The bionomics of grasshoppers, katydids and their kin:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxon
CAB Internat.
1997
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 529 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0851991416 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | The Bionomics of Grasshoppers,
Katydids and Their Kin
Edited by
S K Gangwere
Department of Biological Sciences
Wayne State University
Detroit Michigan, USA
M C Muralirangan
G S Gill Research Institute
Madras India
and
Meera Muralirangan
SDNB Vaishnav College for Women
Madras, India
CAB INTERNATIONAL
CONTENTS
Pages
Contributors xi
Part I: Introduction
1 Raison d Etre of Book 1
S K Gangwere M C Muralirangan and Meera Muralirangan
Introduction 1
Previous Literature 1
The Bionomics of Grasshoppers Katydids, and Their Kin 2
Acknowledgements 2
References 3
Part II: Systematics
2 Classification of the Orthoptera (sensu stricto) or Caelifera 5
Vernon R Vickery
A General Outline of Classification 6
Notes on Higher Taxa of Orthoptera (sensu stricto) 15
Discussion 2 7
References and Further Reading 28
3 Recent Developments in the Systematics of Tettigoniidae
and Gryllidae 41
David A Nickle and Piotr A Naskrecki
Introduction 41
Fossil Record 42
Classification 43
Family Tettigoniidae 44
Families Gryllidae and Gryllotalpidae 49
Contents
• Papers Involving Other Ensifera 51
Acknowledgements 52
References 52
Part III: Distribution
4 Fossil History and Phylogeny of Orthopteroid Insects 59
Sergey Yu Storozhenko
Introduction 59
The Earliest Stages of Evolution and the Bionomic Precondition of the
Origin of Orthopteroid Insects 59
Fossil History and Phylogeny 60
Acknowledgements 79
References 80
5 Rangeland Grasshopper Ecology 83
Jeffrey A Lockwood
Introduction 83
The Necessary Evil of Simplification 83
Exploring Space in a Multidimensional World 86
Exploring Time in a Multidimensional World 89
Exploring Complexity in a Multidimensional World 90
Exploring Clarity in a Multidimensional World 92
What is an Outbreak? 93
Summary 95
Acknowledgements 97
References 9 7
6 Grasshopper Population Dynamics: A Prairie Perspective 103
Jeffrey A Lockwood
Introduction 103
Mechanistic Analyses of Population Change 104
A Selected History of Dynamic Processes 108
Conflicting Views of Dynamic Processes 108
A World Without Equilibrium 112
Summary and Lessons 121
Acknowledgements 123
References 123
7 Ecogeographical Distribution of Orthoptera 129
Michael G Sergeev
Introduction 129
Species Range Distribution 129
Ecology or History? 130
The Ecological Geomorphological and Tectonic Factors Behind
Range Boundaries 130
Species Ranges and Centres of Biological Diversity 131
Contents vii
Metapopulation Distribution 132
Inner Structure of Species Range 132
Regional and Local Parts of Species Metapopulations 134
Problems of Species Coexistence 134
Community Distribution 135
Zonal Distribution 136
Three-Dimensional Patterns of Community Distribution 140
Conclusions 141
Acknowledgements 141
References 141
8 Orthoptera and Landscape Change 147
Michael J Samways and Michael G Sergeev
Introduction 147
Principles of Landscape Ecology 148
Orthopteran Biology Relative to Landscape Ecology 151
Summary 158
Acknowledgements 159
References 159
Part IV: Habits and Behaviour
9 Feeding Behaviour and Host Selection Strategies in Acridids 163
M C Muralirangan Meera Muralirangan and Pratim Dhang Partho
Introduction 163
Feeding Behaviour: Analysis as Determined by Status 164
Physiological Status 168
Nutritional Status 171
Learning Physiology and Its Influence on Feeding 172
Structural Status 173
Ecological Status 173
Evolutionary Status 175
Conclusions 176
Acknowledgements 177
References 177
10 Polyphagy in the Acridomorpha 183
Reginald F Chapman and G A Sword
Introduction 183
Assessing Diet Breadth 183
Polyphagy in Different Taxa 184
Diet Breadth 187
Polyphagy at the Individual Level 187
The Significance of Polyphagy 189
Behavioural Basis of Polyphagy 190
Sensory Basis of Polyphagy 191
Conclusions 192
References 192
viii Contents
11 Acoustic Communication in Orthoptera 197
Michael D Greenfield
Introduction 197
Sound Perception 198
Sound Production 204
Sexual Selection and Song 209
Evolutionary Change in Acoustic Communication 220
Acknowledgements 222
References 222
12 Grasshopper Oviposition 231
Timothy W Stauffer and Douglas W Whitman
Reproductive Morphology 231
Reproductive Physiology 233
Oviposition Behaviour 240
Oviposition Substrate 243
Site Selection 248
Factors that Influence Reproduction 257
Life History Ecology 262
Phenotypic Plasticity 265
Acknowledgements 267
References 267
13 Evolution of Mating in Crickets, Katydids and Wetas (Ensifera) 281
William D Brown and Darryl T Gwynne
Mating in Ancestral Ensifera 281
Variations in Mating Behaviour 285
Conclusions 306
Acknowledgements 306
References 307
Part V: Physiology and Genetics
14 Endocrine Factors and Female-Male Coadaptations
in Reproductive Diapause-Related Strategies of Acridoid Insects 315
M P Pener
Introduction 315
Endocrine Control of Reproduction 316
Reproductive Diapause 322
Female-Male Coadaptations in Relation to Reproductive Diapause 324
Some Remarks as an Epilogue 329
References 329
15 Molecular Evolutionary Genetics in Orthopteroid Insects 337
William Chapco
Introduction 337
General Features of Molecular Genetic Markers 337
Contents
Genetic Variation Estimates 339
Geographic Variation 340
Phylogenetic Studies 347
Acknowledgements 348
References 349
16 Differentiation of Individuals, Populations and Species of
Orthoptera: The Past, Present and Future of Chromosome Markers 355
Jaime Gosalvez Philip L Mason and Carmen Lopez-Fernandez
Introduction 355
Chromosome Size Number and Morphology: the Fruits of the Past 355
Longitudinal Chromosome Differentiation: the Diversity of the Present 364
Integration and Exploitation: the Promise and Challenge of the Future 372
References 377
Part VI: Control and Conservation
17 A History of Chemical Control of Grasshoppers and Locusts
1940-1990 385
P W Riegert, Al B Ewen and Jeffrey A Lockwood
Introduction 385
Chemical Control 385
The New Baits 394
Conclusions 397
Future Directions 397
Acknowledgements 400
References 400
18 Phytochemicals in Locust and Grasshopper Management Strategies 407
T R Govindachari and G Suresh
Introduction 407
Surface Chemicals 408
Antifeedants/Repellents 408
Digestability Reducing Factors 414
Digestive Enzyme Inhibitors of Plant Origin 414
Toxic Compounds 414
Insect Growth Regulators 415
The Future 416
References 416
19 Biological Control of Rangeland Grasshoppers and Locusts 421
Jeffrey A Lockwood and Al B Ewen
Introduction 421
Natural Biological Control 421
Augmentative Biological Control 426
Neoclassical Biological Control 428
Synthesis and Subversive Speculation: Asking Hard Questions 432
Contents
t References 434
20 Crop-Centred Integrated Pest Management in Grasshoppers
and Other Pest Orthoptera 443
Nicholas D Jago
Introduction 443
Crop-Loss Assessment as an Essential Component of IPM 456
Chemical Pesticide Use in IPM 462
Biopesticides as a Component of IPM 464
Arthropod Predators and Parasitoids as a Component of IPM 471
Practical Adoption of Grasshopper-Focused IPM 473
References 473
21 Conservation Biology of Orthoptera 481
Michael J Samways
Introduction and Rationale 481
Threats to Orthoptera 483
Conservation Evaluation and Management 489
Summary 493
Acknowledgements 493
References 493
Species Index 497
Subject Index 509
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| title | The bionomics of grasshoppers, katydids and their kin |
| title_auth | The bionomics of grasshoppers, katydids and their kin |
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| title_short | The bionomics of grasshoppers, katydids and their kin |
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