Osteochondrosis:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1998
|
| Schriftenreihe: | [The veterinary clinics of North America / Small animal practice]
28,1 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VIII, 195 S. Ill. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | OSTEOCHONDROSIS
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Joseph Harari
Historical Perspectives of Osteochondrosis 1
Robert L. Leighton
A famous historian, Toynbee, wrote that history was based on
challenge and response. Certainly the development of our under¬
standing of osteochondrosis dissecans in the dog fits this descrip¬
tion. From the first indications of the disease to our present
understanding took about 60 years. The times were right, for
during this period improvements in anesthesiology, radiology,
and surgery, along with the demands of clients coupled with the
presence of skilled trained investigators and sharp practitioners,
brought about a continually increasing mass of information about
a new disease entity. It is proper for us to give credit to those
gifted individuals who patiently worked to unravel each bit of
information. Our current challenge is that much more remains to
be done.
The Pathophysiology of Osteochondrosis 17
Stina Ekman and Cathy S. Carlson
Osteochondrosis is a disorder of eptphyseal cartilage about which
there is considerable confusion in the literature, largely because
it has been studied mainly in its chronic stages. Based on recent
studies in pigs and horses, and supported by observations in
dogs and cats, local ischemia, secondary to defects in cartilage
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA:
SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
VOLUME 28 • NUMBER I • JANUARY IW8 V
canal blood supply, is a key factor in the inititation of lesions of
osteochondrosis and explains many of the features of this disease.
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Head 33
Spencer A. Johnston
Osteochondritis dissecans (OSD) of the humeral head is fre¬
quently identified as a cause of forelimb lameness in the dog.
Surgical removal of the cartilaginous flap remains the preferred
method of treatment in dogs demonstrating clinical signs of lame¬
ness and pain. This article reviews the pertinent literature regard¬
ing humeral head OSD, present diagnostic and therapeutic op¬
tions, and surgical treatment of this condition.
Fragmented Medial Coronoid Process of the
Ulna in the Dog 51
James P. Boulay
Fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna is an important
cause of elbow dysplasia in the dog. Etiologic factors that have
been identified include osteochondrosis, ulnar trochlear notch
incongruity or dysplasia, and asynchronous growth of the radius
and ulna. Treatment options that are discussed are conservative
medical management, surgical removal of the coronoid frag¬
ments, and ulnar osteotomy or ostectomy. Prognosis is variable
and depends on etiologic factors and response to therapy.
Ununited Anconeal Process in the Dog 75
Lennart Sjostrom
Recent data suggest that the cause of ununited anconeal process
(UAP) is an incongruous growth of the radius and the ulna,
causing abnormal pressure on the anconeal process. The current
recommendation for treatment of UAP is to perform an osteot¬
omy of the ulna to relieve this pressure and thus allow the
anconeal process to unite. The operation should be performed
as early as possible, before secondary changes have developed.
Prognosis with treatment is favorable, even in active and work¬
ing dogs.
Osteochondrosis of the Femur 87
Joseph Harari
Osteochondrosis can occur in the stifle joint(s) of young, rapidly
growing large breeds of dogs. Although not as common as osteo¬
chondrosis of the shoulder, elbow, and hock joints, the osteochon
dral defect in the femoral condyle(s) and stifle joint fragment can
cause a clinically apparent lameness. Radiography is beneficial in
identifying the lesion(s), and surgical therapy is useful in restor¬
ing limb function.
Vi CONTENTS
Osteochondrosis of the Canine Tibiotarsal Joint 95
Randall B. Fitch and Brian S. Beale
This article reviews previous literature and current conclusions
regarding osteochondrosis dissecans in the canine tarsus since it
was first reported only 20 years ago. Breed, signalment, and
clinical characteristics can greatly aid the clinician in suspicion of
this condition. Specific radiographic techniques for confirmation
of osteochondrosis are discussed. Treatment options, expecta¬
tions, and specific surgical approaches are reviewed.
Nutrition and Osteochondrosis 115
Daniel C. Richardson and Jurgen Zentek
Developmental orthopedic disease is a group of musculoskeletal
disorders that occur in growing animals (most commonly fast
growing, large breed dogs). Osteochondritis dissecans and canine
hip dysplasia are the overwhelming majority of the diagnoses in
those musculoskeletal problems with a possible nutritional re¬
lated etiology. Nutritional management alone will not completely
control osteochondrosis or any of the developmental bone dis¬
eases. However, osteochondrosis and other developmental ortho¬
pedic diseases can be influenced during growth by feeding tech¬
nique and nutrient profile. Dietary deficiencies are of minimal
concern in this age of commercial foods specifically prepared for
young, growing dogs. The potential for harm is in overnutrition
from excess consumption and over supplementation.
Diagnostic Imaging of Osteochondrosis 137
Hege Kippenes and Gary Johnston
Detection of osteochondritis dissecans lesions in dogs is often a
search for subtle changes, as early diagnosis and subsequent
early surgery are important for an optimal prognosis. This article
includes imaging of the glenohumeral (shoulder), elbow, stifle,
and tarsal joints. The imaging modalities discussed are survey
radiography, contrast arthrography, linear tomography, ultra¬
sound, computed tomography, scintigraphy, and magnetic reso¬
nance.
Diagnostic and Surgical Arthroscopy in Osteochondrosis
Lesions 161
Henri J. J. van Bree and Bernadotte Van Ryssen
In the dog, as in man and the horse, arthroscopy has an important
role in treatment of joint disease. In the shoulder, elbow, and stifle
joints, surgical arthroscopy can and should replace the classical
surgical methods of treating osteochondrosis lesions. In elbow
and tarsocrural joint disorders, the diagnostic potentials of
arthroscopy are evident. With the established techniques, not
only can the lesions be diagnosed with accuracy, but they can
CONTENTS vii
also be treated within the same procedure, making arthroscopy
the treatment of choice to deal with osteochondrosis lesions.
Without a doubt, arthroscopy will play an important role in the
understanding of the etiopathology of different joint diseases,
especially within the elbow joint, where so many questions re¬
main unresolved. The advantages of arthroscopy in the diagnosis
and treatment of osteochondrosis have also encouraged other
veterinary surgeons to adopt the technique. In the developmental
stage of arthroscopy in the dog, a frequently expressed comment
was that arthrotomy was as valuable and as easy (or easier) to
perform as arthroscopy. Now that the advantages of arthroscopy
have been demonstrated, the skepticism has changed into enthu¬
siasm. The same evolution is noted with arthroscopy in both man
and the horse.
Index 191
Subscription Information Inside back cover
viii CONTENTS
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| title | Osteochondrosis |
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