Occupational ergonomics: principles and applications
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Chapman & Hall
1997
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Manufacturing systems engineering series
3 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 452 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0412586509 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Occupational ergonomics |b principles and applications |c F. Tayyari and J. L. Smith |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London [u.a.] |b Chapman & Hall |c 1997 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 452 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Manufacturing systems engineering series |v 3 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Arbeidsorganisatie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ergonomie | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Ergonomie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Hygiène industrielle | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sécurité du travail | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human engineering | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Industrial hygiene | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Industrial safety | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Ergonomie |0 (DE-588)4015249-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Smith, James L. |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1318449871 |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804126017038581760 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1 An introduction to ergonomics 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Contributing disciplines 2
1.3 Objectives of ergonomics 3
1.4 Occupational ergonomics 4
1.5 Workplace stress factors 4
1.6 Occupational factors affecting the worker 5
1.7 Workplace hazards 6
1.8 Results of ergonomics applications 7
1.9 Basic terminology 7
1.10 Applications and discussion 10
Review questions 11
References 12
2 Skeletal system 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 The skeletal system 13
2.3 Joint movements 17
2.4 The back structure 18
2.5 The hand structure 22
2.6 Applications and discussion 22
Review questions 23
References 23
3 Muscular system and work 24
3.1 Introduction 24
3.2 Chemical reactions during muscular contractions 25
3.3 Muscle fiber stimulation 27
3.4 Functional characteristics of muscle tissues 29
3.5 Muscle contraction 29
3.6 Skeletal muscles and their functions 32
viii Contents
3.7 Musculoskeletal system as a lever system 34
3.8 Guidelines for muscle use 37
3.9 Applications and discussion 38
Review questions 38
References 40
4 Engineering anthropometry 41
4.1 Introduction 41
4.2 Basic ergonomic design philosophies 42
4.3 Statistical basis of anthropometry 42
4.4 Anthropometric data 45
4.5 Body surface area 55
4.6 Body segments 56
4.7 Use of anthropometric data in design 57
4.8 Applications and discussion 60
Review questions 61
References 62
5 Biomechanical bases of ergonomics 64
5.1 Introduction 64
5.2 Definitions and basic mechanics 64
5.3 Newton s laws of motion 69
5.4 Biomechanical analysis and models 70
5.5 Muscular strength 82
5.6 Applications and discussion 85
Review questions 86
References 91
6 Work physiology 93
6.1 Introduction 93
6.2 Physiological responses 93
6.3 Energy and energy sources of the body 94
6.4 Categories of work 96
6.5 Respiration 97
6.6 The circulatory system 99
6.7 Metabolism 101
6.8 Physical work capacity 108
6.9 Fatigue and its evaluation 115
6.10 Classification of workload 117
6.11 Endurance in physical work 117
6.12 Work rest scheduling 118
6.13 Applications and discussion 120
Review questions 122
References 124
Contents ix
7 Workstation design 127
7.1 Introduction 127
7.2 Workplace and work space 127
7.3 Workplace design problems 128
7.4 General principles for workstation design 130
7.5 Ergonomics principles for workplace design 131
7.6 Using anthropometric data in workstation design 133
7.7 Recommendations for seated workstations 135
7.8 Ergonomic guidelines for standing tasks 144
7.9 Some critical problems and easy solutions 149
7.10 Applications and discussion 150
Review questions 151
References 153
8 Cumulative trauma disorders 154
8.1 Introduction 154
8.2 Musculoskeletal disorders 155
8.3 The back and back problems 158
8.4 The neck and neck problems 163
8.5 CTDs in the upper extremities 164
8.6 Fundamental risk factors of CTDs 173
8.7 Prevention of CTDs 176
8.8 Treatment of CTDs 185
8.9 Applications and discussion 185
Review questions 186
References 188
9 Manual materials handling 191
9.1 Introduction 191
9.2 Manual lifting task evaluation 192
9.3 Original versus new lifting guide 206
9.4 Other MMH activities: pushing and pulling 208
9.5 Back injury preventive techniques 210
9.6 Applications and discussion 212
Review questions 212
References 214
10 Work tool design 216
10.1 Introduction 216
10.2 Grip strength and endurance 217
10.3 Types of work tools 218
10.4 New development in tool handle design 219
10.5 Ergonomics guidelines for hand tool design 220
10.6 Safety guidelines for tool use 227
x Contents
10.7 Applications and discussion 228
Review questions 229
References 231
11 Human machine systems 233
11.1 Introduction 233
11.2 The workplace characteristics 234
11.3 The worker s functions 235
11.4 Ergonomics of human machine systems 235
11.5 Human machine system analysis and design 236
11.6 Controls and displays 241
11.7 Guidelines for designing displays and controls 243
11.8 Applications and discussion 253
Review questions 254
References 257
12 Thermal environments 258
12.1 Introduction 258
12.2 Heat stress terminology 259
12.3 Physiological responses and heat exchange 261
12.4 Heat disorders 263
12.5 Heat stress indices 264
12.6 Assessment of heat stress exposure limits 265
12.7 Factors affecting heat stress and strain 267
12.8 Personal characteristics affecting heat strain 268
12.9 Protection against heat stress 272
12.10 Cold stress and injuries 274
12.11 Monitoring cold stress 275
12.12 Protection against cold stress 278
12.13 Applications and dicussion 279
Review questions 280
References 282
13 Light and vision 284
13.1 Introduction 284
13.2 Electromagnetic spectrum 284
13.3 Light and its physical characteristics 286
13.4 Light control 287
13.5 Photometry and lighting terminology 291
13.6 Lighting surveys 296
13.7 The visual apparatus 298
13.8 Visual ability 300
13.9 Quantity of illumination 303
13.10 Glare 305
13.11 Visual problems 306
Contents xi
13.12 Illumination guidelines 306
13.13 Applications and discussion 311
Review questions 311
References 313
14 Occupational noise environment 315
14.1 Introduction 315
14.2 Basic sound terminology 315
14.3 Relationship between sound intensity and pressure 317
14.4 Relationship between sound intensity and power 318
14.5 Hearing phenomenon 320
14.6 Combination of noise sources 323
14.7 Noise exposure standards 324
14.8 Noise survey 328
14.9 Effects of noise 329
14.10 Noise control 330
14.11 Applications and discussion 332
Review questions 332
References 334
15 Occupational vibration 336
15.1 Introduction 336
15.2 Vibration terminology 336
15.3 Types of vibration with respect to its source 338
15.4 Types of vibration with respect to the human body 338
15.5 Assessment of vibration 340
15.6 Acceptable exposure limits to segmental vibration 343
15.7 Vibration control and prevention of vibration
white finger 344
15.8 Applications and discussion 345
Review questions 345
References 346
16 Shiftwork 348
16.1 Introduction 348
16.2 Shift work terminology and notations 348
16.3 Shift organization and patterns 351
16.4 A conventional format for shift pattern notation 352
16.5 Effects of shift work on workers 353
16.6 Comparison of the three shift schedules 359
16.7 Guidelines for shift work 360
16.8 Criteria for selection of shift workers 361
16.9 Alternative work schedules 362
16.10 Applications and discussion 364
Review questions 365
References 367
xii Contents
17 Of f ice ergonomics 369
17.1 Introduction 369
17.2 Postural and habitual problems 369
17.3 Health risks in offices 370
17.4 Office problems 372
17.5 Solutions to office health problems 374
17.6 Examples (workstation design for VDT users) 382
17.7 Workstation design for office work 384
17.8 Relief from work tension 385
17.9 Applications and discussion 387
Review questions 387
References 388
18 Ergonomics assessment of the workplace 390
18.1 Introduction 390
18.2 Ergonomics assessment approaches 391
18.3 Ergonomics assessment of the workplace design 392
18.4 Ergonomics worksite assessment 395
18.5 Injury investigation 403
18.6 Assessment of ergonomics efforts 403
18.7 Applications and discussion 405
Review questions 405
References 406
19 Implementation of ergonomics programs 407
19.1 Introduction 407
19.2 Managing an ergonomics program 407
19.3 Objectives of ergonomics programs 408
19.4 Components of an effective ergonomics program 409
19.5 Justification for an ergonomics program 415
19.6 Implementation obstacles 417
19.7 Applications and discussion 418
Review questions 419
References 419
Appendices
A Ergonomics related periodicals 421
B Units of measurement and conversion factors 425
C Standard normal distribution 434
D Guidelines for systematic workload estimation 435
E Relative humidity 441
Index 444
|
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| spelling | Tayyari, Fariborz Verfasser (DE-588)1158394950 aut Occupational ergonomics principles and applications F. Tayyari and J. L. Smith 1. ed. London [u.a.] Chapman & Hall 1997 XII, 452 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Manufacturing systems engineering series 3 Arbeidsorganisatie gtt Ergonomie Ergonomie gtt Hygiène industrielle Sécurité du travail Human engineering Industrial hygiene Industrial safety Ergonomie (DE-588)4015249-2 gnd rswk-swf Ergonomie (DE-588)4015249-2 s DE-604 Smith, James L. Verfasser (DE-588)1318449871 aut Manufacturing systems engineering series 3 (DE-604)BV011496482 3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007736711&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Tayyari, Fariborz Smith, James L. Occupational ergonomics principles and applications Manufacturing systems engineering series Arbeidsorganisatie gtt Ergonomie Ergonomie gtt Hygiène industrielle Sécurité du travail Human engineering Industrial hygiene Industrial safety Ergonomie (DE-588)4015249-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4015249-2 |
| title | Occupational ergonomics principles and applications |
| title_auth | Occupational ergonomics principles and applications |
| title_exact_search | Occupational ergonomics principles and applications |
| title_full | Occupational ergonomics principles and applications F. Tayyari and J. L. Smith |
| title_fullStr | Occupational ergonomics principles and applications F. Tayyari and J. L. Smith |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occupational ergonomics principles and applications F. Tayyari and J. L. Smith |
| title_short | Occupational ergonomics |
| title_sort | occupational ergonomics principles and applications |
| title_sub | principles and applications |
| topic | Arbeidsorganisatie gtt Ergonomie Ergonomie gtt Hygiène industrielle Sécurité du travail Human engineering Industrial hygiene Industrial safety Ergonomie (DE-588)4015249-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Arbeidsorganisatie Ergonomie Hygiène industrielle Sécurité du travail Human engineering Industrial hygiene Industrial safety |
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