Lithuania in crisis: nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Bloomington [u.a.]
Ind. Univ. Press
1972
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Indiana University international studies
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXI, 293 S. |
| ISBN: | 0253336007 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Lithuania in crisis |b nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 |c Leonas Sabaliūnas |
| 264 | 1 | |a Bloomington [u.a.] |b Ind. Univ. Press |c 1972 | |
| 300 | |a XXI, 293 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Indiana University international studies | |
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Smetona, Antanas, 1874-1944 |
| 650 | 7 | |a Litauen - Historia - 1939-40 |2 KBslagord | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nationalismus | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nationalism -- Lithuania | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Lithuania -- History -- 1918-1945 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804126013025681408 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Leonas Sabaliunas
a in Crisis
NATIONALISM TO COMMUNISM,
i939 — i94o
INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS
BLOOMINGTON / LONDON
CONTENTS
Foreword / xv
Preface / xix
PART ONE
Background: The Years Between the Wars
I DOMESTIC AFFAIRS 3
The Democratic Period 3
An Authoritarian Period 8
II FOREIGN AFFAIRS 10
Germany and Lithuania: Klaipeda Matter 11
Poland and Lithuania: The Vilnius Issue 13
The Russians and Lithuania 15
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania 17
A National Dilemma 19
PART TWO
The Polity: The Nationalists and Their Opponents
III THE TENETS OF MODERN LITHUANIAN NATIONALISM 25
National Unity and National Uniqueness 26
vu
Contents
The Assertion of Authority 30
The Organic State 32
The Lithuanian Nationalist Union 34
Educational Policies and Youth 35
Successes of the Nationalists 37
Nationalist Failures 38
IV THE CENTERS OF OPPOSITION 41
The Catholics 41
The Populists 43
The Social Democrats 45
The Army 45
V THE COMMUNIST UNDERGROUND 47
Communist Strategy and Tactics 47
Organization and Members 51
Subsidiary Organizations 57
Summary 61
PART THREE
The Economy: Problems and Tendencies
VI PROBLEMS ON THE LAND
Farm Productivity and Surplus Population
Agrarian Reforms
The Price Scissors in Agriculture
Shortage of Farm Labor
Social Stigma of Rural Labor
Conflicting Calls for Action
Government Remedies
III URBAN CONDITIONS
Increased Cost of Living
Housing Shortages
Unemployment, Public Works, and Relief
viii
6S
Contents
VIII THE COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT 92
The Cooperative Way 92
Membership in Cooperatives 93
Beggarly Means 95
Government, the Camel in the Tent 96
Internal Failures of Cooperatives 97
Cooperative Propaganda 97
IX THE GREAT DEBATE 99
Problems with Classical Economic Liberalism 99
Movement Toward a Planned Economy 100
The Flax Debate 103
Increasing Emphasis on Cooperative Action 104
Stronger Government Sanctions 106
Council of National Economy 107
An Economic General Staff 107
PART FOUR
German Seizure of Klaipeda: A Nation s Response
X AUTHORITARIANISM IN RETREAT 113
Resolution to Resist 113
Economic Consequences of the Loss of Klaipeda 116
Demands for Coalition Government 117
The Lithuanian Patriotic Front 120
XI THE NEW DEAL 122
A Crack in the Wall 123
Public Rallies and Voices of Dissent 123
Censorship and Freedom of the Press 126
Velvet Glove and Iron Fist 128
XII THE NATION PREPARES FOR THE WORST 131
Fund Raising for Defense 131
The National Guard Grows 133
Increased Militarization and Indoctrination of Youth 134
Contents
XIII THE NATIONALIST COUNTERDRIVE 137
The Young Turks to the Defense 137
Conflict in the Ranks 139
Revival of Party Spirit 140
PART FIVE
Political Repercussions of the Outbreak of World War II
XIV THE DECISION TO REMAIN NEUTRAL 145
Prologue 145
Questioning a Policy of Neutrality 146
Vilnius between Scylla and Charybdis 147
Opposition to Armed Attack 148
XV ARRIVAL OF RUSSIAN TROOPS AND THE RETURN OF VILNIUS 151
Russia Moves West 151
From Optimism to Euphoria 153
A Shadow Falls 157
Land Reform in Vilnius 160
The Lithuanianization of Vilnius 161
XVI END OF JOINT ACTION 164
Trouble in Education 165
Quarrels over Social and Land Reforms 166
The Breakdown of Coalition Government 167
A Last Chance at Independent Government 168
The Dismissal of General Rastikis 169
Pressure on the Church 170
Local Election 171
Proposed New Law 172
Summary 173
PART SIX
The Intervention of the Soviet Union
XVII THE PRECIPITATE END 177
A Minor Incident 177
Contents
Uncertainty in Kaunas 179
The Beginnings of the Lithuanian Retreat 180
The Next Move Is Debated 181
Capitulation 182
XVIII COLLABORATION BY COMPULSION: THE ALLIANCE OF
THE LEFT 185
We Come to Bury Caesar 185
Genesis of People s Government 187
The Takeover Commences 192
Attempts to Lessen Anxieties 196
The Tightening Circle 197
Mock Coalition 200
Bandwagon Psychology 203
Some Scattered Opposition 205
A Not So Popular Mandate 206
The Door Closes 207
XIX CONCLUSION 210
Appendices / , 217
A Lithuanian Election Results 217
B Members of Lithuania s Nationalist and People s Govern-
ments 218
c Foreign Capital in Lithuania 220
D Chronology- 220
Note on Sources / 222
Bibliography / 225
Notes I 250
Index j 287
XI
|
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| geographic | Lithuania -- History -- 1918-1945 |
| geographic_facet | Lithuania -- History -- 1918-1945 |
| id | DE-604.BV011493094 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:10:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0253336007 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007733892 |
| oclc_num | 185657798 |
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| physical | XXI, 293 S. |
| publishDate | 1972 |
| publishDateSearch | 1972 |
| publishDateSort | 1972 |
| publisher | Ind. Univ. Press |
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| series2 | Indiana University international studies |
| spelling | Sabaliūnas, Leonas Verfasser aut Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 Leonas Sabaliūnas Bloomington [u.a.] Ind. Univ. Press 1972 XXI, 293 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Indiana University international studies Smetona, Antanas, 1874-1944 Litauen - Historia - 1939-40 KBslagord Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism -- Lithuania Lithuania -- History -- 1918-1945 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007733892&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sabaliūnas, Leonas Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 Smetona, Antanas, 1874-1944 Litauen - Historia - 1939-40 KBslagord Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism -- Lithuania |
| title | Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 |
| title_auth | Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 |
| title_exact_search | Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 |
| title_full | Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 Leonas Sabaliūnas |
| title_fullStr | Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 Leonas Sabaliūnas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 Leonas Sabaliūnas |
| title_short | Lithuania in crisis |
| title_sort | lithuania in crisis nationalism to communism 1939 1940 |
| title_sub | nationalism to communism, 1939 - 1940 |
| topic | Smetona, Antanas, 1874-1944 Litauen - Historia - 1939-40 KBslagord Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism -- Lithuania |
| topic_facet | Smetona, Antanas, 1874-1944 Litauen - Historia - 1939-40 Geschichte Nationalismus Nationalism -- Lithuania Lithuania -- History -- 1918-1945 |
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