Control of cardiac rhythm:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philadelphia u.a.
Lippincott-Raven
1998
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIII, 186 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 039758783X |
Staff View
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Vaughan Williams, Edward M. |d 1908- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)12958987X |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Control of cardiac rhythm |c E. M. Vaughan Williams ; John C. Somberg |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia u.a. |b Lippincott-Raven |c 1998 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 186 S. |b Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Anti-Arrhythmia Agents |x pharmacology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Arrhythmias, Cardiac |x drug therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Arrhythmias, Cardiac |x prevention & control | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Myocardial depressants | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Somberg, John C. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008023192&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008023192 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804126461840326656 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface xiii
1. Historical Background 1
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Action Potential Plateau 2
The Second Inward Current 2
Anomalous (Inward) Rectification 3
Class 1 Antiarrhythmic Action 3
Class 2 Antiarrhythmic Action 4
Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Action 4
Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Action 5
Class 5 Antiarrhythmic Action 5
Subsequent Developments 6
Signalling between Cells 6
Intracardiac Nervous System 8
Summary 9
References 9
2. Class 1 Antiarrhythmic Action 11
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Conduction 11
Gap Junctions 12
Alternative Explanation for Antiarrhythmic Action 15
Subdivision of Class 1 Antiarrhythmic Agents 15
Kinetics of Attachment and Detachment of Class 1 Drugs 16
The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial 19
Effects of Individual Class la Agents 20
Quinidine 20
Atrial Arrhythmias 20
Ventricular Arrhythmias 21
Procainamide 21
Disopyramide 22
Effects of Individual Class lb Agents 22
Lidocaine 22
Mexiletine 24
Tocainide 25
Effects of Individual Class lc Agents 25
Flecainide 25
Moricizine 26
Cibenzoline 26
v
vi CONTENTS
Lorcainide 27
Propafenone 27
Magnesium 28
Site of Attachment to Sodium Channels 28
References 30
3. Class 2 Antiarrythmic Action 33
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Autonomic Control of Heart Rate 33
Cholinergic Influence 33
Adrenergic Influence 34
Adrenergic Arrhythmogenicity 36
Effects of Individual Class 2 Antiarrhythmic Agents 37
Bretylium 37
Competitive Adrenoceptor Blockade 38
Additional Local Anesthetic Action 38
pl Adrenoceptor Selectivity 39
Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity (ISA) 39
Long term |3 Blockade and Rate Correction of QT (QTC) 39
Beta Blocking Drugs with Additional Properties 40
Sotalol 40
Labetolol 40
Bevantolol 41
Carvedilol 41
References 41
4. Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Action 43
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Potassium Channels 45
Delayed Rectification 45
Ultra rapid Delayed Rectification 45
Inward Rectification 45
Transient Outward Current 46
Sodium activated Potassium Current 46
ATP regulated Potassium Current (Ik atp) 47
Potassium Current Activated by Acetylcholine (Ik ach) 47
Molecular Structure of Potassium Channels 48
Effects of Individual Class 3 Agents 48
Amiodarone 48
Class 2 Action 48
Class 3 Action 49
Class 1 Action 49
Class 4 Action 49
Thyroid Interaction 50
Clinical Efficacy 50
Amiodarone in Ischemia 51
Side Effects of Amiodarone 51
L
CONTENTS vii
Sotalol 51
Reverse Frequency Dependance 52
Clinical Efficacy of Sotalol 53
Sotalol and Proarrhythmia 53
d Sotalol 53
The Survival with Oral D Sotalol Trial (SWORD) 54
New Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Agents 54
Methane Sulphonamides 54
SR 33589 54
Compound II 55
Dofetilide 55
E4031 55
Sematilide 56
WAY 123,398 56
Ibutilide 56
Class 3 Agents without a Methylsulphonamide Group 57
Clofilium 57
Almokalant 57
Tedisamil 58
Conclusion 58
References 58
5. The Long QT Syndrome and Torsade De Pointes 65
E. M. Vaughan Williams
The Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) 66
The Genetic Defect in LQTS 68
Molecular Structure of Potassium Channels 68
Abnormalities of K+ Channels in LQTS 69
Implications for Therapy 69
Torsade de Pointes 70
Misnomers 71
References 71
6. Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Action 73
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Skelatal and Cardiac Muscle 73
Voltage gated Calcium Channels 73
Sodium/Calcium Exchange 74
Calcium Antagonists 76
Verapamil and Diltiazem 76
Dihydropyridines 76
Mibefradil 78
Indirect Class 4 Action 78
Acetylcholine 78
Adenosine 78
Digitalis 79
References 80
viii CONTENTS
7. Class 5 Antiarrhythmic Action 83
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Specific Bradycardic Agents 83
Alinidine 83
Pharmacokinetics 84
Mode of Action 85
Antiarrhythmic Action 85
Ionic Currents in the Sinoatrial Node 86
Chloride Current 87
Chloride Current in Cardiac Myocytes 87
Hyperpolarization Induced Current 88
Zero Time of the Pacemaking Cycle 89
Other Specific Bradycardic Agents 90
Falipamil 90
Zatebradine 90
SC 16257 91
Conclusion 91
References 91
8. Risk Factors: Ischemia and Hypertrophy 93
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Ischemic Heart Disease and Risk of Arrhythmia 93
Progressive Effects of Hypoxia and Ischemia 93
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System 94
Sodium Current in Hypoxia/Ischemia 95
Calcium Current in Hypoxia/Ischemia 96
Potassium Current in Hypoxia/Ischemia 97
Ischemic Preconditioning 98
Nonischemic Preconditioning 99
Physiologic Cardiac Hypertrophy 99
Stretch 100
Catecholamines 100
Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy 102
Ace Inhibitors 102
Heart Failure 103
Conclusion 104
References 104
9. Proarrhythmia and Combination Therapy 107
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Proarrhythmia 107
Extracardiac Influences 109
Histamine 109
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide 110
Combination Therapy 110
Class 1 Combinations 110
CONTENTS ix
Class 1 and Class 3 Combinations 110
Ipazilide Ill
Class 2 and Class 3 Combination Ill
Combined Actions of Existing Class 1 Agents 112
New Antiarrhythmic Drugs 112
Avoidance of Proarrhythmia by Combination Therapy 112
Ancient Chinese Remedies 113
References 113
10. The Clinical Pharmacology of Antiarrythmic Agents 115
John C. Somberg
Antiarrythmic Drug Classification 115
Antiarrhythmic Drugs 116
Class la Antiarrhythmics 116
Quinidine 116
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 116
Pharmacokinetics 116
Clinical Use 117
Adverse Effects 117
Dosage and Administration 117
Proarrhythmia 117
Procainamide 118
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 118
Pharmacokinetics 118
Clinical Use 118
Adverse Effects 119
Dosage and Administration 119
Disopyramide 119
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 119
Pharmacokinetics 120
Clinical Use 120
Adverse Effects 120
Dosage and Administration 120
Class lb Antiarrhythmics 121
Lidocaine 121
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 121
Pharmacokinetics 121
Clinical Use 121
Adverse Effects 122
Dosage and Administration 122
Mexilitene 122
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 123
Pharmacokinetics 123
Clinical Use 123
Adverse Effects 123
Dosage and Administration 123
x CONTENTS
Tocainide 123
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 123
Pharmacokinetics 124
Clinical Use 124
Adverse Effects 124
Dosage and Administration 124
Class lc Antiarrhythmics 124
Encainide 124
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 124
Pharmacokinetics 125
Clinical Use 125
Adverse Effects 125
Dosage and Administration 126
Flecainide 126
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 126
Pharmacokinetics 126
Clinical Use 126
Adverse Effects 127
Dosage and Administration 127
Propafenone 127
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 127
Pharmacokinetics 128
Clinical Use 128
Adverse Effects 128
Dosage and Administration 129
Moricizine 129
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 129
Pharmacokinetics 129
Clinical Use 129
Adverse Effects 130
Dosage and Administration 130
Class 2 Antiarrhythmic Agents 130
P Adrenergic Blocking Agents 130
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 130
Pharmacokinetics 130
Clinical Use 130
Adverse Effects 131
Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Agents 131
Amiodarone 131
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 131
Pharmacokinetics 131
Clinical Use 132
IV Amiodarone 134
Treatment of Atrial Arrhythmias 135
Adverse Effects 135
CONTENTS xi
Dosage and Administration 135
Bretylium 135
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 136
Pharmacokinetics 136
Clinical Use 136
Adverse Effects 136
Dosage and Administration 137
Sotalol 137
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 137
Pharmacokinetics 137
Clinical Efficacy 137
Ventricular Arrhythmias 138
Adverse Effects 138
Dosage and Administration 139
Ibutilide 139
Clinical Action 139
Adverse Drug Reaction 139
Dosage and Administration 140
Drug Interactions 140
Class 4 Calcium Channel Blockers 140
Verapamil 140
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 140
Pharmacokinetics 140
Clinical Use 140
Adverse Effects 141
Dosage and Administration 141
Diltiazem 142
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 142
Pharmacokinetics 142
Clinical Efficacy 142
Adverse Effects 142
Dosage and Administration 143
Adenosine 143
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 143
Pharmacokinetics 143
Clinical Use 143
Adverse Effects 144
Dosage and Administration 144
Clinical Use 144
Digoxin 144
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 144
Pharmacokinetics 144
Clinical Use 144
Adverse Effects 145
Dosage and Administration 145
xii CONTENTS
Magnesium 146
Pharmacology/Electrophysiology 146
Pharmacokinetics 146
Clinical Use 146
Adverse Effects 146
Dosage and Administration 147
References 147
11. Clinical Therapy 155
John C. Somberg
Sudden Death/Cardiac Arrest Survivors 156
High Risk Patients for a First Event 158
Ventricular Fibrillation Therapy 159
VT Characterization and Pharmacologic Therapy 159
Accelerated Ventricular Rhythm 159
Exercise induced VT 159
LQTS/Torsade de Pointes 160
Noncongenital LQT Syndrome 160
Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia 161
Arrhythmogenic Dysplasia 161
Bundle Branch Reentry 161
Monomorphic VT with Bundle Branch Block Conduction 162
Ventricular Flutter 162
SVT Therapy 162
Atrial Premature Contraction Therapy 163
Sinus Tachycardia 164
Atrial Ectopic Tachycardia 164
Proximal Atrial Tachycardia 164
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia 165
Atrial Fibrillation 165
Atrial Flutter 166
AV Node Reentry 167
Junctional Tachycardia 167
Summary 167
References 168
12. Therapeutic Perspective 171
E. M. Vaughan Williams
Scientific Cardiology 171
Faith as Healer 171
Development of New Drugs 172
Selection of Patients for Antiarrhythmic Therapy 173
Patient Involvement in Decisions 174
Cardiology in Perspective 174
References 175
Subject Index 177
|
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| spelling | Vaughan Williams, Edward M. 1908- Verfasser (DE-588)12958987X aut Control of cardiac rhythm E. M. Vaughan Williams ; John C. Somberg Philadelphia u.a. Lippincott-Raven 1998 XIII, 186 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Anti-Arrhythmia Agents pharmacology Arrhythmias, Cardiac drug therapy Arrhythmias, Cardiac prevention & control Myocardial depressants Somberg, John C. Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008023192&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Vaughan Williams, Edward M. 1908- Somberg, John C. Control of cardiac rhythm Anti-Arrhythmia Agents pharmacology Arrhythmias, Cardiac drug therapy Arrhythmias, Cardiac prevention & control Myocardial depressants |
| title | Control of cardiac rhythm |
| title_auth | Control of cardiac rhythm |
| title_exact_search | Control of cardiac rhythm |
| title_full | Control of cardiac rhythm E. M. Vaughan Williams ; John C. Somberg |
| title_fullStr | Control of cardiac rhythm E. M. Vaughan Williams ; John C. Somberg |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control of cardiac rhythm E. M. Vaughan Williams ; John C. Somberg |
| title_short | Control of cardiac rhythm |
| title_sort | control of cardiac rhythm |
| topic | Anti-Arrhythmia Agents pharmacology Arrhythmias, Cardiac drug therapy Arrhythmias, Cardiac prevention & control Myocardial depressants |
| topic_facet | Anti-Arrhythmia Agents pharmacology Arrhythmias, Cardiac drug therapy Arrhythmias, Cardiac prevention & control Myocardial depressants |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008023192&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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