Aphid ecology: an optimization approach
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Chapman & Hall
1998
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VIII, 300 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0412741806 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Aphid ecology |b an optimization approach |c A. F. G. Dixon |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Aphididés - Écologie | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Bladluizen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Ecologie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pucerons | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ökologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Aphids |x Ecology | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804126274204991488 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Aphid Ecology
An optimization approach
Second edition
AFG Dixon
School of Biological Sciences,
University of East Anglia
CHAPMAN amp; HALL
London • Weinheim • New York • Tokyo • Melbourne • Madras
Contents
Preface ix
1 Introduction 1
1 1 Distinguishing features of aphids 1
1 2 Origin of aphids 2
1 3 Host plant associations 4
1 4 Classification 6
1 5 Distribution 6
2 Feeding behaviour and food quality 8
2 1 Feeding behaviour 8
2 2 Food quality 13
221 Osmoregulation 14
2 3 Nitrogen metabolism 15
231 Feeding rate and assimilation 16
2 4 Symbionts 17
241 Role in upgrading food quality 19
242 Recycling of nitrogen 23
243 Nitrogen economy 23
244 Presence in male and soldier aphids 25
3 Host specificity and speciation 27
3 1 Proximate factors in host selection 28
311 Host location 28
312 Host recognition 29
313 Morphological characteristics 30
314 Chemical characteristics 32
3 2 Food quality 38
321 Variation in space 38
322 Variation in time 43
3 3 Evolution of host specificity 45
331 Host plant utilization hypothesis 46
332 Optimal host range hypothesis 47
333 Rendezvous host hypothesis 50
3 4 Speciation 52
vi CONTENTS
Size
Size within a species
Optimum body size
Species size diversity
Geometrical similarity
441 Intraspecific relationships
442 Interspecific relationships
Size of migrants
Reproduction
Resource tracking: mechanism - cyclical parthenogenesis
Telescoping of generations
Intra-clonal variation
Adaptability of aphid clones
Genetic structure
Sex
Why reproduce sexually?
Timing of sex
Sex ratios
Mate guarding
Why lay eggs?
Resource tracking: mechanism - polyphenism
Defence
Dispersal
621 What constitutes a crowd?
622 Host quality
623 Day length
624 Maternal control
625 Multiplicity of cues
Reproduction
Parthenogenetic reproduction
Sexual reproduction
651 Extrinsic factors
652 Maternal control
653 Aphid clocks
Aestivation and hibernation
Ecological patterns
671 Defence by soldiers
672 Dispersal
673 Macroptery
Resource tracking in time
Host alternation
CONTENTS Vll
7 2 The historical debate 129
721 Acquisition of primary hosts 135
722 Secondary autoecy and the maladaptive
nature of heteroecy 137
723 Broader host plant range of summer morphs 138
724 Evolutionary infidelity of summer morphs 139
725 Two-year life cycles 140
726 Alternation between host taxa that are not
complementary in growth or architecture 142
727 Rarity of host alternation 142
728 Fundatrix specialization 143
729 Nutritional quality of the secondary host plant 146
7 2 10 The progressional acquisition of more recently
evolved taxa 146
7 3 Experimental evidence 147
7 4 Autoecious way of life 151
741 Food quality 151
742 Temporal changes in environmental quality 153
743 Resource partitioning 159
744 Natural enemies 159
745 Resource tracking 160
7 5 Generation-specific strategies 161
7 6 Habitat predictability and tactical diversity 164
7 7 Response to habitat quality 167
8 Resource tracking in space 171
8 1 Mechanisms 171
811 Take-off 171
812 Settling 175
813 Migratory urge 175
814 Differential migration 177
8 2 Timing 179
821 Daily patterns 179
822 Seasonal patterns 181
8 3 Distance travelled 182
8 4 Adaptive significance 186
9 Population dynamics 189
9 1 Dynamics of aerial populations 189
9 2 Intensive studies 192
9 3 Patterns 192
9 4 Processes 195
9 5 Natural enemies 200
viii CONTENTS
9 6 Intraspecific differences in abundance 204
• 9 7 Interspecific differences in abundance 206
9 8 Abundance and global warming 207
9 9 Forecasting of pest aphid outbreaks 209
991 Green spruce aphid 209
992 Cereal aphids 210
993 Green peach aphid and sugar beet yellows 212
994 Black bean aphid 213
9 10 Spatial dynamics 215
10 Community structure and species diversity 221
10 1 Mutualism between plants and aphids 221
10 2 Aphids and plant growth 222
10 3 Aphids and the seeding of plants 225
10 4 Ants and plant fitness 226
10 5 Mutualism between aphids and ants 228
10 6 Endophyte-enhanced plant resistance to aphids 232
10 7 Energy and nutrient flow 232
10 8 Competition 233
10 9 Species diversity and plant architectural complexity 236
10 10 Size diversity 237
10 11 Distribution, abundance and variability 239
10 12 Rarity 245
10 13 Why are there so few species of aphids,
especially in the tropics? 246
11 Epilogue 251
References 253
Index 287
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:14:51Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0412741806 |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 1998 |
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| spelling | Dixon, Anthony F. G. Verfasser aut Aphid ecology an optimization approach A. F. G. Dixon 2. ed. London [u.a.] Chapman & Hall 1998 VIII, 300 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Aphididés - Écologie Bladluizen gtt Ecologie gtt Pucerons Ökologie Aphids Ecology Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd rswk-swf Röhrenläuse (DE-588)4178281-1 gnd rswk-swf Blattläuse (DE-588)4145851-5 gnd rswk-swf Blattläuse (DE-588)4145851-5 s Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 s DE-604 Röhrenläuse (DE-588)4178281-1 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007914913&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Dixon, Anthony F. G. Aphid ecology an optimization approach Aphididés - Écologie Bladluizen gtt Ecologie gtt Pucerons Ökologie Aphids Ecology Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd Röhrenläuse (DE-588)4178281-1 gnd Blattläuse (DE-588)4145851-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043207-5 (DE-588)4178281-1 (DE-588)4145851-5 |
| title | Aphid ecology an optimization approach |
| title_auth | Aphid ecology an optimization approach |
| title_exact_search | Aphid ecology an optimization approach |
| title_full | Aphid ecology an optimization approach A. F. G. Dixon |
| title_fullStr | Aphid ecology an optimization approach A. F. G. Dixon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aphid ecology an optimization approach A. F. G. Dixon |
| title_short | Aphid ecology |
| title_sort | aphid ecology an optimization approach |
| title_sub | an optimization approach |
| topic | Aphididés - Écologie Bladluizen gtt Ecologie gtt Pucerons Ökologie Aphids Ecology Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd Röhrenläuse (DE-588)4178281-1 gnd Blattläuse (DE-588)4145851-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Aphididés - Écologie Bladluizen Ecologie Pucerons Ökologie Aphids Ecology Röhrenläuse Blattläuse |
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