinatorial dictionary 76
3 4 Explaining meaning 81
341 Substitutable defining strategy 82
342 The Cobuild defining strategy 83
343 ISO recommendations for definitions 85
3 5 Recommendations for good defining practice 85
351 Selection of a superordinate 85
352 Coverage 87
353 Choice of language for the definition 87
3 6 Conclusion 88
4 Analysis of definitions in text 89
4 1 Introduction 89
4 2 Swales 89
421 Summary 93
4 3 Widdowson 94
4 4 Larry Selinkeri R M Todd Trimble, Louis Trimble 95
4 5 Darian 96
4 6 Trimble's definition types 98
461 Trimble's formal definition 98
462 Trimble's semi-formal definition 98
463 Trimble's non-formal definition 99
464 Trimble's complex definitions 99
465 Summary 100
4 7 Flowerdew 100
471 Flowerdew's formal and semi-formal definitions 101
472 Flowerdew's definition by substitution 101
473 Structure of definitions in the Flowerdew corpus 102
474 Linguistic signalling of definitions in Flowerdew corpus 103
475 Summary 104
4 8 Conclusion 104
X CONTENTS
5 Defining as a performative act 105
5 1 Introduction 105
5 2 Austin's performatives 106
521 Austin's felicity conditions and rules governing performatives 106
522 Austin's criteria for identifying performatives
( 108
5 3 Defining as a performative 108
531 Felicity conditions for defining performatives 109
5 4 Distinguishing between types of defining performative 110
541 Defining exercitives 110
542 Summary 116
543 Defining expositives 116
5 5 Conclusion 119
6 Retrieval of terms from the corpora / 121
6 1 Introduction 121
6 2 Previous research into automatic identification and retrieval of terms 122
6 3 Identification and retrieval of corpus specific term formation patterns 123
631 Tag Sequence Pattern matching program 124
632 Decoding the pattern match specifications 124
6 4 Retrieval of term candidates 125
641 Retrieval of term candidates from the ITU corpus 125
642 Retrieval of term candidates from the GCSE corpus 126
643 Retrieval of term candidates from the Nature corpus 127
644 General observations on output from first phase 127
6 5 Refining the term identification process 128
651 Generic reference 128
652 Linguistic signals 130
6 6 Conclusion 134
7 Retrieval of formal and semi-formal defining expositives 135
7 1 Introduction 135
7 2 Simple formal defining expositives 136
721 Identifying simple formal defining expositives in text 137
722 Examples of simple formal defining expositives 144
7 3 Complex formal defining expositives 151
731 Complex formal defining expositives in the GCSE corpus 152
732 Complex formal defining performatives in the ITU corpus 155
733 Observations 157
CONTENTS XI
7 4 Semi-formal defining expositives 157
741 Specifying the slot fillers 158
742 The expression of semi-formal defining expositives 158
743 Examples of semi-formal defining expositives 159
744 Observations ' 162
7 5 Dictionary type definitions 162
751 Dictionary defining expositives in the ITU corpus 162
752 Dictionary defining expositives in the GCSE corpus 164
7 6 Conclusion 166
8 Synonymy, substitution and paraphrasing 168
8 1 Introduction 168
8 2 Defining our terms 169
821 Synonymy 169
822 Equivalence 173
8 3 In search of synonyms, paraphrase and substitution 174
831 Analysis of the connective phrase i e 175
832 Analysis of the connective phrase e g 178
833 Analysis of the connective phrase called 180
834 Analysis of the connective phrase known as 183
835 Analysis of connective phrase the term 185
836 Analysis of connective phrase (*) 186
8 4 Conclusion 189
9 Using the term as the node 191
9 1 Introduction 191
9 2 Evaluating occurrences of ankyrin* 192
9 3 Evaluating occurrences of respiration in the GCSE corpus 192
9 4 Collating the information 199
9 5 Conclusion 203
10 Summary 204
10 1 Summary of findings 204
10 2 Implications for future research 208
10 2 1 Term retrieval 208
10 2 2 Text evaluation and corpus design 208
10 2 3 Terminography 209
10 2 4 Using the approach for teaching LSP 210
xii CONTENTS
References 211
Appendix A 223
A I Codes used by CLG tagger 223
A 2 Specifications for tag sequence pattern files used in Chapter 6 223
A21 Specifications for ITU corpus 223
A22 Specifications for GCSE corpus 224
A23 Specifications for Nature corpus 224
Appendix B 226
B 1 Concordance of ANKYRIN* from the Nature corpus 226
B 2 Concordance of respiration from the GCSE corpus 232
B 3 Concordance of respire* in the GCSE corpus 238 |
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