Mental models in cognitive science: essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hove
Psychology Press
1996
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 336 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0863774482 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Mental models in cognitive science
Autor: Oakhill, Jane
Jahr: 1996
Contents
List of Contributors ix
Preface xi
Foreword: Early Impressions of a Research Worker (1963-1980) xiii
Peter Wason
1. Contexruality 1
George Miller
Multiple Meanings 2
Situations, Fields, and Contexts 3
Contextualisation and Memory 5
Contextualisation, Attention, and Perception 5
Contextualisation and Language Acquisition 8
Contextual Representations 9
Contextualising and Written Language 11
Contextualisation and Computational Linguistics 14
Conclusion 16
References 17
2. The Interpretation of Words 19
Patrizia Tabossi
Interpreting Urtambiguous Words 22
Interpreting Ambiguous Words 26
Lexical Processing and the Architecture of the Mind 28
Lexical Interpretation and Concept Representation 30
Acknowledgements 32
References 32
Vi CONTENTS
3. The Other Side of Mental Models: Theories of Language Comprehension 35
Alan Garnham
Mental Models and Language: Some Beginnings 35
Mental Models as a Framework 38
Mental Models of Reasoning vs. Mental Models of Language 44
Concluding Remarks 50
References 51
4. Mental Models, Propositions, and the Comprehension of Pronouns 53
Rosemary J. Stevenson
The Theory of Mental Models 54
The Comprehension of Pronouns 58
The Focusing of Entities in a Mental Model 62
Towards a Dynamic Model of Focusing 71
Summary 72
Acknowledgements 73
Notes 73
References 74
5. Mental Models in Children s Text Comprehension 77
Jane Oakhill
Mental Models in Skilied Reading 77
Why Might Model Building Go Wrong? 78
Inadequate Model Building by Poor Comprehenders 80
What Goes Wrong with Poor Comprehenders Text Models? 83
Working Memory in Text Comprehension 90
Conclusions 92
Acknowledgements 92
References 93
6. Mental Models in Reasoning and Decision-making Processes 95
Paolo Legrenzi and Vittorio Girotto
The Model Theory of Deduction 96
Focusing and De-focusing in Information Selection 99
Disjunctive Effects in Choice and Reasoning Under Uncertainty 105
Conclusions 115
Acknowledgements 116
References 116
7. Models, Arguments and Decisions 119
David W. Green
The Cognition of Social Agents 120
Informal Argument and Toulmin s Argument Scheme 121
Prior Research on Argument 122
Toulmin s Scheme and Mental Models 126
Processing Scheme for Argument 127
Warrants and Decisions: Model Theory Predictions 127
CONTENTS Vl l
Levels of Control in Argumentation 133
Conclusion 134
Acknowledgements 135
References 135
8. Compatibility in Decisions and in Models 139
Eldar Shafir
Introduction 139
Compatibility 141
Concluding Remarks 148
Acknowledgement 151
References 151
9. Towards a Model Theory of Imaginary Thinking 155
Ruth M.J. Byrne
Mental Models: From Deduction to Imaginary Thought 155
The Model Theory of Conditionals 156
The Model Theory of Counterfactual Conditionals 161
Towards a Model Theory of the Generation of Counterfactual
Scenarios 165
Conclusions 171
References 172
10. Emotions, Rationality, and Informal Reasoning 175
Keith G. Oatley
Introduction 175
Reason and Emotion 177
Two Empirical Explorations 186
Conclusion 193
Acknowledgement 194
References 194
11. The Mental Health of Mental Models and the Mental Models of Mental
Health 197
TU Wykes and Mick Power
Introduction 197
Depression 199
Schizophrenia 209
Comparison of Depressed, Psychotic, and Normal Reasoners 217
Conclusion 218
Tailnote 218
References 219
12. Applied Mental Models in Human-Computer Interaction 223
Kate Ehrlich
Introduction 223
Mental Models in Cognitive Science 224
VÜi CONTENTS
Mental Models in Human Computer Interaction 225
Design Models 235
From Cognitive Science to HCl 238
Summary 242
Acknowledgements 242
References 242
13. Interaction and Mental Models of Physics Phenomena: Evidence from Dialogues
between Learners 247
Tony Anderson, Christine Howe and Andrew Tolmie
Introduction 247
Mental Models of Dynamics and Kinematics Phenomena 249
Interaction and Mental Models 251
Peer Interaction and Mental Models of Physics Phenomena 254
Conclusions and Implications 268
Acknowledgements 272
References 272
14. Causality by Contact 275
Giuliano Geminiani, Antonella Carassa and Bruno Bara
Introduction 275
Background to our Analysis of Causal Reasoning 277
Causal Models: Structure 283
Causal Models: Reasoning Processes 291
A Computational Model 298
Concluding Remarks 299
Acknowledgements 301
References 302
15. The Blues and the Abstract Truth: Music and Mental Models 305
Mark Steedman
Introduction 305
Longuet-Higgins Theory of Tonal Harmony 308
Categorial Grammar 312
Notes 316
Acknowledgements 317
References 317
Appendix: Conventions Used in Figure 15.1 318
16. Afterword: The Model Theory of Reasoning: Current Standing and Future
Prospects 319
Jonathan St.B. T. Evans
Mental Models and Mental Logic 320
The Future of the Model Theory 324
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| spelling | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird ed. by Jane Oakhill ... Hove Psychology Press 1996 XVI, 336 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Theorie (DE-588)4059787-8 gnd rswk-swf Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 gnd rswk-swf Kognitives Schema (DE-588)4164480-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4016928-5 Festschrift gnd-content Kognitives Schema (DE-588)4164480-3 s Theorie (DE-588)4059787-8 s Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 s DE-604 Oakhill, Jane Sonstige oth Johnson-Laird, Philip Nicholas 1936- (DE-588)12408902X hnr HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007386841&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird Theorie (DE-588)4059787-8 gnd Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 gnd Kognitives Schema (DE-588)4164480-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4059787-8 (DE-588)4193780-6 (DE-588)4164480-3 (DE-588)4016928-5 |
| title | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird |
| title_auth | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird |
| title_exact_search | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird |
| title_full | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird ed. by Jane Oakhill ... |
| title_fullStr | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird ed. by Jane Oakhill ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird ed. by Jane Oakhill ... |
| title_short | Mental models in cognitive science |
| title_sort | mental models in cognitive science essays in honour of phil johnson laird |
| title_sub | essays in honour of Phil Johnson-Laird |
| topic | Theorie (DE-588)4059787-8 gnd Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 gnd Kognitives Schema (DE-588)4164480-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Theorie Kognitionswissenschaft Kognitives Schema Festschrift |
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