Formation processes of the archaeological record:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Salt Lake City, Utah
Univ. of Utah Press
1996
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Erstausg. 1987 im Verl. Univ. of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, erschienen |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 428 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0874805139 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Schiffer, Michael B. |d 1947- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)121275000 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Formation processes of the archaeological record |c Michael B. Schiffer |
| 264 | 1 | |a Salt Lake City, Utah |b Univ. of Utah Press |c 1996 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 428 S. |b zahlr. Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Erstausg. 1987 im Verl. Univ. of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, erschienen | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Archäologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Philosophie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Archaeology |x Methodology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Archaeology |x Philosophy | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Forschung |0 (DE-588)4017894-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1824037929831366656 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents
Preface
xvii
Part I. AN INTRODUCTION TO FORMATION PROCESSES
1
Chapter
1:
The Nature
oí
Archaeological Evidence
3
Introduction
3
General Conceptions of Formation Processes
8
Chapter
2:
The Dimensions of Artifact Variability
13
Traces and the Life History of Artifacts
13
Formal Dimension
15
Spatial Dimension
17
Frequency Dimension
18
Relational Dimension
19
Principles of Formation Processes
21
Conclusion
23
Part II. CULTURAL FORMATION PROCESSES
25
Chapter
3:
Reuse Processes
27
Varieties of Reuse
28
Lateral Cycling
29
Recycling
29
Secondary Use
30
Conservatory Processes
32
Reuse Mechanisms and Large-Scale Processes
36
Reuse: The Individual and Household Perspectives
40
Effects of Settlement Longevity
44
Conclusion
46
vj
Contents
Chapter
4:
Cultural Deposition 47
Introduction
4'
Discard Processes
47
What is Discarded 47
The Pathway Model
50
The Basic Discard Equation
53
Variations on the Basic Discard Equation
55
Primary and Secondary Refuse
58
Maintenance Processes and Waste Streams
64
Influence of Social Stratification, Ethnicity, and Symbolic
Factors on Discard Processes
72
Child's Play Refuse
75
Loss Processes
76
Ritual Caches
79
Treatment of the Dead
80
Death Rates, Life Tables, and Burial Populations
81
Variability in Treatment of the Dead
83
Social Determinants of Variability in Mortuary Treatment
85
Abandonment Processes
89
De
Facto Refuse and Curate Behavior
89
Determinants of
De
Facto Refuse
90
Other Factors Affecting the Composition of
De
Facto Refuse
96
Effect of Abandonment on Maintenance and Discard Processes
97
Conclusion
98
Chapter
5:
Reclamation Processes
99
Introduction
99
Occupational Variability and
Reoccupation
100
Reincorporation
and Salvage
103
Scavenging
106
Scavenging and Displaced Refuse
Ш
Collecting and Pothunting
114
Other Processes
120
Conclusion
120
Chapter
6:
Disturbance Processes
121
Introduction
121
Earth-Moving Processes
122
Surficial Disturbances
126
Trampling
126
Plowing
129
The Consideration of Impacts
132
Planning Stage Impacts
133
Contents
vii
Construction Stage Impacts
133
Operating
Stage Impacts
134
Inferring
Impacts
at
Sites
136
Conclusion
140
Párt
III. ENVIRONMENTAL
FORMATION
PROCESSES
141
Chapter
7:
Environmental Formation Processes: The Artifact
143
Introduction
143
Nature of the Environment
144
Environment versus Artifact Perspectives
146
Agents of Deterioration
147
Chemical Agents
148
Physical Agents
148
Biological Agents
149
Rates and Cycles of Deterioration
150
Stone
151
Ceramic Artifacts
158
Glass
162
Organic Materials
163
Wood
165
Bacterial Decay
168
Fungal Decay
169
Insect Decay
173
Other Animal Agents
177
Decay Prevention
177
Weathering
179
Grains and other Plant Products
180
Textiles
181
Bone
182
Metals
189
General Principles
189
Gold
193
Silver
193
Copper
194
Tin
195
Lead
195
Zinc
195
Iron
196
Discussion
197
Chapter
8:
Environmental Formation Processes: The Site
199
Introduction
199
Primary and Secondary Deposition
199
viii Contents
Soils and Sediments 20°
Pedoturbation 206
Faunalturbation 2^'
Floralturbation 210
Cryoturbation 213
Frost Heave and Thrust 213
Involutions 2^
Patterned Ground 2^
Graviturbation
216
Argilliturbation
216
Aeroturbation
217
Other Processes
217
Transformations of Pits and Structures
217
Pits 218
Structures
^0
Effects of Regional-Scale Processes
231
Earthquakes
231
Storms 233
Concluding Remarks 23^
Chapter
9:
Environmental Formation Processes: The Region
235
Volcanism 23^
Eolian
Processes
238
Hydrological
Processes
243
Ground Water
245
Lakes
247
Glaciation
248
Colluvial and Alluvial Processes
249
Erosion
251
Coastal Processes
255
The Geoarchaeological Mandate
256
Vegetation
257
Fauna
259
Concluding Remarks
261
Part IV. THE STUDY OF FORMATION PROCESSES
263
Chapter
10:
The Identification of Formation Processes
265
The Deposit
265
The Traces of Formation Processes
267
Simple Properties of Artifacts
267
Size
267
Density
269
Shape
270
Contents ix
Orientation
and Dip
270
Uselife Factors
271
Damage
271
Accretions
278
Complex Properties of Artifacts
279
Artifact Quantity
279
Artifact Inventory
280
Vertical Distribution
280
Horizontal Distribution
280
Artifact Diversity
281
Artifact Density of Deposits
282
Measures of Disorganization
282
Artifact Reassembly
285
Representation of Parts
287
Other Properties of Deposits
288
Sediments
288
Ecofacts and Other Intrusive Materials
290
Geochemistry
291
Site Morphology
292
Analytical Strategies
292
Use of Extant Knowledge
292
A Multivariate Approach
293
Use of Published Data
294
A Best-Case Scenario
298
Conclusion
302
Chapter
11:
Formation Processes and Archaeological Inference:
Hohokam Chronology
305
Introduction
305
Historical Background
306
The Interpretation of Radiocarbon Dates
308
Hohokam Radiocarbon Dates
312
Phase Overlap
318
Discussion and Conclusion
320
Chapter
12:
Formation Processes and Archaeological Inference:
Broken
К
Pueblo
323
Introduction
323
Trash-Filled Rooms?
325
In Search of "Missed Pots"
326
A Reconsideration of Hill's Analyses
330
Discussion and Conclusion
337
Contents
Chapter
13:
The Archaeological Process
339
Assessing the Existing Site Records of a Region
340
Techniques for Evaluating Recorded Sites
343
Archaeological Surveys
346
Surface Collections
353
Excavation and Analysis
355
Intrasite Sampling
355
Negative Evidence
356
Recovery Techniques
357
Artifact Processing and Curation
359
Quantitative Methods
361
Quality Control
361
Conclusion
362
References
365
Index
417 |
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| author | Schiffer, Michael B. 1947- |
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| discipline | Geschichte Klassische Archäologie |
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| spelling | Schiffer, Michael B. 1947- Verfasser (DE-588)121275000 aut Formation processes of the archaeological record Michael B. Schiffer Salt Lake City, Utah Univ. of Utah Press 1996 XX, 428 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Erstausg. 1987 im Verl. Univ. of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, erschienen Archäologie Philosophie Archaeology Methodology Archaeology Philosophy Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd rswk-swf Archäologisches Denkmal (DE-588)4318316-5 gnd rswk-swf Archäologisches Denkmal (DE-588)4318316-5 s Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007628497&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schiffer, Michael B. 1947- Formation processes of the archaeological record Archäologie Philosophie Archaeology Methodology Archaeology Philosophy Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd Archäologisches Denkmal (DE-588)4318316-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4017894-8 (DE-588)4318316-5 |
| title | Formation processes of the archaeological record |
| title_auth | Formation processes of the archaeological record |
| title_exact_search | Formation processes of the archaeological record |
| title_full | Formation processes of the archaeological record Michael B. Schiffer |
| title_fullStr | Formation processes of the archaeological record Michael B. Schiffer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formation processes of the archaeological record Michael B. Schiffer |
| title_short | Formation processes of the archaeological record |
| title_sort | formation processes of the archaeological record |
| topic | Archäologie Philosophie Archaeology Methodology Archaeology Philosophy Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd Archäologisches Denkmal (DE-588)4318316-5 gnd |
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