Holdings: Prejudice and racism

Prejudice and racism:

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Jones, James M. (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	New York [u.a.] McGraw-Hill 1997
Edition:	2. ed.
Series:	McGraw-Hill series in social psychology
Subjects:	Beïnvloeding Rassendiscriminatie Stereotypen Vooroordelen Race relations Prejudices Rassismus USA United States > Race relations
Online Access:	Publisher description Table of contents Inhaltsverzeichnis
Physical Description:	XXVII, 578 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	0070331170

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MARC


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Record in the Search Index

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adam_text	Ilrejudicz SECOND EDITION James M Jones University of Delaware The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc New York St Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto Contents FOREWORD xvii PREFACE xxiii 1 PREJUDICE AND RACISM REVISITED 1 Introduction 1 Whose Problem Is It Anyway? 2 Defining Prejudice and Racism 7 What Is Prejudice? 8 The Problem of Discrimination 10 What Is Racism? 11 A Question of the Emphasis on Blacks 15 Black Exceptionalism 16 Organization of the Book 18 PART ONE: SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS— 1500-1990 21 2 THE PROBLEM OF THE COLOR LINE 23 Introduction - 23 A Concise and Selective History of Race Relations in America, 1619-1900 24 Racist Attitudes, Racist Behavior—The Beginning 26 Regional Variations in Black Oppression 27 The Great American Lie 29 Growth of the Problem 32 the 1900s and 1910s: Eugenics and Jim Crow 33 The First Riot Report 36 The 1920s: Attitudes, Art, and Poverty 37 ix X CONTENTS The 1930s: Racial Stereotypes and Federal Bureaucracy 40 The 1940s: Growing Civil Rights Action and Attitude Change through Contact 43 Summary 51 3 ATTACKING THE PROBLEM 52 Introduction 52 The 1950s: Civil Rights and Modern Authority 53 Studies of Racial Identification 55 Social Roles in Mass Society 58 Interracial Contact 59 The 1960s: Confrontation and the Relevant Social Scientist 60 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 63 The Revolution 65 Reporting on the Status of the United States 67 Summary 76 4 THE PROBLEM I: CHANGE AND CONTINUITY IN THE 1970s 1 77 Introduction 77 Afro-American Studies: New Identities 79 Affirmative Action: New Remedy and New Problem 83 Numerical versus Moral Equality 84 Reverse Discrimination?—Acknowledging Ethnicity and Affirming Discrimination 86 The Declining Significance of Race? 91 Social Psychology Makes Its Mark 93 Racial Attitudes 93 Behavioral Expressions of Racial Bias 100 Summary 102 5 THE PROBLEM II: CONFLICT AND CHANGE IN THE 1980s 103 Introduction 103 Social Policy Views on Inequality 106 Losing Ground—the Limits of Social Welfare: Charles Murray 106 The Truly Disadvantaged—Universality over Race: William Wilson 109 Joblessness and Social Isolation Cause Poverty 109 Importance of a Universal Approach to Social Policy* Evidence of the Continuing Racial Divide Hate Crimes and Increasing Racial Violence Beliefs about Inequality: Kluegel and Smith Afrocentrism Microlevel Manifestations of Racial Bias Symbolic Racism Modem Racism Aversive Racism Summary CONTENTS XI PART TWO: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PREJUDICE 133 6 PERSPECTIVES ON PREJUDICE 135 Introduction 135 Defining Prejudice 237 Working Definition o/Prejudice 142 Theories of Prejudice 143 Measuring Racial Attitudes and Linking Them to Prejudice 150 Summary 161 7 PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF PREJUDICE: STEREOTYPES 164 Introduction 164 What Are Stereotypes? 167 Stereotypes as Inaccurate Prejudgments, or Accurate Overgeneralizations? 168 Stereotypes as Individual or Consensual Beliefs 169 A Working Definition o/Stereotype ' 270 How Are Stereotypes Measured? 170 Where Do Stereotypes Come From? 176 Categorization 177 Illusory Correlation 179 Perceiving Social Groups 181 How Are Stereotypes Structured and How Do They Function? 185 Xll CONTENTS Stereotypes as Cognitive Structures 185 Stereotypes Influence Perception and Behavior 190 Stereotypes Affect What Information Is Attended to and Encoded 190 Stereotypes Can Influence How Information Is Construed or Interpreted 192 Stereotypes Can Influence How Information Is Processed 195 Why Are Stereotypes Important to Prejudice? 195 Our Reaction to Social Groups Depends on What We Think or How We Feel about the Group 196 Unconscious Processes Link Stereotypes to Prejudice 198 Summary 201 8 PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF PREJUDICE— INTERGROUP RELATIONS I: THEORY AND RESEARCH 203 Introduction 204 Two Models oflntergroup Processes 205 Social Competition—The Common-Predicament Model ofM uza fer Sherif 205 Social Categorization—The Minimal-Group Paradigm of Henri Tajfel 208 Social Processes That Influence Intergroup Relations 214 Social Identity Theory (SIT) 214 Optimal-Distinctiveness Theory 215 Belonging to a Stigmatized Group 217 Cognitive Processes That Guide Intergroup Relations 219 Us and Them—Groups as Entities and Actors 219 Out-Group Homogeneity 222 Complexity and Extremity 224 Categorical Generalizations—Exemplar versus Prototype 225 The Dynamics oflntergroup Conflict 227 Social Dominance Theory 227 Intergroup Anxiety 230 Summary 234 9 PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF PREJUDICE— INTERGROUP RELATIONS II: CASE EXAMPLES 236 Introduction - 236 Themes of Interethnic Conflict 238 Case Examples of Ethnic Conflict 240 CONTENTS Xlll Rwanda—Tutsi (Minority) versus Hutu (Majority) 241 Ireland—Catholics (Majority) versus Protestant (Minority) 244 Bosnia—Muslims (Majority) versus Serbs (Minority) 249 Dynamics of Ethnic Conflict 254 Minimal-Group versus Realistic-Group Conflict 254 Intergroup Contact—the Problem or the Solution ? 255 Relationship to Black-White Conflict in the United States 256 Summary 257 Postscript 257 10 PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF PREJUDICE: ADAPTATION AND COPING OF TARGETS 259 Introduction v 259 Psychological Predicaments of Prejudice 262 Psychological Mechanisms of Adaptation and Coping 265 Stereotype Threat—I Know I Can Do This, so Why Am I Not Doing Better? 266 Attributional Ambiguity—Did I Do Badly or Are You a Racist? 271 Psychological Reactions to Cultural and Racial Dominance 274 Cultural Mistrust 274 African Self-Consciousness (ASC) 277 Adapting to Psychological Marginalization 280 Bicultural Adaptation 280 Psychological Marginalization 285 Identity Structures and Processes: Coping with Stigma 288 Racial Identity 288 Ethnic Identity 292 Summary 295 11 REDUCING PREJUDICE 297 Introduction 297 Prejudice-Reduction Strategies Vary among Four Approaches 301 The Salvation Approach—Focus on the Perpetrators of Prejudice 302 The Remediation Approach—Focus on the Targets of Prejudice 303 The Colorblind Approach—Treat Every Person as if His or Her Race Does Not Matter 305 XIV CONTENTS The Transactional Approach—Consider the Perspectives and Purposes of All People 306 Barriers to Prejudice Reduction 309 Reducing Prejudice by Modifying Individual-Level Processes 312 Prejudice Is a Problem of Categorization 313 Prejudice Is a Problem oflntergroup Anxiety 317 Reducing Prejudice through Intergroup Processes 324 Equal Status Contact 325 Deprovincialization 329 Social Emotions 331 Recategorization 333 Summary 335 PART THREE: PSYCHOLOGY OF RACISM 337 12 RACE 339 Introduction 339 What Is Race? 341 Defining Race 342 Origin of the Term Race 350 Why the Persistence of Race? 352 Race, Racialism, and Racialization 356 Racialism 357 Racialization 357 Race and Ethnicity 358 Race and Culture 361 Summary 364 13 RACISM: WHAT IS IT AND HOW DOES IT WORK? 365 Introduction 365 What Is Racism? Definitions and Their Implications 367 How Does Racism Work? 374 Racism and Beliefs about Race 374 Rationalism of Racism 377 The Sustaining Mechanisms of Racism 379 CONTENTS XV Souls of White Folk 386 American Apartheid 389 Coping with Racism 394 Summary 409 14 UNDERSTANDING RACISM I: INDIVIDUAL RACISM 411 Introduction 411 Race Prejudice and Racism Compared 413 Defining Individual Racism 417 Individual Racism—Comparative Modus Operandi: Dominative and Aversive Cases 420 Individual Racism through Socialization 423 Social Psychological Mechanisms That Sustain Individual Racism 428 Black Like Me, White Like You 433 Summary 434 15 UNDERSTANDING RACISM II: INSTITUTIONAL RACISM 436 Introduction 436 Defining Institutional Racism 438 Institutional Racism—Economics 441 Institutional Racism—Education 447 Institutional Racism—Media 457 Institutional Racism—Justice 458 Institutional Racism—Physical and Mental Health 464 Affirmative Action—Remedy for Institutional Racism ? 467 Summary 469 16 UNDERSTANDING RACISM III: CULTURAL RACISM 471 Introduction 471 Defining Cultural Racism 472 Origins of Cultural Contact: Statement of a Theme 473 Skin Color 475 Sexuality 476 XVi CONTENTS The Problem of Color and Culture Cultural Wars Yurugu: Racism as Disharmony in Nature TRIOS: Domains of Cultural Expression and Meaning Africentrism: A Battle for Cultural Meaning The Bell Curve Wars Summary: Constructing Culture—The New Racism 17 RACISM: TOWARD A MACRO-MICRO INTEGRATION Introduction Racism as a Structural and Dynamic Model Culture Institutions Individuals Antiracism: A Cultural Coda What Is Antiracism? Critique of Antiracism Antiracism as a Pathway to Change 18 EPILOGUE: PREJUDICE, RACISM, AND DIVERSITY Introduction What Doesn't Kill Me Makes Me Stronger Contexts for the Creation and Amelioration of Racial Conflict Processes of Prejudice Realities of Racism 2001—A Human Odyssey Whose Problem Is It, Anyway? The Physics of Action—The Antiracist Role Diversity Is a Strength in the Species and in Society Toward a More Perfect Union BIBLIOGRAPHY ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INDEX
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author	Jones, James M.
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discipline	Soziologie Politologie Psychologie
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format	Book
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spelling	Jones, James M. Verfasser aut Prejudice and racism James M. Jones 2. ed. New York [u.a.] McGraw-Hill 1997 XXVII, 578 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier McGraw-Hill series in social psychology Beïnvloeding gtt Rassendiscriminatie gtt Stereotypen gtt Vooroordelen gtt Race relations Prejudices Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 gnd rswk-swf USA United States -- Race relations Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 s DE-604 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/mh022/96034940.html Publisher description http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/mh022/96034940.html Table of contents HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007604640&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
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title	Prejudice and racism
title_auth	Prejudice and racism
title_exact_search	Prejudice and racism
title_full	Prejudice and racism James M. Jones
title_fullStr	Prejudice and racism James M. Jones
title_full_unstemmed	Prejudice and racism James M. Jones
title_short	Prejudice and racism
title_sort	prejudice and racism
topic	Beïnvloeding gtt Rassendiscriminatie gtt Stereotypen gtt Vooroordelen gtt Race relations Prejudices Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 gnd
topic_facet	Beïnvloeding Rassendiscriminatie Stereotypen Vooroordelen Race relations Prejudices Rassismus USA United States -- Race relations
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