Dissociative identity disorder, multiple personality disorder:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1996
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America
5,2 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV S., 263 - 541 Ill. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER/
MULTIPLE PERSONALITY DISORDER CONTENTS
Foreword xi
Melvin Lewis
Preface xiii
Dorothy Otnow Lewis and Frank W. Putnam
A Brief History of Multiple Personality Disorder 263
Frank W. Putnam
This brief review of multiple personality disorder (MPD) focuses
on a number of historical threads of inquiry spanning the past
century. Nineteenth century investigations of dissociation paved
the way for multilevel models of the mind and the development
of dynamic psychiatry. Modern controversies, such as the role of
trauma in dissociation, cultural influences on the expression of
dissociation, the portrayal of MPD in the popular media, and the
validity of MPD, grow out of nineteenth century debates. The
recognition of child and adolescent dissociative disorders and the
adoption of a developmental focus of investigation offers an
opportunity to resolve many of these contentious issues.
Epidemiology of Dissociation in Children and Adolescents:
Extrapolations and Speculations 273
Colin A. Ross
Definitive scientific evidence on the epidemiology of dissociation
in children and adolescents is not available. Existing studies have
methodologic limitations. Extrapolation from anecdotal clinical
experience and research conducted to date yields an estimate that
5% to 10% of children in North America may meet DSM IV
j CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC
[ CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
VOLUME 5 • NUMBER 2 • APRIL 1996 V
criteria for a dissociative disorder at some time prior to age
18 years.
Child Development and Dissociation 285
Frank W. Putnam
Increased recognition of dissociative symptoms and phenomena
in children and adolescents has confronted clinicians with the
challenge of differentiating normal from abnormal or pathologic
dissociation. Reliable and valid measures of dissociation are in¬
creasingly being used both clinically and for research. These data
strongly link pathologic dissociation with traumatic antecedents.
They also point to family environmental experiences and attach¬
ment as important contributors to an individual s dissociativity.
High levels of dissociation are linked with behavioral problems
and psychopathology in maltreated children and adults.
Diagnostic Evaluation of the Child With Dissociative Identity
Disorder/Multiple Personality Disorder 303
Dorothy Otnow Lewis
This article reviews the diagnoses with which dissociative iden¬
tity disorder/multiple personality disorder (DID/MPD) is often
confused, and it reviews ways to distinguish DID/MPD from
these conditions. The article suggests techniques for tapping dis¬
sociative symptoms in children. It also provides figures to illus¬
trate the way writing samples and drawings produced prior to
evaluations can be used to confirm the diagnosis of DID/MPD.
Diagnostic Tools for Assessing Dissociation in
Children and Adolescents 333
Marlene Steinberg
The recent development of screening and diagnostic instruments
specific to the dissociative disorders allows for effective early
identification and proper treatment of patients with these disor¬
ders. These disorders have been under and misdiagnosed in the
child and adolescent population as well as in adults. This article
reviews instruments that are currently in use in screening for or
diagnosing dissociative disorders in children and adolescents,
and it reports on the results obtained from administration of the
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Dissociative Disorders
(SCID D) to adolescent patients. It concludes with a summary of
the clinical applications of the SCID D in the adolescent popula¬
tion and a sample interview report on an adolescent diagnosed
with dissociative identity disorder/multiple identity disorder.
Clinical Phenomenology of Child and Adolescent
Dissociative Disorders: Gender and Age Effects 351
Frank W. Putnam, Nancy Hornstein, and Gary Peterson
Clinicians have noted age and gender differences in the presenta¬
tions of children and adolescents with dissociative disorders.
Vi CONTENTS
This study uses a composite sample of 177 cases to explore
developmental and gender differences in youth with pathologic
dissociation. Females proved to be more symptomatic than males
in five areas: anxiety and phobic symptoms, post traumatic stress
disorder symptoms, sleep problems, sexual acting out, and somat
ization. In general, there were more dissociative and comorbid
symptoms with increasing age, although most age differences did
not achieve statistical significance. Internalized auditory halluci¬
nations, conversion symptoms, amnesias, suicidal ideation, and
self mutilation increased significantly with age. Preschool cases
were essentially equally divided between males and females. By
late adolescence, 83% of cases were female. Cases diagnosed with
dissociative identity disorder/multiple personality disorder were
significantly more symptomatic than those diagnosed with dis¬
sociative disorder not otherwise specified.
Clinical Phenomenology of 25 Children and Adolescents
with Dissociative Disorders 361
Philip M. Coons
Of 25 consecutive children and adolescents referred for evalua¬
tion to a dissociative disorders clinic, there were 11 with multiple
personality disorder, 13 with dissociative disorder not otherwise
specified, and one with psychogenic amnesia. Data are presented
on the psychiatric history, clinical phenomenology, DSM IIIR di¬
agnoses, psychological testing, and dissociation measures in the
four children and 21 adolescents with dissociative disorders. Four
case vignettes are described. Severe dissociative disorders appear
to be related to childhood trauma and develop increasing com¬
plexity as the child matures.
Imaginary Companions of School Boys and Boys with
Dissociative Identity Disorder/Multiple Personality Disorder:
A Normal to Pathologic Continuum 375
Karin Trujillo, Dorothy Otnow Lewis, Catherine A. Yeager,
and Brooke Gidlow
Adults with dissociative identity disorder/multiple personality
disorder often describe having had very vivid imaginary compan¬
ions in childhood. Little is known, however, about the phenome¬
non of imaginary companions in children with dissociative disor¬
ders. This article explores differences in the number, nature, and
functions of imaginary companions of abused, severely dissocia¬
tive boys and of normal school boys.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Violence
and Dissociation 393
Catherine A. Yeager and Dorothy Otnow Lewis
Anecdotal evidence points to a tendency for dissociative identity
disorder/multiple personality disorder (DID/MPD) to run in
contents vii
families. This article reports on the prevalence of dissociation and
other psychopathology in the families of 11 children with DID/
MPD and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified. It de¬
scribes the perpetuation of violent behaviors and dissociative
defenses from one generation to the next.
Child Abuse and Dissociative Identity Disorder/Multiple
Personality Disorder: The Documentation of Childhood
Maltreatment and the Corroboration of Symptoms 431
Yael Swica, Dorothy Otnow Lewis, and Melvin Lewis
There is a consensus in the literature that early, severe mal¬
treatment antedates dissociative identity disorder/multiple per¬
sonality disorder (DID/MPD). Most data on maltreatment, how¬
ever, are gathered retrospectively from the patient only. This
article presents the cases of six violent, incarcerated men with
DID/MPD. It documents from records and family interviews
their childhood and adult dissociative symptoms and signs and
their abusive childhood experiences.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents 449
David Pelcovitz and Sandra Kaplan
The past decade has seen a significant increase in our understand¬
ing of the unique impact that trauma may have on the develop¬
mental trajectory of children and adolescents. We examine the
recent clinical and research literature regarding risk factors for
post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in childhood and the vari¬
ous manifestations in which PTSD may present in childhood and
adolescence. Case vignettes are presented to elucidate issues that
often emerge in the diagnosis and treatment of PTSD in childhood
and adolescence.
Outpatient Treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder and
Allied Forms of Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise
Specified in Children and Adolescents 471
Richard P. Kluft
The treatment of children and adolescents with dissociative iden¬
tity disorder or dissociative disorder not otherwise specified is a
phase oriented therapy that resembles the treatment of adults
with these conditions in many ways but differs from it in crucial
concerns. Environmental interventions, forensic considerations,
and the importance of developmental and relationship concerns
are especially crucial. The dissociative psychopathology must re¬
ceive specific therapeutic attention. Unique considerations apply
to the adolescent, who may have difficulties identifying with
the change oriented goals of the treatment, and to the acutely
traumatized youngster.
Viii CONTENTS
The Use of Hypnosis in Children With Dissociative Disorders 495
Daniel T. Williams and Louis Velazquez
The use of hypnosis in the treatment of children and adolescents
with dissociative disorders has been advocated by many with
clinical experience in this area. It should be noted that, although
abundant clinical experience and opinion exist to support this
application, therapeutic efficacy has not yet been established in
controlled clinical trials. As is so often the case under such cir¬
cumstances, clinicians would do well to consider applying thera¬
peutic strategies reported effective by those with considerable
experience in the field, while awaiting more definitive validation.
In this spirit, we review some of the history of, rationale for, and
techniques of application of hypnosis in the treatment of children
with dissociative disorders.
Cognition, Memory, and Dissociation 509
Daniel J. Siegel
This article provides an overview of cognitive science concepts
relevant to an understanding of the process of dissociation and
the development of dissociative disorders. Research findings from
studies of attachment, affect regulation, mental states, memory,
metacognition, narrative, and neuroscience are utilized to present
a developmental view of the neurophysiology possibly underly¬
ing the subjective experience of dissociation. Clinical application
of the cognitive sciences can facilitate an organized approach to
therapeutic interventions with patients with dissociative identity
disorder.
Index 537
Subscription Information Inside back cover
CONTENTS ix
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| spellingShingle | Dissociative identity disorder, multiple personality disorder Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America Personnalité multiple Trouble dissociatif Dissociative Disorders Multiple Personality Disorder Jugend (DE-588)4028859-6 gnd Bewusstseinsspaltung (DE-588)4325194-8 gnd Kind (DE-588)4030550-8 gnd |
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| title | Dissociative identity disorder, multiple personality disorder |
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| title_full_unstemmed | Dissociative identity disorder, multiple personality disorder Dorothy Otnow Lewis, ... |
| title_short | Dissociative identity disorder, multiple personality disorder |
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