Ecology in agriculture:
Agricultural crops are prominent features of an increasing number of variously perturbed ecosystems and the landscapes occupied by these ecosystems. Yet the ecology of agriculturally dominated landscapes has, until now, received limited scientific attention. Including contributions from leading rese...
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
San Diego [u.a.]
Acad. Press
1997
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Physiological ecology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Agricultural crops are prominent features of an increasing number of variously perturbed ecosystems and the landscapes occupied by these ecosystems. Yet the ecology of agriculturally dominated landscapes has, until now, received limited scientific attention. Including contributions from leading researchers. Ecology in Agriculture focuses on the practical application of ecological principles in agriculture. The book clearly establishes the unique ties between agricultural and ecological sciences and details the ecophysiological processes that regulate productivity and resource use by crops. It also describes the community ecology of these sorts of ecosystems and the processes that operate throughout these agricultural landscapes. Anyone interested in the relationship between ecology and agriculture, including agronomists, plant scientists, foresters, and those in related agricultural disciplines, should find this volume useful. |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 474 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0123782600 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Ecology in agriculture |c ed. by Louise E. Jackson |
| 264 | 1 | |a San Diego [u.a.] |b Acad. Press |c 1997 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 474 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 520 | 3 | |a Agricultural crops are prominent features of an increasing number of variously perturbed ecosystems and the landscapes occupied by these ecosystems. Yet the ecology of agriculturally dominated landscapes has, until now, received limited scientific attention. Including contributions from leading researchers. Ecology in Agriculture focuses on the practical application of ecological principles in agriculture. The book clearly establishes the unique ties between agricultural and ecological sciences and details the ecophysiological processes that regulate productivity and resource use by crops. It also describes the community ecology of these sorts of ecosystems and the processes that operate throughout these agricultural landscapes. Anyone interested in the relationship between ecology and agriculture, including agronomists, plant scientists, foresters, and those in related agricultural disciplines, should find this volume useful. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804126220871270400 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Ecology in agriculture
Autor: Jackson, Louise E.
Jahr: 1997
Contents
Contributors ix
Preface xi
Parti
Plant Responses to the Environment
1. The Ecophysiology of Crops and Their Wild Relatives
Louise E. Jackson and George W. Koch
I. Introduction 3
II. Domestication 4
III. Environmental Considerations and Agricultural
Selection Strategies 8
IV. Comparison of Crops and Their Wild Relatives 12
V. Potential Contribution of Wild Germplasm to
Crop Ecophysiology 27
VI. Concluding Remarks 31
References 32
2. Photosynthesis, Growth Rate, and Biomass Allocation
Vincent P. Gutschick
I. Introduction 39
II. Basic Concepts 40
III. Some Detailed Adaptive Responses of Photosynthesis 49
IV. Use of Photosynthate and Adaptive Patterns Therein 62
V. Synthesis and Conclusions 68
VI. Appendix: Correspondence of Variables with Those of Condon
and Hall 70
References 71
3. Adaptation to Diverse Environments: Variation in Water-Use
Efficiency within Crop Species
A. G Condon and A. E. Hall
I. Introduction 79
II. Mechanisms of Genotypic Variation in Water-Use Efficiency 81
III- Theoretical Associations between Leaf Gas-Exchange Efficiency
and Adaptation 88
VI Contents
IV. Empirical Observations 91
V. Critical Research Needs and Conclusions 109
References 111
4. Productivity in Water-Limited Environments:
Dryland Agricultural Systems
C. Gimenez, F. Orgaz, and E. Fereres
I. Introduction 117
II. Characterization of Water-Limited Environments 119
III. Water Use and Water-Use Efficiency 122
IV. Carbon Partitioning to Harvestable Yield 127
V. Integration of Responses in Dryland Agricultural Systems 134
VI. Conclusions 137
References 137
5. Nitrogen as a Limiting Factor: Crop Acquisition of Ammonium
and Nitrate
Arnold J. Bloom
I. Importance of Nitrogen Acquisition 145
II. Physiology of Root Ammonium Acquisition 146
III. Physiology of Root Nitrate Acquisition 153
IV. Plant Growth as a Function of Ammonium or Nitrate 158
References 164
6. Trade-offs in Root Form and Function
David M. Eissenstat
I. Introduction 173
II. Citrus as a Model System 174
III. Optimizing Carbon Expenditure on Roots 175
IV. Parallels between Roots and Leaves 177
V. Specific Root Length, Root Diameter, and Tissue Density 178
VI. Exploiting Soil Heterogeneity 180
VII. Root Architecture 183
Mil. Root Hydraulic Conductivity 186
IX. Root Herbivory and Root Defense 189
X. Mycorrhizae 190
XI. Root Life Span 193
XII. Summary and Conclusions 194
References 195
Part II
Biotic Interactions and Processes
7. The Use of Biodiversity to Restrict Plant Diseases and Some
Consequences for Farmers and Society
Maria R. Finckh and Martin S. Wolfe
I. Introduction 203
Contents VII
II. The Pathologist s View 204
III. The Breeder 218
IV. The Farmer 223
V. The Agronomist/Adviser 223
VI. The Consumer 225
VII. Politicians and Economists 227
VIII. Society at Large and Future Perspectives 228
References 229
8. Plant-Arthropod Interactions in Agroecosystems
D. K. Letourneau
I. Introduction: Crops as Resources 239
II. Ecological Consequences of Economically Driven Decisions:
The Grower s Perspective 240
III. Exploitation Strategies: The Herbivore s Perspective 241
IV. Ecological and Evolutionary Antiherbivore Strategies:
The Plant s Perspective 243
V. Crop Protection: An Ecological Perspective 271
References 276
9. Many Little Hammers: Ecological Approaches for Management
of Crop-Weed Interactions
Matt Liebman and Eric R. Gallandt
I. Introduction 291
II. Information and Approaches 293
III. Basic Principles Guiding Weed Management Strategies 296
IV. Managing Crop-Weed Interactions 307
V. Many Little Hammers 325
VI. Summary and Conclusions 329
References 330
Part III
Ecosystem Processes
10. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Row-Crop Agriculture:
Crop Nitrogen Use and Soil Nitrogen Loss
G. Philip Robertson
I. Introduction 347
II. Crop Nitrogen Demand 351
III. Matching Nitrogen Availability to Demand 353
IV. Major Pathways of Nitrogen Loss from Cropping Systems 358
V. Management to Maximize Nitrogen Use in
Row-Crop Ecosystems 361
References 362
VÜi Contents
11. Soil Microbial Communities and Carbon Flow
in Agroecosystems
Kate M. Scow
I. Introduction 367
II. Carbon Flow at the Cellular Level 369
III. Carbon Flow: Populations and Communities 377
IV. Carbon Flow at the Soil Level 382
V. Quantitative Descriptions of Carbon Flow in Soil 393
VI. Comparison of Agricultural to Other Ecosystems 396
VII. Impacts of Soil Carbon-Microbial Interactions
on Agroecosystems 397
VIII. Conclusion 402
References 403
12. Effects of Global Change on Agricultural Land Use: Scaling Up
from Physiological Processes to Ecosystem Dynamics
Rik Leemans
I. Introduction 415
II. Global Modeling of Ecosystem and Crop Patterns 418
III. Feedbacks in the Earth s System 433
IV. Integrated Modeling of Global Environmental Change 436
V. Concluding Remarks 445
VI. Summary 446
VII. Appendix: Direct Effects of Increased CO2 Concentrations on
Plant Growth 447
References 448
Index 453
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Ecology in agriculture ed. by Louise E. Jackson San Diego [u.a.] Acad. Press 1997 XII, 474 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Physiological ecology Agricultural crops are prominent features of an increasing number of variously perturbed ecosystems and the landscapes occupied by these ecosystems. Yet the ecology of agriculturally dominated landscapes has, until now, received limited scientific attention. Including contributions from leading researchers. Ecology in Agriculture focuses on the practical application of ecological principles in agriculture. The book clearly establishes the unique ties between agricultural and ecological sciences and details the ecophysiological processes that regulate productivity and resource use by crops. It also describes the community ecology of these sorts of ecosystems and the processes that operate throughout these agricultural landscapes. Anyone interested in the relationship between ecology and agriculture, including agronomists, plant scientists, foresters, and those in related agricultural disciplines, should find this volume useful. Écologie agricole Écologie agricole ram Agricultural ecology Agrarökologie (DE-588)4000769-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Agrarökologie (DE-588)4000769-8 s DE-604 Jackson, Louise E. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007878150&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ecology in agriculture Écologie agricole Écologie agricole ram Agricultural ecology Agrarökologie (DE-588)4000769-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4000769-8 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Ecology in agriculture |
| title_auth | Ecology in agriculture |
| title_exact_search | Ecology in agriculture |
| title_full | Ecology in agriculture ed. by Louise E. Jackson |
| title_fullStr | Ecology in agriculture ed. by Louise E. Jackson |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecology in agriculture ed. by Louise E. Jackson |
| title_short | Ecology in agriculture |
| title_sort | ecology in agriculture |
| topic | Écologie agricole Écologie agricole ram Agricultural ecology Agrarökologie (DE-588)4000769-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Écologie agricole Agricultural ecology Agrarökologie Aufsatzsammlung |
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