Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boulder [u.a.]
Westview Press
1997
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Crime & society
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 244 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0813320135 0813320143 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Foreword, John Hagan ix
Preface xi
1 Introduction 1
The Historical Background, 4
The Ecological Distribution of Violent Crime, 9
2 Measuring Violent Crime: Trends and Social Distributions 12
Measuring Violent Crime: Some Caveats and Conclusions, 14
Estimating the Effects of SES and Ethnicity, 19
The Social Distribution of Violent Offenders, 25
3 Levels of Explanation of Violent Crime 37
Levels of Explanation as Risk Factors for Violent Behavior, 38
Modifying the Matrix: The Macro and Microsocial Levels
of Explanation, 39
Linking Levels of Explanation, 42
4 Community and Neighborhood Contexts of Violent Crime 49
Poverty, 50
Individual, Community, and Institutional Consequences
of Economic Change, 54
Conclusion, 74
5 The Role of Unsupervised Youth Groups in Violence 75
Historical and Comparative Perspectives, 75
Community Cultures and Collective Behavior Among Youth, 78
Defining Gangs as Unsupervised Youth Groups, 80
Street Gangs, Other Collectivities, and Violence, 91
Conclusion: Toward Explanation, 98
6 Levels of Explanation of Violent Behavior Committed in Groups 100
Accounting for the Increasing Prevalence of Street Gangs, 100
Socialization into Violence, 102
v
vi Contents
Gang Members Versus Nongang Youth: Participation in
Community Institutions, 118
Immigration, Race/Ethnicity, and the Ghetto Poor, 120
Social Capital, Crime, and Violence, 122
Conclusion, 125
7 Explaining Violent Crime: The Macro ocial Level of Explanation 127
Description, Prediction, and Theorizing About Violence, 127
Macrosocial Forces: Historical and Contemporary, 129
Conclusions Regarding Macro level Forces and Violence, 143
8 The Individual Level of Explanation:
Biobehavioral Influences and Control 144
Motivation(s) for Violence: Assumed or to Be Explained? 144
Evolutionary and Genetic Predispositions to Violence, 147
The Role of Alcohol and Other Drugs in Criminal Violence, 156
9 Explaining Violence: Learning, Personality, and Social Contexts
of Poverty, Race, and Ethnicity 161
Learning Theories, 161
Bringing Theories Together, 168
Does a Neurophysiological High Reinforce Violence? 169
Life Course Perspectives, 171
Extending the Theoretical Implications of Capital, 172
Families and Violence, 175
Control as Explanation Reconsidered, 177
Theoretical Criteria and the Search for the Causes of Violence, 178
10 Controlling Violent Crime 179
The Relevance of Knowledge for Controlling Violence
Versus the Control of Violent Individuals, 180
The Macrosocial Background, 182
Policy Options and Scientific Judgments, 183
What Works? 194
Family Support and Early Education, 198
Public Policy and Violence Prevention, 201
Violence Prevention and the Micro level of Explanation, 202
The Persisting Significance of Race (vWth Apologies to
William Julius Wilson), 202
Postscript, 204
Notes 205
References 210
About the Book and Author 236
Index 237
Tables and Figures
Tables
1.1 Interracial differences in U.S. homicide rates, 1860 1985 9
2.1 Offense and victimization rates for violent crimes,
United States, 1990 16
2.2 Summary of census trace level estimates of race and SES
effects on homicide mortality rates 22
2.3 Child homicide rates; victims under 15 years of age 22
2.4 Homicide mortality rates for children under age 19,
by race and SES 23
2.5 Percentage distributions of all persons arrested for violent crimes,
by ethnic status 27
3.1 Matrix for organization of risk factors for violent behavior 40
Figures
1.1 Age adjusted homicide rates, by sex and race, United States,
1900 1980 8
2.1 Crude homicide rates for selected countries 13
2.2 Homicide death rates, persons ages 15 24 years,
by race and gender 18
2.3 Cumulative homicide death rates in five year age intervals,
by race and gender 19
2.4 Homicide arrest rate of 14 17 year old males 20
2.5 Mean annual homicide rate, by race and poverty level
of victim s neighborhood 23
2.6 Intraracial domestic homicide rates, by race of victim and
by rates of household crowding in the victim s census tract
of residence 24
2.7 Arrest rates for murder and nonnegligent manslaughter 27
2.8 Arrest rates for forcible rape 28
2.9 Arrest rates for robbery 29
vii
viii Tables and Figures
2.10 Arrest rates for aggravated assault 30
2.11 Prevalence of serious violence in males 30
2.12 Prevalence of serious violence in females 31
2.13 Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter rate by city size 33
2.14 Forcible rape rate by city size 34
2.15 Robbery rate by city size 35
2.16 Aggravated assault rate by city size 36
8.1 From neurogenic impulsivity to tinderbox criminal violence—
a stepwise, mutually reinforcing progression 150
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:10:33Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0813320135 0813320143 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Short, James F. 1924-2018 Verfasser (DE-588)172373239 aut Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime James F. Short Boulder [u.a.] Westview Press 1997 XII, 244 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Crime & society Kriminalsoziologie (DE-588)4128665-0 gnd rswk-swf Gewaltkriminalität (DE-588)4157234-8 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Gewaltkriminalität (DE-588)4157234-8 s Kriminalsoziologie (DE-588)4128665-0 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007726809&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Short, James F. 1924-2018 Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime Kriminalsoziologie (DE-588)4128665-0 gnd Gewaltkriminalität (DE-588)4157234-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4128665-0 (DE-588)4157234-8 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime |
| title_auth | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime |
| title_exact_search | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime |
| title_full | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime James F. Short |
| title_fullStr | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime James F. Short |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime James F. Short |
| title_short | Poverty, ethnicity, and violent crime |
| title_sort | poverty ethnicity and violent crime |
| topic | Kriminalsoziologie (DE-588)4128665-0 gnd Gewaltkriminalität (DE-588)4157234-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kriminalsoziologie Gewaltkriminalität USA |
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