HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1997
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Gastroenterology clinics of North America
26,2 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII S., S. 145 - 453 Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract |c Donald P. Kotler guest ed. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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HIV INFECTION AND THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Donald P. Kotler
Advances in Mucosal Immunology 145
Ian McGowan, Anthony Chalmers, Graham Radford Smith,
and Derek Jewell
Gastrointestinal disease is one of the most common manifesta¬
tions of HIV infection. The gastrointestinal tract contains abun¬
dant quantities of lymphoid tissue and is likely to function as a
reservoir of HIV infection, a site of profound immune dysregula
tion, and a target for opportunistic infection and malignancy. The
purpose of this article is to describe the mucosal immune system
in health and to summarize the perturbations reported in associa¬
tion with HIV infection.
Pathophysiology of HIV Associated Diarrhea 175
Sain Sain Lu
Considerable advances have been made in the evaluation and
treatment of diarrhea in HIV infected individuals, although gaps
in knowledge still exist. The availability of newer and more
powerful antiretroviral agents should allow a better definition of
the effect of local HIV infection on intestinal function. Further
attention to the pathophysiology of diarrhea should lead to im¬
provements in diagnosis and treatment.
Gastrointestinal Pathology in HIV infected Patients 191
Frederic Clayton and Carol H. Clayton
Specific pathologic processes, particularly oral, esophageal, and
intestinal infections, are common in the alimentary tract of AIDS
GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
VOLUME 26 • NUMBER 2 • JUNE 1997 V
patients. Many of these diseases are adequately assessed only by
biopsy with histologic examination. Most are rare or unreported
in immunocompetent hosts and are easily missed by those not
familiar with them. This article describes the gross or endoscopic
and histologic appearances and the diagnostic criteria for enteric
pathologic processes seen in HIV infected individuals.
Oral and Esophageal Disorders 241
Charles M Noyer and Douglas Simon
This article discusses the oral and esophageal disorders found in
patients with AIDS. The symptoms and causes of these disorders
are reviewed, followed by the approach to the evaluation, diagno¬
sis, and management of the various etiologic agents.
Diarrheal Diseases Associated with HIV Infection 259
Edward A. Lew, Michael A. Poles, and Douglas T. Dieterich
Diarrhea is a major complication of HIV infection and adversely
impacts health care costs, quality of life, and even survival of
patients. There is a wide variety of potential causes of diarrhea
in HIV infected patients, and the number of pathogens found
continues to increase with time. In addition, there is some contro¬
versy concerning the role of some organisms in the pathogenesis
of diarrhea and the appropriate diagnostic evaluation of affected
patients. This article reviews our current understanding of these
pathogens and some of the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
for diarrhea associated with HIV infection.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatic Disease in Patients
with HIV 291
Michael A. Poles, Edward A. Lew, and Douglas T. Dieterich
Liver involvement with opportunistic infections and neoplasms
is a well recognized component of AIDS, affecting most patients.
The cause of hepatic disease in these patients may be divided into
hepatitis, granulomatous disease, mass lesions, vascular lesions,
hepatotoxic drugs, and nonspecific findings. With a rational ap¬
proach, most patients with AIDS and liver disease can be diag¬
nosed and treated in a cost effective manner with low morbidity.
Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Disease in AIDS 323
Joseph A. Nash and Seth A. Cohen
Biliary disease occurs in a subset of AIDS patients with CD4
counts of less than 100 per mm3. These patients present with
right upper quadrant and epigastric pain, cholestasis, and usually
abnormal findings on imaging. In 75% of patients, an associated
opportunistic infection can be identified. In patients with biliary
disease, pain is often relieved following endoscopic sphinctero
vi CONTENTS
tomy, whereas cholecystectomy provides pain relief in patients
with acalculous cholecystitis.
The Pancreas in AIDS 337
Mitchell S. Cappell
Although autopsy studies reveal significant pancreatic lesions in
about 10% of AIDS patients, pancreatic lesions infrequently pro¬
duce symptoms and are rarely recognized premortem. Patients
with AIDS can develop pancreatic disease from causes not related
to AIDS or AIDS specific lesions. AIDS specific causes include
opportunistic infection, AIDS associated neoplasia, and medica¬
tions used to treat complications of AIDS. Pancreatic involvement
is usually part of a widely disseminated tumor and rarely pro¬
duces clinical symptoms.
Anorectal Diseases 367
Amelia A. Pare' and Lester Gottesman
HIV disease changes normal immune response to infection; there¬
fore, sexually transmitted diseases may present differently in this
population. The treatment for gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis,
herpes, and human papilloma virus may vary slightly because
of increased susceptibility, resistance, and recurrence. Moreover,
patients may also present with benign ulceration or occult malig¬
nancy and a rational, cost effective approach must be taken. This
article reviews the anatomy, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and
examination of anorectal disease in the HIV patient. Pharmaco
logic and surgical management of anorectal problems unique to
the HIV patient are also discussed.
Surgical Risk Assessment and Management in Patients
with HIV Disease 377
Hobart W. Harris and William P. Schecter
This article reviews risk assessment for the patient with HIV
disease and the health care professionals caring for these patients.
Although HIV disease provides a unique constellation of chal¬
lenges to the health care provider, the risk for major surgery in
this population is not unlike that for other immunocompromised
or malnourished patients.
Malnutrition in HIV Infection 393
Genci Babameto and Donald P. Kotler
Malnutrition is a common complication of HIV infection and
plays a significant and independent role in morbidity and mortal¬
ity. Many studies have been conducted to assess the appropriate
role of nutrition in the clinical management of HIV infection. The
complex nature of AIDS wasting, however, requires individual¬
ized strategies when providing nutritional support. Algorithms
CONTENTS vii
to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition in HIV
infection serve as general guidelines.
Molecular Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Infections
Associated with HIV Infection 417
Andrew H. Talal, Louis M. Weiss, and Charles Vanderhorst
Developments in medical microbiology in the past 20 years have
had a profound impact on our understanding of infectious dis¬
eases and have led the way in the development of new diagnostic
techniques. Molecular diagnostic techniques are generally more
sensitive, specific, and rapid than conventional methods by which
infectious agents are detected. For many of the opportunistic
infectious agents of the gastrointestinal tract found in HlV in
fected individuals, the application of molecular diagnostic tech¬
niques to the clinical laboratory is in its infancy. In this article,
methods by which these techniques can be evaluated are demon¬
strated, and the current status and potential future application of
these techniques for each gastrointestinal opportunistic pathogen
are described.
Index 445
Subscription Information Inside back cover
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| spelling | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract Donald P. Kotler guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1997 XII S., S. 145 - 453 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Gastroenterology clinics of North America 26,2 Gastrointestinaltrakt (DE-588)4074445-0 gnd rswk-swf Verdauungskanal (DE-588)4078786-2 gnd rswk-swf HIV-Infektion (DE-588)4203852-2 gnd rswk-swf Krankheit (DE-588)4032844-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content HIV-Infektion (DE-588)4203852-2 s Gastrointestinaltrakt (DE-588)4074445-0 s DE-604 Verdauungskanal (DE-588)4078786-2 s Krankheit (DE-588)4032844-2 s Kotler, Donald P. Sonstige oth Gastroenterology clinics of North America 26,2 (DE-604)BV000613725 26,2 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007656797&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract Gastroenterology clinics of North America Gastrointestinaltrakt (DE-588)4074445-0 gnd Verdauungskanal (DE-588)4078786-2 gnd HIV-Infektion (DE-588)4203852-2 gnd Krankheit (DE-588)4032844-2 gnd |
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| title | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract |
| title_auth | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract |
| title_exact_search | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract |
| title_full | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract Donald P. Kotler guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract Donald P. Kotler guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract Donald P. Kotler guest ed. |
| title_short | HIV infection and the gastrointestinal tract |
| title_sort | hiv infection and the gastrointestinal tract |
| topic | Gastrointestinaltrakt (DE-588)4074445-0 gnd Verdauungskanal (DE-588)4078786-2 gnd HIV-Infektion (DE-588)4203852-2 gnd Krankheit (DE-588)4032844-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gastrointestinaltrakt Verdauungskanal HIV-Infektion Krankheit Aufsatzsammlung |
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