Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1997
|
| Schriftenreihe: | The psychiatric clinics of North America
20,4 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI S., S. 691 - 991 |
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| adam_text | t NEUROPSYCHIATRY OF THE BASAL GANGLIA
CONTENTS
Preface xv
Euripedes C. Miguel, Scott L. Rauch, James F. Leckman
Neuroanatomy of the Basal Ganglia 691
Luiz E. A. M. Mello and Joao Villares
This article deals with the neuroanatomic aspects of the basal
ganglia with regard to different neurotransmitter systems and to
different diseases. A general scheme of these circuits with the
overall distinction between limbic associative and motor compo¬
nents and circuits is presented.
Dopaminergic Systems: Dopamine Receptors 705
Joao Palermo Neto
This article describes Dl and D2 receptor subfamilies, their neu¬
roanatomic localizations and the possibility of their neuronal
colocalization and relation to other dopamine autoreceptors and
those coupled to G proteins as well as the actions of antipsychotic
drugs on Dl and D2 receptor subfamilies are also analyzed.
Serotonergic Systems 723
Frederico G. Graeff
Since its identification in neurons of the central nervous systems
(CNS), serotonin (5 HT) has been implicated in the pathophysiol
ogy of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression,
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), and
obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). These findings have stim¬
ulated research on brain 5 HT pathways, especially during the
last two decades as more selective drugs have been introduced
THE PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
VOLUME 20 • NUMBER 4 • DECEMBER 1997 ix
into medical practice. This article reviews selected topics relevant
for psychiatry.
Neuroimaging and Neuropsychology of the Striatum:
Bridging Basic Science and Clinical Practice 741
Scott L. Rauch and Cary R. Savage
Neuroimaging and neuropsychology are complementary disci¬
plines that provide powerful means for assessing the structure
and function of corticostriatal systems. Findings from four model
basal ganglia disorders—OCD, TS, HD, and PD—are reviewed.
This survey is intended as a vehicle for illustrating the breadth
of current clinical and research applications, as well as the poten¬
tial for future advances. The perspectives brought by neuroimag¬
ing and neuropsychology serve as a natural bridge from the basic
neuroscience to the clinical practice articles in this issue.
Parkinson s Disease 769
Egberto Reis Barbosa, Joao Carlos Papaterra Limongi, and
Jeffrey L. Cummings
Parkinson s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegen
erative diseases and affects 150 to 200 people per 100,000 popula¬
tion. Rapid advances have been made in the neurobiology of PD;
this disorder is now recognized as a model of dysfunction in
fronto striatal circuits expressed by motor and behavioral symp¬
toms. Several clinical and surgical strategies for the management
of PD are discussed.
Huntington s Disease 791
Monica Santoro Haddad and Jeffrey L. Cummings
Huntington s disease is a genetically inherited degenerative neu
ropsychiatric disorder, characterized by motor alterations, includ¬
ing involuntary movements such as chorea, dementia and psychi¬
atric disturbances. In this article, the authors review the clinical
features of the disease. They also analyze some genetic and patho
physiologic aspects, that can help to improve our understanding
of this disorder involving the basal ganglia.
Sydenham s Chorea 809
Maria Joaquina Marques Dias, Marcos Tomanik Mercadante,
Daniel Tucker, and Paul Lombroso
Sydenham s chorea (SC) is a disorder of the central nervous
system (CNS) characterized by sudden, involuntary, arrhythmic,
clonic, and purposeless movements. SC appears to provide a
model for understanding various neuropsychiatric dysfunctions.
Its relationship with attentional deficits, obsessive compulsive
X CONTENTS
symptoms (OCS) as well as movement disorders provides sup¬
port for the hypothesis of the involvement of the corticostriatal
loops in the pathophysiology of the disorder.
Dystonia and Dyskinesia 821
Francisco Cardoso and Joseph Jankovic
Dystonia is defined as a syndrome of sustained muscle contrac¬
tions, frequently causing twisting and repetitive movements, or
abnormal postures. Tardive dyskinesia (TD), estimated to occur
in 30% of patients treated with neuroleptics, encompasses a broad
spectrum of hyperkinesias associated with exposure to these
drugs. Dystonia is one of the most common expressions of tardive
dyskinesia. This article aims to provide an overview of classifica¬
tion, phenomenology, epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology,
neuropsychologic aspects, and treatment of these two conditions.
Tic Disorders 839
James F. Leckman, Bradley S. Peterson, David L. Pauls, and
Donald J. Cohen
The picture that emerges is one of complex behavioral pheno
types that alter over the course of CNS development. While many
cases are mild and may not come to medical attention, others are
chronic and disabling. The aim of this article is to provide an
overview of recent progress in understanding phenomenology,
epidemiology, genetics, neurobiology, and treatment of tic disor¬
ders.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 863
Euripedes C. Miguel, Scott L. Rauch, and Michael A. Jenike
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), the fourth most common
psychiatric disorder, is a chronic and heterogeneous condition
characterized by sudden, recurrent upsetting cognitions that in¬
trude into consciousness (obsessions), and rule governed acts that
the person feels driven to perform (compulsions).
Major Depression and the Basal Ganglia 885
Beny Lafer, Perry F. Renshaw, and Gary S. Sachs
In the last decade, major changes in our understanding of basal
ganglia functions have occurred. Traditionally the basal ganglia
were considered to be involved only in the modulation of move¬
ment. Recent research has suggested that the basal ganglia also
take part in complex fronto subcortical networks that have an
important role in cognition, reward, and mood regulation. The
authors review recent findings that implicate basal ganglia abnor¬
malities in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and discuss
CONTENTS xi
J
their potential implications for future developments in the phar
macotherapy of depressive disorder.
Schizophrenia, Psychosis, and the Basal Ganglia 897
Geraldo F. Busatto and Robert W. Kerwin
Schizophrenia is one of the most common and perhaps the most
disabling of mental disorders, for which effective forms of treat¬
ment have not yet been established definitively. The findings
reviewed in this article strongly suggest that basal ganglia abnor¬
malities are involved in the pathophysiology of psychotic syn¬
dromes in general, and schizophrenia in particular.
Neuropsychology of Subcortical Dementias 911
Cary R. Savage
Subcortical dementias are a heterogeneous group of disorders
that share primary pathology in subcortical structures and a
characteristic pattern of neuropsychological impairment. This ar¬
ticle describes the neurobiological and cognitive features of three
prototypical subcortical dementias, Parkinson s disease, Hun
tington s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy, concentrat¬
ing of traits shared by disorders. Clinical features are also dis¬
cussed, especially those which differentiate subcortical dementias
from cortical dementias, such as Alzheimer s disease. The cortical
subcortical nomenclature has been criticized over the years, but
it continues to provide an effective means of classifying dementia
profiles in clinically and theoretically useful ways.
Neurosurgical Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Illness 933
Raul Marino, Jr and G. Rees Cosgrove
Neurosurgical treatment of neuropsychiatric illness has evolved
considerably since its inception in 1935. The most common psy¬
chiatric indications for the procedure, including obsessive com¬
pulsive disorder and major depression, are conceptualized as
disorders involving the basal ganglia and limbic system. In this
article, the various operations and their contemporary applica¬
tions are discussed. Neurosurgical treatment represents a viable
option in appropriate candidates suffering from severe and other¬
wise treatment refractory neuropsychiatric diseases.
Current Controversies and Future Directions in Basal
Ganglia Research: Integrating Basic Neuroscience and
Clinical Investigation 945
Norberto Garcia Cairasco, Euripedes C. Miguel,
Scott L. Rauch, and James F. Leckman
This article discusses current controversies and future directions
in basal ganglia research, detailing behavioral aspects, anatomic
Xii CONTENTS
models, neurochemistry, pharmacology, and diagnostic methods
as well as surgical techniques. A neuroethologic perspective is
highlighted. Furthermore, the relevant literature pertaining to
contemporary molecular approaches such as brain microinjec
tions of embryonic or genetically modified cells, for therapeutic
purposes and the use of transgenic and knockout animals.
Cumulative Index 1997 963
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CONTENTS X111
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| spelling | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia Euripedes C. Miguel, ... guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1997 XVI S., S. 691 - 991 txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The psychiatric clinics of North America 20,4 Neuropsychiatrie gtt Basal Ganglia Diseases Congresses Basal Ganglia anatomy & histology Congresses Basal ganglia Basal ganglia Diseases Neurologic Manifestations Congresses Psychische Störung (DE-588)4047686-8 gnd rswk-swf Basalganglienkrankheit (DE-588)4234710-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift gnd-content Basalganglienkrankheit (DE-588)4234710-5 s Psychische Störung (DE-588)4047686-8 s DE-604 Miguel, Euripedes C. Sonstige oth The psychiatric clinics of North America 20,4 (DE-604)BV000003374 20,4 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007933831&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia The psychiatric clinics of North America Neuropsychiatrie gtt Basal Ganglia Diseases Congresses Basal Ganglia anatomy & histology Congresses Basal ganglia Basal ganglia Diseases Neurologic Manifestations Congresses Psychische Störung (DE-588)4047686-8 gnd Basalganglienkrankheit (DE-588)4234710-5 gnd |
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| title | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia |
| title_auth | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia |
| title_exact_search | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia |
| title_full | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia Euripedes C. Miguel, ... guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia Euripedes C. Miguel, ... guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia Euripedes C. Miguel, ... guest ed. |
| title_short | Neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia |
| title_sort | neuropsychiatry of the basal ganglia |
| topic | Neuropsychiatrie gtt Basal Ganglia Diseases Congresses Basal Ganglia anatomy & histology Congresses Basal ganglia Basal ganglia Diseases Neurologic Manifestations Congresses Psychische Störung (DE-588)4047686-8 gnd Basalganglienkrankheit (DE-588)4234710-5 gnd |
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