Conceptual foundations of artificial agents:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
1998
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Leipzig, Univ., Habil., 1998 |
| Beschreibung: | X, 208 S. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Conceptual foundations of artificial agents |c eingereicht von Gerd Wagner |
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CONTENTS
1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1
1.1 PRACTICAL THEORY AND THEORY-BASED PRACTICE. 1
1.1.1 DO THE REAL THING. 1
1.1.2 THE SUCCESS OF DATABASE SYSTEMS. 2
1.1.3 THE DIFFICULTIES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS. 2
1.1.4 WHAT, IS AN AGENT ?. 3
1.2 VIVID AGENTS . 3
1.3 AN OVERVIEW OF VIVID AGENTS. 5
1.3.1 VIVID KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 5
1.3.2 SPECIFICATION OF REAGENTS. 8
1.3.3 DEFINING THE EXECUTION OF REAGENTS. 9
1.4 INTER-AGENT COMMUNICATION. 9
1.5 VIVA KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGENT PROGRAMMING. 11
1.6 MAIN CONTRIBUTIONS. 11
2 POSITIVE KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS
13
2.1 BASIC CONCEPTS. 13
2.1.1 REGULAR POSITIVE KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 15
2.1.2 FORMAL PROPERTIES OF KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 17
2.1.3 MINIMAL CHANGE . 18
2.1.4 NONMONOTONICITY. 19
2.1.5 RELATIONAL DATABASES. 19
2.1.6 VIVID KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 22
2.2 FUZZY DATABASES . 22
2.3 TEMPORAL DATABASES . 25
2.4 BITEMPORAL DATABASES . 29
2.5 SECURE DATABASES. 30
2.6 DISJUNCTIVE DATABASES . 33
2.7 S5 DATABASES. 34
3 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS 37
3.1 BASIC CONCEPTS. 38
3.1.1 REGULAR KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 38
3.1.2 CONSISTENCY. 39
V
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/954037707
VI
CONTENTS
3.1.3 MINIMAL CHANGE . 40
3.1.4 VIVID KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 41
3.2 STANDARD LOGICS AS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS. 41
3.3 INCOMPLETE RELATIONAL DATABASES . 42
3.3.1 SHORTCOMINGS OF IRDBS. 44
3.4 RELATIONAL FACTBASES. 45
3.5 POSSIBILISTIC DATABASES. 47
3.6 SOURCE-LABELED FACTBASES. 50
3.7 SECURE FACTBASES . 51
3.8 DISJUNCTIVE FACTBASES. 53
3.8.1 EXACT PREDICATES AND THE CLOSED-WORLD ASSUMPTION
. 55
3.8.2 REASONING WITH THREE KINDS OF PREDICATES. 57
4 ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE AND REASONING SERVICES 59
4.1 DEDUCTION RULES. 59
4.1.1 CONSTRAINT SEMANTICS OF RULES. 60
4.1.2 DYNAMIC SEMANTICS OF RULES. 60
4.1.3 STABLE CLOSURES. 60
4.1.4 DEDUCTIVE KNOWLEDGE BASES. 60
4.2 ACTIVE KNOWLEDGE BASES. 61
4.3 EXPLANATIONS . 61
4.4 DIAGNOSES. 62
4.5 REPRESENTING ACTIONS AND GENERATING PLANS . 63
5 DEDUCTIVE KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS 65
5.1 INTRODUCTION. 65
5.2 DEDUCTIVE KNOWLEDGE BASES. 66
5.3 FURTHER EXAMPLES OF DEDUCTIVE KNOWLEDGE BASES . 73
5.3.1 TEMPORAL DEDUCTIVE DATABASES. 73
5.3.2 EXTENDED DISJUNCTIVE LOGIC PROGRAMS. 73
5.3.3 S5 DEDUCTIVE DATABASE. 74
5.3.4 POSSIBILISTIC DEDUCTIVE DATABASE. 74
5.4 THE IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE OPERATOR. 76
5.5 OPERATIONAL VERSUS CONSTRAINT SEMANTICS OF RULES. 78
5.6 AMPLIATIVE DKBS. 78
5.6.1 MONOTONIC DKBS. 79
5.6.2 PERSISTENT AMPLIATIVE DKBS. 80
5.6.3 MONOTONIC AMPLIATIVE DKBS . 82
5.7 NON-AMPLIATIVE DKBS. 83
5.8 CONCLUSION. 83
6
REAGENTS
85
6.1 REACTION AND INTERACTION RULES . 85
6.1.1 EXAMPLE: AN ELEVATOR AS A REAGENT. 86
CONTENTS
VII
G.1.2 VERIFYING THE ELEVATOR SPECIFICATION. 87
6.1.3 EXAMPLE: COMMUNICATING ELEVATORS. 88
6.1.4 INCOMPLETE AND INCONSISTENT INFORMATION. 89
6.2 SPECIFYING REAGENTS. 92
6.3 OPERATIONAL SEMANTICS OF REACTION RULES. 92
6.4 DEFINING THE EXECUTION OF REAGENTS BY META-PROGRAMMING . 94
6.5 REAGENT SYSTEMS AS TRANSITION SYSTEMS. 95
6.6 ASSERTIONAL REASONING . 96
6.7 EXAMPLES OF VERIFICATION. 97
7 COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE BASES 101
7.1 SECURE INTER-AGENT COMMUNICATION. 101
7-1.1 TELL.101
7.1.2 ASK.101
7.1.3 REPLY .102
7.1.4 AN EXAMPLE OF SECURE COMMUNICATION.103
7.2 MULTI-KNOWLEDGE BASES.104
7.2.1 DISTRIBUTED UPDATING AND QUERY ANSWERING IN MULTI-DATABASE
SYSTEMS.104
7.2.2 EXAMPLE: A TWO-DATABASE SYSTEM.105
7.2.3 DISTRIBUTED QUERY ANSWERING. 106
7.2.4 DISTRIBUTED UPDATING.108
7.2.5 DISTRIBUTED UPDATING USING REPLICATION .108
7.2.6 CORRECTNESS.109
7.3 COOPERATIVE KNOWLEDGE BASES.109
7.3.1 THE CONTRACT NET PROTOCOL FOR COOPERATIVE QUERY ANSWERING 110
7.3.2 RUNNING THE CNP.112
7.3.3 FORMAL PROPERTIES OF THE CNP.112
8
PLANNING SYSTEMS
115
8.1 REPRESENTING ACTIONS.115
8.1.1 EPISTEMIC ACTION RULES.116
8.1.2 PHYSICAL AND COMMUNICATIVE ACTION RULES.117
8.2 GENERATING PLANS.118
9 VIVID AGENTS 119
9.1 SPECIFICATION OF VIVID AGENTS.119
9.2 DEFINING THE EXECUTION OF VIVID AGENTS BY META-PROGRAMMING . . 121
9.3 MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS AS TRANSITION SYSTEMS .122
9.4 ASSERTIONAL REASONING .126
9.5 RELATED WORK.126
9.6 OPEN ISSUES AND LIMITATIONS.129
9.7 CONCLUSION.129
VIII
CONTENTS
10 VIVA KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGENT PROGRAMMING 131
10.1 INTRODUCTION.131
10.2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGENT PROGRAMMING . . 132
10.2.1 VERSATILITY.132
10.2.2 SCALABILITY.133
10.2.3 CONSERVATIVITY.133
10.3 SPECIFYING AND EXECUTING AGENTS IN VIVA.133
10.3.1 REAGENTS.134
10.3.2 AGENTS.135
10.4 SCHEMA DEFINITION.135
10.4.1 DEFINING PREDICATES.136
10.4.2 DEFINING EVENT SCHEMAS.139
10.4.3 DEFINING ACTION SCHEMAS.140
10.5 BEHAVIOR DEFINITION.140
10.5.1 EXAMPLE: AN ELEVATOR AS A REAGENT,.140
10.5.2 DEFINING ACTIONS .142
10.5.3 DEFINING REACTIONS.143
10.6 AGENT INITIALIZATION.144
10.7 ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS.144
10.7.1 DEFINING QUALIFIED EXTENSIONAL PREDICATES.144
10.7.2 DEFINING INTENSIONAL PREDICATES.145
10.8 PRE-DEFINED COMMUNICATION EVENTS.146
10.8.1 TELL, ASK, AND REPLY.147
10.8.2 REQUESTS TO ACT.148
10.9 FURTHER DESIDERATA.149
10.9.1 EXTENSIBILITY.149
10.9.2 SCHEMA AND BEHAVIOR INHERITANCE.149
10.9.3 ONLINE MODIFICATION.149
LO.LORELATED WORK.150
10.LLPROGRAMMING EXAMPLES.151
10.11.1 COMMUNICATING ELEVATORS.151
10.11.2 A TWO-DATABASE SYSTEM.152
10.12A PVM-PROLOG-BASED INTERPRETER FOR VIVID AGENTS.155
10.12.1 PVM AND PVM-PROLOG.155
10.12.2 AN INTERPRETER FOR VIVID AGENTS.156
11
FURTHER TOPICS, OPEN PROBLEMS
159
A PARTIAL LOGICS WITH TWO KINDS OF NEGATION 161
A.L PRELIMINARIES .16I
A.2 PARTIAL MODELS.162
A.3 CLASSICAL LOGIC AS A SPECIAL CASE OF PARTIAL LOGIC .165
A.3.1 FROM PARTIAL TO CLASSICAL LOGIC.165
A.3.2 CONFUSING SEMI-PARTIAL LOGIC WITH CLASSICAL LOGIC.166
CONTENTS
IX
B POSSIBILISTIC LOGIC 169
B.L INTRODUCTION.169
B.2 PRELIMINARIES .170
B.3 THE LOGICAL SEMANTICS PROBLEM OF REASONING WITH UNCERTAINTY . . 170
B.3.1 A NATURAL SOLUTION.171
B.3.2 THE NON-COMPOSITIONAL POSSIBILITY-THEORETIC APPROACH . . 172
B.4 SEMI-POSSIBILISTIC LOGIC.173
B. 5 POSSIBILISTIC LOGIC.176
C THE LOGIC OF TEMPORALLY QUALIFIED INFORMATION 181
C. L SYNTAX.181
C.2 SEMANTICS.183
C.3 FROM TIMEPOINTS TO TIMESTAMPS AND VICE VERSA.184
C.4 MINIMAL MODELS.185
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN ERGEBNISSE 197
3.5 EINFIIHRUNG .197
3.5.1 WAS IST EIN AGENT ?.197
3.5.2 VIVIDE AGENTEN.198
3.6 VIVIDE WISSENSREPRASENTATION .199
3.6.1 POSITIVE WISSENSSYSTEME.200
3.6.2 ALLGEMEINE WISSENSSYSTEME .201
3.6.3 DEDUKTIVE WISSENSSYSTEME.203
3.7 REAGENTEN.203
3.8 KOMMUNIKATION ZWISCHEN VIVIDEN AGENTEN.205
3.9 PROAKTIVE VIVIDE AGENTEN.206
3.10 AGENTENPROGRAMMIERUNG IN VIVA.207
3.10.1 SCHEMADEFINITION.208
3.10.2 VERHALTENSDEFINTION.208 |
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| spelling | Wagner, Gerd Verfasser aut Conceptual foundations of artificial agents eingereicht von Gerd Wagner 1998 X, 208 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Leipzig, Univ., Habil., 1998 Deklarative Programmiersprache (DE-588)4293502-7 gnd rswk-swf Wissensbasiertes System (DE-588)4197554-6 gnd rswk-swf Inferenzsystem (DE-588)4288863-3 gnd rswk-swf Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 gnd rswk-swf Produktionsregelsystem (DE-588)4258171-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 s Wissensbasiertes System (DE-588)4197554-6 s Inferenzsystem (DE-588)4288863-3 s Produktionsregelsystem (DE-588)4258171-0 s Deklarative Programmiersprache (DE-588)4293502-7 s DE-604 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008164091&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Wagner, Gerd Conceptual foundations of artificial agents Deklarative Programmiersprache (DE-588)4293502-7 gnd Wissensbasiertes System (DE-588)4197554-6 gnd Inferenzsystem (DE-588)4288863-3 gnd Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 gnd Produktionsregelsystem (DE-588)4258171-0 gnd |
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| title | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents |
| title_auth | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents |
| title_exact_search | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents |
| title_full | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents eingereicht von Gerd Wagner |
| title_fullStr | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents eingereicht von Gerd Wagner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents eingereicht von Gerd Wagner |
| title_short | Conceptual foundations of artificial agents |
| title_sort | conceptual foundations of artificial agents |
| topic | Deklarative Programmiersprache (DE-588)4293502-7 gnd Wissensbasiertes System (DE-588)4197554-6 gnd Inferenzsystem (DE-588)4288863-3 gnd Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 gnd Produktionsregelsystem (DE-588)4258171-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Deklarative Programmiersprache Wissensbasiertes System Inferenzsystem Mehragentensystem Produktionsregelsystem Hochschulschrift |
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