Tobacco control laws: implementation and enforcement
In this study, the authors examined the process by which anti-tobacco laws and ordinances were implemented and enforced in seven states and 19 localities. Their findings indicated that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by government agencies. Instead, these laws were...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Santa Monica, CA [u.a.]
RAND
1997
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | In this study, the authors examined the process by which anti-tobacco laws and ordinances were implemented and enforced in seven states and 19 localities. Their findings indicated that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by government agencies. Instead, these laws were largely self-enforcing, in that changed social norms regarding appropriate smoking behavior have led to high compliance rates. In contrast, teen access laws were consistently and vigorously enforced, mainly through periodic vendor compliance checks that were conducted in many of the sites visited. The authors also found that anti-tobacco forces do not devote a significant amount of resources to implementation and enforcement issues. Rather, their attention is focused on enacting new legislation and fighting tobacco industry attempts to weaken existing laws through, for example, state preemption of local ordinances. Finally, the authors found that local enforcement is a critical ingredient to the success of virtually any tobacco control effort. The study's results do not augur well for public health measures that require state-level enforcement that are opposed by powerful and politically well-connected interests. To be effective, legislation must contain specific enforcement measures, such as license removal by local authorities. |
| Beschreibung: | XXIII, 203 S. |
| ISBN: | 0833024868 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a In this study, the authors examined the process by which anti-tobacco laws and ordinances were implemented and enforced in seven states and 19 localities. Their findings indicated that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by government agencies. Instead, these laws were largely self-enforcing, in that changed social norms regarding appropriate smoking behavior have led to high compliance rates. In contrast, teen access laws were consistently and vigorously enforced, mainly through periodic vendor compliance checks that were conducted in many of the sites visited. The authors also found that anti-tobacco forces do not devote a significant amount of resources to implementation and enforcement issues. Rather, their attention is focused on enacting new legislation and fighting tobacco industry attempts to weaken existing laws through, for example, state preemption of local ordinances. Finally, the authors found that local enforcement is a critical ingredient to the success of virtually any tobacco control effort. The study's results do not augur well for public health measures that require state-level enforcement that are opposed by powerful and politically well-connected interests. To be effective, legislation must contain specific enforcement measures, such as license removal by local authorities. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | AND PETER D. JACOBSON JEFFREY WASSERMAN SUPPORTED BY THE ROBERT WOOD
JOHNSON FOUNDATION RAND CONTENTS PREFACE III TABLES IX SUMMARY XI
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXIII CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 BACKGROUND 2 THE
HISTORY OF REGULATION 2 THE POLITICAL EVOLUTION OF ANTI-TOBACCO
LEGISLATION AND REGULATION 6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS . 18 THE POLICY CONTEXT
18 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 19 CONCEPTUAL APPROACH AND HYPOTHESES 20
ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT 22 CHAPTER TWO OVERVIEW OF THE CASE STUDIES
23 CASE STUDY METHODS 23 SITE SELECTION 23 DATA COLLECTION 25 STUDY
LIMITATIONS 27 SYNOPSES OF CASE STUDIES 27 TEXAS 28 ARIZONA 30 MINNESOTA
33 VI TOBACCO CONTROL LAWS: IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT CALIFORNIA 36
NEW YORK STATE 38 ILLINOIS 42 FLORIDA 44 CHAPTER THREE RESULTS 49 HOW
ARE TOBACCO CONTROL LAWS IMPLEMENTED AND ENFORCED? 49 IMPLEMENTATION
VERSUS ENFORCEMENT 49 CLEAN INDOOR AIR LAWS 49 LAWS RESTRICTING YOUTH
ACCESS TO TOBACCO 53 FRAGMENTED ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY 57 PENALIZING
TEENS FOR SMOKING 58 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STATEWIDE LEGISLATION AND
LOCAL ORDINANCES 59 STATEWIDE LEGISLATION AND LOCAL ORDINANCES: ATWO-WAY
STREET 60 ENFORCEMENT CONSIDERATIONS . 61 SYNAR AMENDMENT 62 THE EFFECTS
OF PREEMPTION 63 DIFFUSION OF TOBACCO CONTROL LAWS ACROSS COMMUNITIES 64
STAKEHOLDER ROLES IN ENFORCEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION . . 66 ANTI-TOBACCO
COALITIONS 66 THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY 70 RETAIL MERCHANTS 71 BARRIERS TO
EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT 73 SALIENCE OF THE SMOKING
ISSUE 73 RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS 75 FRAGMENTED ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY 76
AMBIGUOUS LEGAL AUTHORITY 76 PREEMPTION 76 POTENTIAL BACKLASH 77 CHAPTER
FOUR DISCUSSION 79 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEGISLATIVE ENACTMENT,
IMPLEMENTATION, AND ENFORCEMENT 81 CONTENTS VII EFFECTIVE ENFORCEMENT
MECHANISMS 82 CLEAN INDOOR AIR 82 YOUTHACCESS 83 ABDICATION OF A STATE
STRATEGY BY ANTI-TOBACCO ADVOCATES 84 SYMBOLIC STATEMENTS AND CULTURAL
CHANGE 85 DIFFERENCES IN ENFORCING AND IMPLEMENTING CLEAN INDOOR AIR
REGULATIONS AND YOUTH ACCESS RESTRICTIONS 85 SCALE AND COMMITMENT 87
LESSONS REGARDING COALITION ACTIVITY 88 ENFORCEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
88 ANTICIPATING THE INDUSTRY RESPONSE 91 DEVELOPING A REGIONAL STRATEGY
91 POLICY IMPLICATIONS 92 APPENDIX A. TEXAS CASE STUDY 97 B. ARIZONA
CASE STUDY 109 C. MINNESOTA CASE STUDY 121 D. CALIFORNIA CASE STUDY 133
E. NEWYORKCASE STUDY 145 F. ILLINOIS CASE STUDY 163 G. FLORIDA CASE
STUDY 177 H. INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR ASSESSING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TOBACCO
CONTROL LAWS 189 BIBLIOGRAPHY 195
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Jacobson, Peter D. Wasserman, Jeffrey |
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| dewey-sort | 3363.4 |
| dewey-tens | 360 - Social problems and services; associations |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft Soziologie |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Jacobson, Peter D. Verfasser aut Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement Peter D. Jacobson ; Jeffrey Wasserman Santa Monica, CA [u.a.] RAND 1997 XXIII, 203 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In this study, the authors examined the process by which anti-tobacco laws and ordinances were implemented and enforced in seven states and 19 localities. Their findings indicated that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by government agencies. Instead, these laws were largely self-enforcing, in that changed social norms regarding appropriate smoking behavior have led to high compliance rates. In contrast, teen access laws were consistently and vigorously enforced, mainly through periodic vendor compliance checks that were conducted in many of the sites visited. The authors also found that anti-tobacco forces do not devote a significant amount of resources to implementation and enforcement issues. Rather, their attention is focused on enacting new legislation and fighting tobacco industry attempts to weaken existing laws through, for example, state preemption of local ordinances. Finally, the authors found that local enforcement is a critical ingredient to the success of virtually any tobacco control effort. The study's results do not augur well for public health measures that require state-level enforcement that are opposed by powerful and politically well-connected interests. To be effective, legislation must contain specific enforcement measures, such as license removal by local authorities. LAW / Civil Law bisacsh Recht Smoking Law and legislation United States Tobacco Law and legislation United States Nichtraucher (DE-588)4171778-8 gnd rswk-swf Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 gnd rswk-swf USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Nichtraucher (DE-588)4171778-8 s Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 s DE-604 Wasserman, Jeffrey Verfasser aut GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007943904&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Jacobson, Peter D. Wasserman, Jeffrey Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement LAW / Civil Law bisacsh Recht Smoking Law and legislation United States Tobacco Law and legislation United States Nichtraucher (DE-588)4171778-8 gnd Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4171778-8 (DE-588)4048835-4 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement |
| title_auth | Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement |
| title_exact_search | Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement |
| title_full | Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement Peter D. Jacobson ; Jeffrey Wasserman |
| title_fullStr | Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement Peter D. Jacobson ; Jeffrey Wasserman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement Peter D. Jacobson ; Jeffrey Wasserman |
| title_short | Tobacco control laws |
| title_sort | tobacco control laws implementation and enforcement |
| title_sub | implementation and enforcement |
| topic | LAW / Civil Law bisacsh Recht Smoking Law and legislation United States Tobacco Law and legislation United States Nichtraucher (DE-588)4171778-8 gnd Rechtsschutz (DE-588)4048835-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | LAW / Civil Law Recht Smoking Law and legislation United States Tobacco Law and legislation United States Nichtraucher Rechtsschutz USA |
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