Product policy in Europe: new environmental perspectives
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht [u.a.]
Kluwer
1996
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Environment & policy
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 306 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0792340787 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Product policy in Europe |b new environmental perspectives |c Frans Oosterhuis ; Frieder Rubik ; Gerd Scholl |
| 264 | 1 | |a Dordrecht [u.a.] |b Kluwer |c 1996 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 306 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Productbeleid |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Politik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Umwelt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Green marketing |z European Union countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a New products |x Government policy |z European Union countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Product management |x Environmental aspects |z European Union countries | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804125598644174848 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
FOREWORD x
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi
The Institutes xii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
1 Introduction 1
2 Conceptual Framework and Theoretical Background of
Product Policy 2
3 The Product Policy Quadrangle 4
4 Product Policy in Practice: Four Case Studies 8
5 Assessment, Applicability and Improvability of Product
Policy 15
6 Product Policy in Europe Experiences, Trends and
International Trade Aspects 18
7 Product Management: Trends and Prospects 23
8 Conclusions and Recommendations 26
1 INTRODUCTION 33
1.1 The Need for a Product Oriented Approach in
Environmental Policy 33
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Study 36
1.3 Outline of this Book 37
2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND THEORETICAL
BACKGROUND OF PRODUCT POLICY 39
2.1 The Relationship between Ecosphere and Technosphere 39
2.2 Internalizing the External Costs of Products 43
2.3 History of the Development of Product Policy 46
2.4 Product Policy in Relation to Other Approaches of
Environmental Policy 49
v
vi
2.4.1 Process Policy 49
2.4.2 Waste Policy 50
2.4.3 Substance Chain Policy 51
2.4.4 Product Policy 54
2.5 Characteristics of Product Policy 57
2.6 Relationship between Policy Making and Actors 60
2.7 Conclusions 65
• 3 THE PRODUCT POLICY QUADRANGLE 67
3.1 Objectives 67
3.2 Instruments 73
3.3 Actors 81
3.4 Products 86
3.5 Interrelationship Between the Four Corners of the Product
Policy Quadrangle 88
4 PRODUCT POLICY IN PRACTICE: FOUR CASE STUDIES 91
4.1 Introduction 91
4.2 Paints 95
4.2.1 Description 95
4.2.1.1 The Product Group 95
4.2.1.2 Objectives 96
4.2.1.3 Actors 98
4.2.1.4 Instruments 101
4.2.2 Evaluation 103
4.2.2.1 Effectiveness 103
4.2.2.2 Efficiency 106
4.2.2.3 Acceptance, Flexibility and Side effects 107
4.2.2.4 Barriers and Opportunities 108
4.2.3 Conclusions 109
4.3 Batteries 111
4.3.1 Description 111
4.3.1.1 The Product Group 111
4.3.1.2 Objectives 113
4.3.1.3 Actors 114
4.3.1.4 Instruments 117
4.3.2 Evaluation 119
4.3.2.1 Effectiveness 119
4.3.2.2 Efficiency 121
4.3.2.3 Acceptance, Flexibility and Side effects 122
4.3.2.4 Barriers and Opportunities 123
4.3.3 Conclusions 123
4.4 Public Procurement 126
4.4.1 Description 126
4.4.1.1 The Instrument 126
4.4.1.2 Objectives 127
vii
4.4.1.3 Actors j28
4.4.1.4 Product Groups ]3Q
4A.2 Evaluation 130
4.4.2.1 Effectiveness 3Q
4.4.2.2 Efficiency 132
4.4.2.3 Acceptance, Flexibility and Side effects 132
4.4.2.4 Barriers and Opportunities 133
4.4.3 Conclusions 135
4.5 Eco labelling 137
4.5.1 Description 137
4.5.1.1 The Instrument 137
4.5.1.2 Objectives J3g
4.5.1.3 Actors 139
4.5.1.4. Product Groups 143
4.5.2 Evaluation 143
4.5.2.1. Effectiveness 143
4.5.2.2 Efficiency 145
4.5.2.3. Acceptance, Flexibility and Side effects 145
4.5.2.4 Barriers and Opportunities 146
4.5.3 Conclusions 148
5 ASSESSMENT, APPLICABILITY AND IMPROVABBLITY
OF PRODUCT POLICY 151
5.1 Policy Objectives: Attitudes, Appropriateness and Inter¬
relationship 152
5.1.1 Actors Attitudes towards Policy Objectives 152
5.1.2 Appropriateness of Objectives for Certain Product Groups 155
5.1.3 Inter relationship of Policy Objectives 157
5.1.3.1 Internal Relationships 157
5.1.3.2 External Relationships 159
5.2 The Assessment of Product Policy Instruments 160
5.2.1 Aspects of Mixed Instrumental Approaches 160
5.2.2 Evaluation Criteria for Instruments 165
5.2.2.1 Effectiveness 165
5.2.2.2 Efficiency 166
5.2.2.3 Acceptance 168
5.2.2.4 Flexibility 168
5.2.2.5 Side effects 169
5.2.3 Conclusions 170
5.3 The Application of Product Policy Instruments 170
5.3.1. Main Barriers Facing Product Policy 171
5.3.1.1. Awareness and Motivation Barriers 171
5.3.1.2. Economic Barriers 172
5.3.1.3 Information Barriers 173
5.3.1.4 Organizational Barriers 174
5.3.1.5 Technical Barriers 174
5.3.1.6 Other Barriers 174
5.3.1.7 Conclusions 175
5.3.2 Suitability of the Product Approach 176
5.3.2.1 Actor related (counter )indications 177
viii
5.3.2.2 Product related (counter )indications 179
5.3.2.3 Suitability for Objectives 182
5.3.2.4 Conclusions 184
6 PRODUCT POLICY IN EUROPE: EXPERIENCES,
TRENDS AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE ASPECTS 187
6.1 Experiences in European Union Member States 187
6.1.1 Direct Regulatory Instruments 187
6.1.2 Economic Instruments 189
6.1.3 Compulsory Information Instruments 193
6.1.4 Voluntary Information Instruments 194
6.1.5 Voluntary Agreements 197
6.1.6 Conclusions 197
6.2 Trends Within European Product Policy 199
6.2.1 Product oriented Environmental Policy at the Level of the EU 199
6.2.2 Overview of Policy Trends 202
6.2.3 Conclusions 202
6.2.3.1 Objectives 203
6.2.3.2 Instruments 204
6.2.3.3 Actors 204
6.2.3.4 Products 204
6.3 Product Policy and International Trade 205
6.3.1 Environmental Aspects of International Trade 206
6.3.1.1 The Environmental Relevance of Traded Products 207
6.3.1.2 Influencing Trade for Environmental Reasons 209
6.3.2 The Institutional Framework 209
6.3.2.1 GATT/WTO 209
6.3.2.2 The European Union 210
6.3.3 Assessment of Trade Effects of Policy Instruments 212
6.3.4 Conclusions 216
7 PRODUCT MANAGEMENT: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS 219
7.1 From Product Policy to Product Management: New Trends 219
7.2 The Actors and Their New Roles 221
7.2.1 Enterprises 221
7.2.1.1 Strategic Business Planning 221
7.2.1.2 Philosophies and Strategies 223
7.2.1.3 Business Philosophy and Instruments 224
7.2.1.4 Stimulation of Business Product Management and Product
Innovation by Product Policy 226
7.2.1.5 Product Development 231
7.2.1.6 Instruments of Product Development 236
7.2.1.7 Relation to the Functional Chain 239
7.2.2 Trade and retailers 239
7.2.2.1 Range Policy 241
7.2.2.2 Distribution Policy 242
7.2.2.3 Communication Policy 243
7.2.2.4 Conclusions 243
7.2.3 Consumers 244
ix
7.2.4 Interest Groups 246
7.2.4.1 Environmental and Consumer Organizations 246
j 7.2.4.2 Trade Unions 248
7.3 Co operative Behaviour Among Product Managers 251
7.3.1 Co operation in Environmental Policy 252
V— 7.3.2 Co operation among private (economic) actors 254
7.3.2.1 Upstream, Downstream, Network Models between Producers,
Traders, Consumers 254
7.3.2.2 Environmental Organizations and Enterprises 255
7.3.2.3 Co operation amongst Consumers 257
7.3.3 Co operation among Governments and Private Economic Actors 257
7.3.3.1 Co operation During Policy Formulation 25 7
7.3.3.2 Co operation During Policy Application (Voluntary
Agreements) 258
7.3.4 Conclusions 261
7.4 New Forms of Production and Consumption 262
7.4.1 Orientation Towards Dematerialization: Eco Leasing, Sharing, Pooling 262
7.4.1.1 Eco leasing 264
7.4.1.2 Sharing and Pooling 267
7.4.2 Orientation Towards the Demand side: Least cost Planning 270
7.4.2.1 Environmental Effectiveness 271
7.4.2.2 Economic Efficiency 271
7.4.2.3 Feasibility 271
7.4.3 Orientation Towards Information: Substance Agencies 272
7.4.3.1 Environmental Effectiveness 272
7.4.3.2 Economic Efficiency 2 72
7.4.3.3 Feasibility 273
1AA Conclusions 273
8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 275
8.1 Conclusions 275
8.1.1 Introduction 275
8.1.2 The Nature of Product Policy and its Position in Environmental Policy 275
8.1.3 Objectives 276
8.1.4 Instruments 277
8.1.5 Actors 279
8.1.6 Products 280
8.1.7 Barriers, Constraints and Limitations 280
8.1.8 The Prospects for Product Policy in the EU 281
8.2 Policy Recommendations 282
8.3 Research Recommendations 287
REFERENCES 291
ABBREVIATIONS 303
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Oosterhuis, Frans Rubik, Frieder 1956- Scholl, Gerd 1966- |
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| author_role | aut aut aut |
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| discipline | Soziologie Fertigungstechnik Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| geographic_facet | Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten Westeuropa |
| id | DE-604.BV011107183 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:04:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0792340787 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007442059 |
| oclc_num | 34663259 |
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| physical | XII, 306 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1996 |
| publishDateSearch | 1996 |
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| publisher | Kluwer |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Environment & policy |
| spelling | Oosterhuis, Frans Verfasser aut Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives Frans Oosterhuis ; Frieder Rubik ; Gerd Scholl Dordrecht [u.a.] Kluwer 1996 XII, 306 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Environment & policy Bedrijfsinterne milieuzorg gtt Product-levenscyclus gtt Productbeleid gtt Politik Umwelt Green marketing European Union countries New products Government policy European Union countries Product management Environmental aspects European Union countries Produktpolitik (DE-588)4134655-5 gnd rswk-swf Produktmanagement (DE-588)4125960-9 gnd rswk-swf Umweltbezogenes Management (DE-588)4201709-9 gnd rswk-swf Umweltschutz (DE-588)4061644-7 gnd rswk-swf Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 gnd rswk-swf Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 g Produktmanagement (DE-588)4125960-9 s Umweltbezogenes Management (DE-588)4201709-9 s DE-604 Produktpolitik (DE-588)4134655-5 s Umweltschutz (DE-588)4061644-7 s 1\p DE-604 Rubik, Frieder 1956- Verfasser (DE-588)123725720 aut Scholl, Gerd 1966- Verfasser (DE-588)172895936 aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007442059&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Oosterhuis, Frans Rubik, Frieder 1956- Scholl, Gerd 1966- Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives Bedrijfsinterne milieuzorg gtt Product-levenscyclus gtt Productbeleid gtt Politik Umwelt Green marketing European Union countries New products Government policy European Union countries Product management Environmental aspects European Union countries Produktpolitik (DE-588)4134655-5 gnd Produktmanagement (DE-588)4125960-9 gnd Umweltbezogenes Management (DE-588)4201709-9 gnd Umweltschutz (DE-588)4061644-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4134655-5 (DE-588)4125960-9 (DE-588)4201709-9 (DE-588)4061644-7 (DE-588)4079215-8 |
| title | Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives |
| title_auth | Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives |
| title_exact_search | Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives |
| title_full | Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives Frans Oosterhuis ; Frieder Rubik ; Gerd Scholl |
| title_fullStr | Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives Frans Oosterhuis ; Frieder Rubik ; Gerd Scholl |
| title_full_unstemmed | Product policy in Europe new environmental perspectives Frans Oosterhuis ; Frieder Rubik ; Gerd Scholl |
| title_short | Product policy in Europe |
| title_sort | product policy in europe new environmental perspectives |
| title_sub | new environmental perspectives |
| topic | Bedrijfsinterne milieuzorg gtt Product-levenscyclus gtt Productbeleid gtt Politik Umwelt Green marketing European Union countries New products Government policy European Union countries Product management Environmental aspects European Union countries Produktpolitik (DE-588)4134655-5 gnd Produktmanagement (DE-588)4125960-9 gnd Umweltbezogenes Management (DE-588)4201709-9 gnd Umweltschutz (DE-588)4061644-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bedrijfsinterne milieuzorg Product-levenscyclus Productbeleid Politik Umwelt Green marketing European Union countries New products Government policy European Union countries Product management Environmental aspects European Union countries Produktpolitik Produktmanagement Umweltbezogenes Management Umweltschutz Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten Westeuropa |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007442059&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT oosterhuisfrans productpolicyineuropenewenvironmentalperspectives AT rubikfrieder productpolicyineuropenewenvironmentalperspectives AT schollgerd productpolicyineuropenewenvironmentalperspectives |