Universal service: competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system
Universal service is a focal point of telecommunications policy in the 1990s, not only in the United States, but in every other country that has begun to liberalize or deregulate its telecommunications industry. The new policy dialogue revolves around four questions. First, how much do the universal...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Mass. u.a.
MIT Press
1997
|
| Schriftenreihe: | AEI studies in telecommunications deregulation
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Universal service is a focal point of telecommunications policy in the 1990s, not only in the United States, but in every other country that has begun to liberalize or deregulate its telecommunications industry. The new policy dialogue revolves around four questions. First, how much do the universal service obligations of incumbent telephone companies cost? Second, how can those costs be financed in a competitive environment? Third, what kind of technical and pricing arrangements should be made to interconnect incumbent telephone companies with the new, competing networks? Finally, should the service bundle designated as "universal service" be redefined to take into account new technologies, and if so, how In the United States, debate over those issues reached a milestone when the U.S. Congress passed the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The new law is the first comprehensive revision of the Communications Act of 1934 and culminates twenty years of legislative struggle over how to adapt federal law to the new realities of telecommunications. In effect, the new law codifies the perceived wisdom about interconnection, competition, and universal service in telecommunications. Because one of the chief purposes of Milton Mueller's analysis is to mount a historically grounded challenge to that orthodoxy, the new law provides the perfect foil for a critique that links the historical and contemporary policy debates over universal service |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 213 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 026213327X |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Universal service is a focal point of telecommunications policy in the 1990s, not only in the United States, but in every other country that has begun to liberalize or deregulate its telecommunications industry. The new policy dialogue revolves around four questions. First, how much do the universal service obligations of incumbent telephone companies cost? Second, how can those costs be financed in a competitive environment? Third, what kind of technical and pricing arrangements should be made to interconnect incumbent telephone companies with the new, competing networks? Finally, should the service bundle designated as "universal service" be redefined to take into account new technologies, and if so, how | |
| 520 | |a In the United States, debate over those issues reached a milestone when the U.S. Congress passed the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The new law is the first comprehensive revision of the Communications Act of 1934 and culminates twenty years of legislative struggle over how to adapt federal law to the new realities of telecommunications. In effect, the new law codifies the perceived wisdom about interconnection, competition, and universal service in telecommunications. Because one of the chief purposes of Milton Mueller's analysis is to mount a historically grounded challenge to that orthodoxy, the new law provides the perfect foil for a critique that links the historical and contemporary policy debates over universal service | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804125968442327040 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword ix
Acknowledgments xi
About the Author xiii
1 Introduction 1
2
3
Universal Service: A Concept in Search of a History
A Theory of Access Competition II
Natural Monopoly Theory and the Telephone
Communications Access Networks as Radically
Heterogeneous 20
Access Competition 22
Access Competition and Appropriability 25
Demand-Side Economies of Scope 27
Interconnection of Competing Networks 30
Conclusion 32
12
Prologue: Telephone Development before
Competition 33
A Legacy of Suppression 34
Rate Wars 35
One System, One Policy 37
The Legal and Economic Rationales for Not Interconnecting
Competitors 43
Bell Policy toward Interconnection 44
Interconnection and Common Carrier Law 46
v
Contents
Independent Opposition to Interconnection 51
Access Competition as Property Rights Doctrine 51
The Dynamics of Access Competition 54
Phase I: Filling the Gaps, 1894-1898 55
Phase II: System Overlap, 1898-1907 60
Bell s Response to Competition 69
Dual Service: The Anatomy of Subscriber
Fragmentation 81
Dual Service at the Exchange Level 81
Dual Service at the Interexchange Level 86
Universal Service: Vail’s Answer to Dual Service 92
The Public Debate over Dual Service 93
Vail’s Doctrine of Universal Service 96
The Power of Interconnection, 1908-1913 104
The Development of Regional Independent Operating
Companies 105
Bell’s War on Independent Connectivity 107
Interconnection in Law and Public Policy 113
10
Saving Dual Service: The Kingsbury Commitment
The Kingsbury Commitment and Toll
Interconnection 130
The Ban on Acquisitions 133
129
11
The Subtle Politics and Economics of Unification,
1914-1921 136
Consolidation in Buffalo, New York 137
Consolidation in Southern California 140
Completing the Transition 143
12
The Legacy of Access Competition 146
The Geographic Scope of the Telephone Network by
1920 147
Telephone Penetration by 1920 148
Contents vii
The Reincarnation of Universal Service 150
The Second-Generation Universal Service
Concept 150
Universal Service and the Problem of Separating the
Rate Base 152
The Communications Act of 1934 156
Cross-Subsidies and Local Telephone Service 159
The Retroactive Redefinition of Universal Service 162
14
Universal Service in the 1990s 165
The Creation of a New Entitlement: Analysis of the New
Universal Service Legislation 166
Interconnection of Competing Networks 176
Why the First-Generation Universal Service Debate Is
Relevant Today 186
Integration Is a Policy Choice, Not a Law of
Nature 187
Integration Has Costs as Well as Benefits 188
History Never Repeats Itself 189
References 193
Case and Regulatory Proceeding Index 203
Name Index 205
Subject Index
|
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| spelling | Mueller, Milton L. Verfasser aut Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system Milton L. Mueller Cambridge, Mass. u.a. MIT Press 1997 XIII, 213 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier AEI studies in telecommunications deregulation Universal service is a focal point of telecommunications policy in the 1990s, not only in the United States, but in every other country that has begun to liberalize or deregulate its telecommunications industry. The new policy dialogue revolves around four questions. First, how much do the universal service obligations of incumbent telephone companies cost? Second, how can those costs be financed in a competitive environment? Third, what kind of technical and pricing arrangements should be made to interconnect incumbent telephone companies with the new, competing networks? Finally, should the service bundle designated as "universal service" be redefined to take into account new technologies, and if so, how In the United States, debate over those issues reached a milestone when the U.S. Congress passed the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The new law is the first comprehensive revision of the Communications Act of 1934 and culminates twenty years of legislative struggle over how to adapt federal law to the new realities of telecommunications. In effect, the new law codifies the perceived wisdom about interconnection, competition, and universal service in telecommunications. Because one of the chief purposes of Milton Mueller's analysis is to mount a historically grounded challenge to that orthodoxy, the new law provides the perfect foil for a critique that links the historical and contemporary policy debates over universal service Telecommunicatiesector gtt Telefonie gtt Telecommunication policy United States Case studies Telephone companies United States Case studies Telephone Deregulation United States Case studies Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 gnd rswk-swf Telefondienst (DE-588)4154080-3 gnd rswk-swf Telekommunikationspolitik (DE-588)4184654-0 gnd rswk-swf USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4522595-3 Fallstudiensammlung gnd-content USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Telefondienst (DE-588)4154080-3 s Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 s DE-604 Telekommunikationspolitik (DE-588)4184654-0 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007702193&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mueller, Milton L. Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system Telecommunicatiesector gtt Telefonie gtt Telecommunication policy United States Case studies Telephone companies United States Case studies Telephone Deregulation United States Case studies Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 gnd Telefondienst (DE-588)4154080-3 gnd Telekommunikationspolitik (DE-588)4184654-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4201191-7 (DE-588)4154080-3 (DE-588)4184654-0 (DE-588)4078704-7 (DE-588)4522595-3 |
| title | Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system |
| title_auth | Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system |
| title_exact_search | Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system |
| title_full | Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system Milton L. Mueller |
| title_fullStr | Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system Milton L. Mueller |
| title_full_unstemmed | Universal service competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system Milton L. Mueller |
| title_short | Universal service |
| title_sort | universal service competition interconnection and monopoly in the making of the american telephone system |
| title_sub | competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system |
| topic | Telecommunicatiesector gtt Telefonie gtt Telecommunication policy United States Case studies Telephone companies United States Case studies Telephone Deregulation United States Case studies Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 gnd Telefondienst (DE-588)4154080-3 gnd Telekommunikationspolitik (DE-588)4184654-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Telecommunicatiesector Telefonie Telecommunication policy United States Case studies Telephone companies United States Case studies Telephone Deregulation United States Case studies Deregulierung Telefondienst Telekommunikationspolitik USA Fallstudiensammlung |
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